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Lycinus Frayjorge
''Lycinus frayjorge'' is a mygalomorph spider of Chile, named after its type locality: Parque Nacional Fray Jorge, Limarí, Region IV (Coquimbo).Goloboff, Pablo A. "A revision of the South American spiders of the family Nemesiidae (Araneae, Mygalomorphae). Part 1, Species from Peru, Chile, Argentina, and Uruguay. Bulletin of the AMNH; no. 224." (1995). The female spermathecae are most similar to those of '' L. gajardoi'', which differs by the less numerous maxillary cuspules, the lighter scopula IV, and the presence of pseudopreening combs. Description *Female: total length ; cephalothorax length , width ; cephalic region length , width ; fovea width ; medial ocular quadrangle length , width ; labium length , width ; sternum length , width . Its cephalic region is short, wide and convex. Its labium possesses 1 cuspule. A serrula is absent and its sternum is reborded. Chelicerae: rastellum is formed by numerous small, short and blunt cusps. Its cephalothorax is yellowish-brown, wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mygalomorphae
The Mygalomorphae, or mygalomorphs, are an infraorder of spiders, and comprise one of three major groups of living spiders with over 3000 species, found on all continents except Antarctica. Many members are known as trapdoor spiders due to them forming trapdoors over their burrows. Other prominent groups include Australian funnel web spiders and tarantulas, with the latter accounting for around one third of all mygalomorphs. Description This group of spiders comprises mostly heavy-bodied, stout-legged spiders including tarantulas, Australian funnel-web spiders, mouse spiders, and various families of spiders commonly called trapdoor spiders. Like the "primitive" suborder of spiders Mesothelae, they have two pairs of book lungs, and downward-pointing chelicerae. Because of this, the two groups were once believed to be closely related. Later it was realized that the common ancestors of all spiders had these features (a state known as symplesiomorphy). Following the br ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lycinus Epipiptus
''Lycinus'' is a genus of spider in the family Nemesiidae, found in parts of South America. Species , the World Spider Catalog accepted the following species: *'' Lycinus caldera'' Goloboff, 1995 – Chile *''Lycinus choros'' Lucas & Indicatti, 2010 – Chile *'' Lycinus domeyko'' Goloboff, 1995 – Chile *'' Lycinus epipiptus'' (Zapfe, 1963) – Chile, Argentina *'' Lycinus frayjorge'' Goloboff, 1995 – Chile *'' Lycinus gajardoi'' (Mello-Leitão, 1940) – Chile *'' Lycinus lagigliai'' Ferretti, 2015 – Argentina *'' Lycinus longipes'' Thorell, 1894 (type species) – Argentina *''Lycinus nevadoensis ''Lycinus'' is a genus of spider in the family Nemesiidae, found in parts of South America. Species , the World Spider Catalog accepted the following species: *'' Lycinus caldera'' Goloboff, 1995 – Chile *''Lycinus choros'' Lucas & Indicatti ...'' Ferretti, 2015 – Argentina *'' Lycinus portoseguro'' Lucas & Indicatti, 2010 – Brazil *'' Lycinus quilicura'' Goloboff, 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spiders Of South America
Spiders (order Araneae) are air-breathing arthropods that have eight legs, chelicerae with fangs generally able to inject venom, and spinnerets that extrude silk. They are the largest order of arachnids and rank seventh in total species diversity among all orders of organisms. Spiders are found worldwide on every continent except for Antarctica, and have become established in nearly every land habitat. , 50,356 spider species in 132 families have been recorded by taxonomists. However, there has been debate among scientists about how families should be classified, with over 20 different classifications proposed since 1900. Anatomically, spiders (as with all arachnids) differ from other arthropods in that the usual body segments are fused into two tagmata, the cephalothorax or prosoma, and the opisthosoma, or abdomen, and joined by a small, cylindrical pedicel, however, as there is currently neither paleontological nor embryological evidence that spiders ever had a separat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nemesiidae
Nemesiidae, also known as funnel-web trapdoor spiders, is a family of mygalomorph spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1889, and raised to family status in 1985. Before becoming its own family, it was considered part of "Dipluridae". Description Nemesiidae are relatively large spiders with robust legs and a body that is nearly three times as long as it is wide. They are darkly colored, brown to black, though some have silvery hairs on their carapace. ''Atmetochilus'' females can grow over long. They live in burrows, often with a hinged trapdoor. This door is pushed up while the spider waits for passing prey. They rarely leave their burrows, catching prey and withdrawing as quickly as possible. Some of these burrows have a side tubes, but it is not certain whether '' Sinopesa'' builds burrows at all. Genera , the World Spider Catalog accepts the following genera: *''Amblyocarenum'' Simon, 1892 *'' Brachythele'' Ausserer, 1871 — Europe, Cyprus *'' Calisoga'' Chamberli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Regions Of Chile
Chile is divided into 16 regions (in Spanish, ''regiones''; singular ''región''), which are the country's first-level administrative division. Each region is headed by an intendant (''intendente)'', appointed by the President of Chile, and a directly elected regional board (''consejo regional''). The regions are divided into provinces (the second-level administrative division), each headed by a governor (''gobernador'') appointed by the President. There are 56 provinces in total. Provinces are divided into communes (the third and lowest level administrative division), which are governed by municipal councils. Naming Each region was given a Roman numeral, followed by a name (e.g. ''IV Región de Coquimbo'', read as "fourth region of Coquimbo" in Spanish). When the regional structure was created, Roman numerals were assigned in ascending order from north to south, with the northernmost region designated as I (first) and the southernmost region as XII (twelfth). The Santiago Metr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Nemesiidae Species
