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List Of Kangchu System Placename Etymologies
There are several places in Southeast Asia that had its roots in the Kangchu system, an organised system of administration which was introduced by the Sultanate of Johore in the territories of Johore and Singapore in the 19th century to oversee the social affairs and economy of Chinese coolies who were working in gambier and pepper plantations. Even as the gambier and pepper trade declined in the early 20th century, many of these place names were retained as some of these settlers remained behind. Place names that are associated with the Kangchu system are named after former place features such as settlements, (or ''Chu Kang'', Chinese language, Chinese: 厝港, Peng'im: cu3 gang2), river bases (or ''Kangkar'', Chinese language, Chinese: 港脚, Peng'im: gang2 ka1) and port (or ''Kang'', Chinese language, Chinese: 港, Peng'im: gang2). These terminologies are of Chinese language, Chinese origins, and draws its phonology from the Teochew dialect.Ooi (2004), p. 710 Malaysia Johor * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kangchu System
The Kangchu system was a socio-economic system of organisation and administration developed by Chinese agricultural settlers in Johor during the 19th century. The settlers organised themselves into informal associations (similar to the Kongsi organisations found in other Chinese communities), and chose a leader from among themselves. In Chinese, "Kangchu" (; Hokkien Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ''Káng-chú''; Teochew Pe̍h-ūe-jī: ''Káng-tsú'') literally means 'master of the riverbank', and was the title given to the Chinese headmen of these river settlements.Andaya (1984), p. 140 The "Kangchu" leaders are also called "Kapitan". The Kangchu system traces its origins from the 18th century when Chinese coolies settled in Penang and Riau and set up gambier and pepper plantations there. The sovereign rulers of Johor, Temenggong Daeng Ibrahim and his son and successor, Sultan Abu Bakar, took up the Kangchu system during the first half of the 19th century to provide a more organised form of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lists Of Place Name Etymologies
A list is a set of discrete items of information collected and set forth in some format for utility, entertainment, or other purposes. A list may be memorialized in any number of ways, including existing only in the mind of the list-maker, but lists are frequently written down on paper, or maintained electronically. Lists are "most frequently a tool", and "one does not ''read'' but only ''uses'' a list: one looks up the relevant information in it, but usually does not need to deal with it as a whole".Lucie Doležalová,The Potential and Limitations of Studying Lists, in Lucie Doležalová, ed., ''The Charm of a List: From the Sumerians to Computerised Data Processing'' (2009). Purpose It has been observed that, with a few exceptions, "the scholarship on lists remains fragmented". David Wallechinsky, a co-author of ''The Book of Lists'', described the attraction of lists as being "because we live in an era of overstimulation, especially in terms of information, and lists help us ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Keat Gin Ooi
Keat Gin Ooi (; born 10 October 1959) is a Malaysian academician, historian and educator of Chinese descent who is a professor at the Modern History of Brunei/Borneo in Universiti Brunei Darussalam's Academy of Brunei Studies. He is specialises in the following fields: women in history, Southeast Asian history, war and conflict, indigenous historical sources, underwater archaeology, underwater cultural heritage, modern history and historiography of Borneo, Brunei history, colonial urban history, Borneo in international history. Ooi has been a visiting lecturer and recipient of fellowships from institutions in the United States, Australia, the United Kingdom, Europe, and Japan. He has worked as a professional reviewer for several journals in addition to publishing with publishers such as Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Oxford, Palgrave Macmillan, and Routledge. Early life and education Ooi Keat Gin was born on 10 October 1959, in George Town, Penang, Malaya. Ethnic Chines ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kapitan Cina
Kapitan Cina, also spelled Kapitan China or Capitan China or Capitan Chino (; ; ; ), was a high-ranking government position in the civil administration of colonial Indonesia, Malaya, Singapore, Borneo and the Philippines. Office holders exercised varying degrees of power and influence: from near-sovereign political and legal jurisdiction over local Chinese communities, to ceremonial precedence for community leaders. Corresponding posts existed for other ethnic groups, such as Kapitan Arab and Kapitan Keling for the local Arab and Indian communities respectively. Pre-colonial origin The origin of the office, under various different native titles, goes back to court positions in the precolonial states of Southeast Asia, such as the Sultanates of Malacca in the Malay Peninsula, the Sultanate of Banten in Java, and the Kingdom of Siam in mainland Southeast Asia. Ooi, Keat Gin. ''Southeast Asia: A Historical Encyclopedia, From Angkor Wat to East Timor''p. 711/ref> Many rule ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kangkar LRT Station
The Sengkang LRT line (SKLRT) is a elevated automated guideway transit line in Sengkang, Singapore. The driverless system consists of 14 stations on two loops, with Sengkang station serving as the interchange for both loops and linking the line to the North East MRT line. It is the second Light Rail Transit (LRT) line in Singapore and the first LRT line operated by SBS Transit. The SKLRT was planned in tandem with the development of the Sengkang estate. Construction of the LRT stations and viaducts was completed in 2001, and the Land Transport Authority transferred operations to SBS Transit in September 2002. The east loop began operations on 18 January 2003, followed by the west loop on 29 January 2005, with Kupang station being the last to open on 27 June 2015. The line operates using the Kyosan Automated People Mover (APM) fixed block signalling system and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries's Crystal Mover APM vehicles. Two-car operations were introduced in December 2015 to ac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lanfang Republic
