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Legislative Sejm (Second Polish Republic)
The Legislative Sejm ( pl, Sejm Ustawodawczy) of the Second Polish Republic was the first national parliament (Sejm) of the newly independent Second Polish Republic. It was elected in the 1919 Polish legislative election. Background The Legislative Sejm was formed in the aftermath of World War I on the territories of the newly independent Second Polish Republic. In late 1918 Polish state was governed by Józef Piłsudski, who quickly begun the work to organize election to the first Polish national parliament (Sejm) since the Grodno Sejm of 1793, held two years before partitions of Poland ended the independent existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. History The elections to the Sejm took place on January 26, 1919. At that time, Poland did not have fixed boundaries, and was involved in territorial conflicts and disputes. On the territories under the nascent Polish state's control, in the lands of former Congress Kingdom and Podlasie region, and western Lesser Poland, 42 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sejm
The Sejm (English: , Polish: ), officially known as the Sejm of the Republic of Poland ( Polish: ''Sejm Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej''), is the lower house of the bicameral parliament of Poland. The Sejm has been the highest governing body of the Third Polish Republic since the transition of government in 1989. Along with the upper house of parliament, the Senate, it forms the national legislature in Poland known as National Assembly ( pl, Zgromadzenie Narodowe). The Sejm is composed of 460 deputies (singular ''deputowany'' or ''poseł'' – "envoy") elected every four years by a universal ballot. The Sejm is presided over by a speaker called the "Marshal of the Sejm" (''Marszałek Sejmu''). In the Kingdom of Poland, the term "''Sejm''" referred to an entire two- chamber parliament, comprising the Chamber of Deputies ( pl, Izba Poselska), the Senate and the King. It was thus a three-estate parliament. The 1573 Henrician Articles strengthened the assembly's jurisdiction, m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sejm Of Central Lithuania
Sejm of Central Lithuania ( pl, Sejm Litwy Środkowej), also known as the Vilnius Sejm, or Wilno Sejm ( pl, Sejm Wileński) or the Adjudicating Sejm ( pl, Sejm Orzekający), was the parliament of the short-lived state of Central Lithuania. Formed after the elections of 8 January 1922, it held its proceedings from 1 February to 1 March of that year. It had 106 deputies. Dominated by Polish representatives, it requested Central Lithuania's annexation by Poland and dissolved shortly afterward. Background In the aftermath of the Żeligowski's Mutiny aimed against Lithuania, a new state was created by general Lucjan Żeligowski in Vilnius Region in October 1920. The new Republic of Central Lithuania depended on Poland's economic and military support and was governed by Polish military representatives. Elections The 1922 Republic of Central Lithuania general election of 8 January was mostly boycotted by non-Polish minorities (in particular, Lithuanians), although still saw an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish Christian Democratic Party
Polish Christian Democratic Party ( pl, Polskie Stronnictwo Chrześcijańskiej Demokracji, PSChD, commonly known as ''Chrześcijańska Demokracja'' or ''Chadecja''Note that the terms ''Chrześcijańska Demokracja'' or ''Chadecja'' in Poland can refer to the dominant Polish Christian context), was a political party of Polish right wing Christian democracy faction existing in the first year of the Second Polish Republic. Its leader and main activist was Wojciech Korfanty. In 1922 ''Chadecja'' became part of the Chrześcijański Związek Jedności Narodowej Christian Union of National Unity ( pl, Chrześcijański Związek Jedności Narodowej, ChZJN, commonly known as ''Chjena'' - the word pronounced as ''hiena'', being the Polish name for hyena) was an electoral coalition of Popular National Union, C ... (''Chiena'') coalition. Part of the Chjeno-Piast coalition after signing the Lanckorona Pact in 1923. After the May Coup of 1926, split into three factions. Member of Centro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catholic People's Party (Poland)
The Catholic People's Party ( pl, Stronnictwo Katolicko-Ludowe, SKL) was a political party in Poland. History The party contested the January 1919 elections to elect the first Sejm of the Second Polish Republic. It received 1.8% of the vote, winning 18 seats.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1509 It contested the 1922 elections The following elections occurred in the year 1922. * 1922 Cardinal electors in Papal conclave * 1922 Papal conclave Africa * 1922 Southern Rhodesian government referendum Asia * 1922 Philippine House of Representatives elections * 1922 Philippi ... as part of the Polish Centre alliance. References Catholic political parties Defunct political parties in Poland Political parties established in 1918 Political parties disestablished in 1937 Agrarian parties in Poland {{Poland-party-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish United Peasants' Party
Polish may refer to: * Anything from or related to Poland, a country in Europe * Polish language * Poles, people from Poland or of Polish descent * Polish chicken * Polish brothers (Mark Polish and Michael Polish, born 1970), American twin screenwriters Polish may refer to: * Polishing, the process of creating a smooth and shiny surface by rubbing or chemical action ** French polishing, polishing wood to a high gloss finish * Nail polish * Shoe polish * Polish (screenwriting), improving a script in smaller ways than in a rewrite See also * * * Polonaise (other) A polonaise ()) is a stately dance of Polish origin or a piece of music for this dance. Polonaise may also refer to: * Polonaises (Chopin), compositions by Frédéric Chopin ** Polonaise in A-flat major, Op. 53 (french: Polonaise héroïque, ... {{Disambiguation, surname Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish People's Party "Left"