This page lists all described species of the spider family Nemesiidae accepted by the World Spider Catalog : A ''Amblyocarenum'' ''Amblyocarenum'' Simon, 1892 * '' A. doleschalli'' (Ausserer, 1871) — Italy (mainland, Sicily) * '' A. nuragicum'' Decae, Colombo & Manunza, 2014 — Italy (Sardinia) * '' A. obscurum'' (Ausserer, 1871) — Italy (Sicily) * '' A. walckenaeri'' (Lucas, 1846) (type) — Mediterranean B ''Brachythele'' '' Brachythele'' Ausserer, 1871 * '' B. bentzieni'' Zonstein, 2007 — Greece * '' B. denieri'' (Simon, 1916) — Greece, Bulgaria * '' B. icterica'' (C. L. Koch, 1838) (type) — Italy, Croatia, North Macedonia * '' B. incerta'' Ausserer, 1871 — Cyprus * '' B. langourovi'' Lazarov, 2005 — Bulgaria * '' B. media'' Kulczyński, 1897 — Slovenia, Croatia, Albania * '' B. speculatrix'' Kulczyński, 1897 — SE Europe (Balkans) * '' B. varrialei'' (Dalmas, 1920) — Eastern Europe C ''Calisoga'' ''Calisoga'' Chamberlin, 1937 * '' C. anomala'' (Schenk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spider Anatomy
The anatomy of spiders includes many characteristics shared with other arachnids. These characteristics include bodies divided into two tagmata (sections or segments), eight jointed legs, no wings or antennae, the presence of chelicerae and pedipalps, simple eyes, and an exoskeleton, which is periodically shed. Spiders also have several adaptations that distinguish them from other arachnids. All spiders are capable of producing silk of various types, which many species use to build webs to ensnare prey. Most spiders possess venom, which is injected into prey (or defensively, when the spider feels threatened) through the fangs of the chelicerae. Male spiders have specialized pedipalps that are used to transfer sperm to the female during mating. Many species of spiders exhibit a great deal of sexual dimorphism. External anatomy Spiders, unlike insects, have only two main body parts ( tagmata) instead of three: a fused head and thorax (called a cephalothorax or prosoma) an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ravine
A ravine is a landform that is narrower than a canyon and is often the product of streambank erosion.Definition of "ravine" at Ravines are typically classified as larger in scale than gullies, although smaller than s. Ravines may also be called a cleuch, dell, ghout (), [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chaco Socos
''Chaco socos'' is a species of mygalomorph spiders of Chile, named after its type locality: Socos, Limarí, Region IV (Coquimbo region).Goloboff, Pablo A. "A revision of the South American spiders of the family Nemesiidae (Araneae, Mygalomorphae). Part 1, Species from Peru, Chile, Argentina, and Uruguay. Bulletin of the AMNH; no. 224." (1995). This species differs from '' C. tigre'' by its spermathecae having a longer duct and a less globose fundus, and by constructing a beveled door for its burrow; the general colouration is grayish, while ''C. tigre'' is more brownish coloured. Description The male has a total length of ; a cephalothorax length of and width of ; a cephalic region length of and width of ; an ocular quadrangle (OQ) length of and width of ; a labium length of and width of ; and a sternum length of and width of . The labium possesses five cuspules. Its posterior sternal sigilla is small and shallow. Its cephalothorax is ashgray, with a lycosid-like pattern, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coquimbo Region
The Coquimbo Region ( es, Región de Coquimbo, ) is one of Chile's 16 regions (first order administrative divisions). It is bordered by Atacama to the north, Valparaíso to the south, Argentina to the east, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. It is approximately north of the national capital, Santiago. The capital and largest city is La Serena. Other important cities include the seaport Coquimbo and the agricultural centre Ovalle. Geography and ecology The Coquimbo Region forms the narrowest part, or 'waist' of Chile, and is hence one of the country's more mountainous regions, as the Andes range runs closer to the sea than elsewhere. The region has notable marine species as well as taxa that are associated with the mountainous regions. With respect to marine organisms, the upwelling areas encourage bioproductivity off of this Pacific Coast area of Chile. In the southern mountainous areas of the Coquimbo Region, the rare and endangered Chilean Wine Palm is found, whos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pubescence
Puberty is the process of physical changes through which a child's body matures into an adult body capable of sexual reproduction. It is initiated by hormonal signals from the brain to the gonads: the ovaries in a girl, the testes in a boy. In response to the signals, the gonads produce hormones that stimulate libido and the growth, function, and transformation of the brain, bones, muscle, blood, skin, hair, breasts, and sex organs. Physical growth—height and weight—accelerates in the first half of puberty and is completed when an adult body has been developed. Before puberty, the external sex organs, known as primary sexual characteristics, are sex characteristics that distinguish boys and girls. Puberty leads to sexual dimorphism through the development of the secondary sex characteristics, which further distinguish the sexes. On average, girls begin puberty at ages 10–11 and complete puberty at ages 15–17; boys generally begin puberty at ages 11–12 and complete ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chevron (anatomy)
A haemal arch also known as a chevron, is a bony arch on the ventral side of a tail vertebra of a vertebrate. The canal formed by the space between the arch and the vertebral body is the haemal canal. A spinous ventral process emerging from the haemal arch is referred to as the haemal spine. Blood vessels to and from the tail run through the arch. In reptiles, the caudofemoralis longus muscle, one of the main muscles involved in locomotion, attaches to the lateral sides of the haemal arches. In 1956, Alfred Sherwood Romer hypothesized that the position of the first haemal arch was sexually dimorphic in crocodilians and dinosaurs. However, subsequent research established that the size and position of the first haemal arch was not sexually dimorphic in crocodilians and found no evidence of significant variation in tyrannosaurid dinosaurs, indicating that haemal arches could not be used to distinguish between sexes after all. Haemal arches play an important role in the taxonomy of sa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