The Lanfang Republic (, Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ''Làn-fông Khiung-fò-koet''), also known as Lanfang Company (), was a Kongsi republic in Western Borneo in the territory of Sultanate of Sambas. It was established by a Hakka Chinese named Luo Fangbo in 1777 until it was ended by Dutch occupation in 1884. Arrival of the Chinese The sultans of Western Borneo, including Sambas, Sukadana, and Landak all imported Chinese laborers in the 18th century to work in gold Gold is a chemical element; it has chemical symbol Au (from Latin ) and atomic number 79. In its pure form, it is a brightness, bright, slightly orange-yellow, dense, soft, malleable, and ductile metal. Chemically, gold is a transition metal ... or tin mines. A number of mining companies enjoyed some political autonomy, but Lanfang is the best known thanks to a history written by Yap Siong-yoen, the son-in-law of the last kapitan of the Lanfang Company, which was translated into Dutch in 1885, and J.J ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Riau
Riau (Jawi script, Jawi: ) is a Provinces of Indonesia, province of Indonesia. It is located on the central eastern coast of the island of Sumatra, and extends from the eastern slopes of the Barisan Mountains to the Malacca Strait, including several large islands situated within the Strait. The province shares land borders with North Sumatra to the northwest, West Sumatra to the west, and Jambi to the south, and a maritime border with the Riau Islands and the country of Malaysia to the east. It is the second-largest province in the island of Sumatra after South Sumatra, and is slightly larger than the nation of Jordan. The total land area is 93,356.32 km² (about the same area as Hungary or the State of Maine), and the population was 5,538,367 at the 2010 Census and 6,394,087 at the 2020 Indonesian census, 2020 census;Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021. the official estimate of population as of mid-2024 was 7,007,353.Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2025, ''Pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sinaboi
Sinaboi is a fishing village and district (''kecamatan'') in Rokan Hilir Regency, Riau, Indonesia. It is about 30 km east of Bagansiapiapi and about 30 km from Dumai Dumai ( Jawi: , ), is a coastal city in Riau Province on the island of Sumatra, Indonesia, about 188 km from Pekanbaru, the provincial capital. The city has an area of 2,065.59 km2 and had 349,389 inhabitants at the mid 2024 official .... The majority of Sinaboi villagers are ethnic Chinese. In Hokkian language, it is called Cia Cui Kang. The village had a population of 2,329 according to the official estimates as at mid 2023, while the district had 21,780 inhabitants according to the official estimates as at mid 2024.Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2025, ''Kabupaten Rokan Hilir Dalam Angka 2025'' (Katalog-BPS 1102001.1409) References Community websiteOfficial Regency Website {{coord, 2, 17, N, 101, 02, E, display=title, region:ID_type:city_source:GNS-enwiki Populated places in Ri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yio Chu Kang
Yio Chu Kang ( ), alternatively spelt as Yeo Chu Kang, is a sub-urban area in the northeast of Singapore, with proximity to the Ang Mo Kio, Lentor, Seletar and Sengkang areas. Deriving its name from the Yio Chu Kang Village, it is still known for lush greenery and low-density housing with high-rise public housing in its southern fringes. Background The name Yio Chu Kang, similar to Choa Chu Kang and Lim Chu Kang, derives from the term "chu kang" (厝港, Teochew: cu3 gang2), meaning "back port". A chu kang was a settlement in backwater parts of rivers in Singapore which served as a port to ship out agricultural products, mainly gambier and pepper, grown on adjacent plantations under the Kangchu economic system in 19th century Johor and Singapore. Educational institutions Primary schools *Anderson Primary School Secondary schools * Presbyterian High School * Yio Chu Kang Secondary School Tertiary Institutions *Nanyang Polytechnic * Anderson Serangoon Junior College *ITE Col ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sengkang
Sengkang (, , ) is a Planning Areas of Singapore, planning area and New towns of Singapore, residential town located in the North-East Region, Singapore, North-East Region of Singapore. The town is the second most populous in the region, being home to 249,370 residents in 2020. Sengkang shares Wiktionary:boundary, boundaries with Seletar and Punggol in the north, Pasir Ris and Paya Lebar in the east, Hougang and Serangoon to the south, as well as Yishun and Ang Mo Kio to the west. Originally a fishing village, the area underwent rapid development under the ambition of the Housing and Development Board (HDB) to transform it into a fully mature housing estate. Etymology The name ''Sengkang'' means "prosperous harbour" in Chinese, and “to chock, block or wedge” in Malay language, Malay. The name was derived from ''Lorong Sengkang,'' a former Malay kampong road, off ''Lorong Buangkok. Lorongs'' were common in the area before urban redevelopment. The area was formerly known as ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lim Chu Kang
Lim Chu Kang is a Planning areas of Singapore, planning area located in the North Region, Singapore, North Region of Singapore, bordering the Western Water Catchment to the west and south, Sungei Kadut to the east and the Straits of Johor to the north. History Lim Chu Kang Village was founded by Neo Ao Tiew (; 1884 - 1975), a Han Chinese, Chinese immigrant from Fujian who was the sheriff of the village. "Lim" was taken from Lim Chwee Chian who was the Kangchu system#Singapore, kangchu, or leader, of the area. The village is on the banks of the Sungei Kranji and was controlled by the Lim clan. Neo Tiew also set up a primary school and health centre in the village. Neo Tiew Road is named after him. The area was originally noted for its numerous black pepper, pepper and Uncaria, gambier plantations. Later there were rubber plantations, e.g. Namazie-Cashin rubber estates. Japanese occupation of Singapore Lim Chu Kang was one of the locations where the Imperial Japanese Army first la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