The Polish People's Party "Left" ( pl, Polskie Stronnictwo Ludowe "Lewica", PSL Lewica) was a political party in Poland. History The party was established by Jan Stapiński on 5 April 1914 as a breakaway from the Polish People's Party. In the January 1919 elections to elect the first Sejm of the Second Polish Republic it received 3.5% of the vote, winning 12 seats.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1509 However, the 1922 elections saw it reduced to two seats in the Sejm and fail to win a seat in the Senate. On 11 May 1924 it merged with a breakaway faction of the Polish People's Party "Piast" to form the Agrarian Union. The new party merged with a faction of the Polish People's Party "Wyzwolenie" and People's Unity to form Stronnictwo Chłopskie in 1926. References 1914 establishments in Poland 1924 disestablishments in Poland Agrarian parties in Poland Defunct political parties in Poland Left-wing parties Left Left ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish People's Party "Piast" (1913–31)
The Polish People's Party is a Polish agrarian political party. Polish People's Party may also refer to: * Polish People's Party "Piast" (1913–31) *Polish People's Party "Wyzwolenie", active in the interwar period *Polish People's Party (Czechoslovakia), active in the 1920s * Polska Partia Ludowa (Czechoslovakia) * Polish People's Party "Left", active in the 1920s * People's Party, union of PSL Wyzwolenie, PSL Piast and Stronnictwo Chłopskie * Polish People's Party (1945–49) * Polish People's Party "Nowe Wyzwolenie", active after World War II * United People's Party, satellite party of Polish United Workers Party in Polish People's Republic * Polish People's Party-Peasants' Agreement, active since 1991 to 1999 * Polska Partia Ludowa (Lithuania), active since 2002 *Polish People's Party "Piast" (founded 2006) Piast Faction ( pl, Stronnictwo Piast, SP), informally Piast Party, formerly Polish People's Party "Piast" ( pl, Polskie Stronnictwo Ludowe Piast, PSL Piast); is a poli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish People's Party "Wyzwolenie"
Polish Peasant Party "Wyzwolenie" or Polish People's Party "Wyzwolenie"''Wyzwolenie'' is Polish for ''Liberation'', and many sources translate the party's name fully as Polish Peasant Party "Liberation" or Polish People's Party "Liberation" (Polish: ''Polskie Stronnictwo Ludowe "Wyzwolenie"'', abbreviated as PSL Wyzwolenie) was a political party from the interwar period of the Second Polish Republic The Second Polish Republic, at the time officially known as the Republic of Poland, was a country in Central Europe, Central and Eastern Europe that existed between 1918 and 1939. The state was established on 6 November 1918, before the end of ... (1915–1931). It was formed in 1915 by several peasant parties in Kingdom of Poland. In comparison to Polish People's Party "Piast", it was a left-wing party, and an ally of Polish Socialist Party (''Polska Partia Socjalistyczna''). PSL Wyzwolenie supported the May Coup in 1926, but soon afterwards distanced itself from '' Sanatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish Socialist Party
The Polish Socialist Party ( pl, Polska Partia Socjalistyczna, PPS) is a socialist political party in Poland. It was one of the most important parties in Poland from its inception in 1892 until its merger with the communist Polish Workers' Party to form the Polish United Workers' Party in 1948. Józef Piłsudski, founder of the Second Polish Republic, belonged to and later led the PPS in the early 20th century. The party was re-established in 1987, near the end of the Polish People's Republic. However, it remained in the margins of Polish politics until 2019, when it was able to win a seat in the Senate of Poland. History The PPS was founded in Paris in 1892 (see the Great Emigration). In 1893 the party called Social Democracy of the Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania, (SDKPiL), emerged from the PPS, with the PPS being more nationalist and oriented towards Polish independence, and the SDKPiL being more revolutionary and communist. In November 1892 the leading personalities of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Endecja
National Democracy ( pl, Narodowa Demokracja, also known from its abbreviation ND as ''Endecja''; ) was a Polish political movement active from the second half of the 19th century under the foreign partitions of the country until the end of the Second Polish Republic. It ceased to exist after the Nazi–Soviet invasion of Poland of 1939. In its long history, National Democracy went through several stages of development. Created with the intention of promoting the fight for Poland's sovereignty against the repressive imperial regimes, the movement acquired its right-wing nationalist character following the return to independence. A founder and principal ideologue was Roman Dmowski. Other ideological fathers of the movement included Zygmunt Balicki and Jan Ludwik Popławski. The National Democracy's main stronghold was Greater Poland (western Poland), where much of the movement's early impetus derived from efforts to counter Imperial Germany's policy of Germanizing its Poli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Popular National Union
Związek Ludowo-Narodowy (ZLN; en, Popular National Union}was a Polish political party aligned with the National Democracy (Poland), National Democracy political movement during the Second Polish Republic, gathering together right-wing politicians with conservative and nationalist opinions. Between 1919 and 1926 the ZLN achieved considerable electoral success but at no point governed alone. It could only supply individual, well-qualified ministers (e.g. in finance, education or foreign affairs) to successive governments after 1923 in cooperation with the National Democrats and the peasants' party (Chjeno-Piast). In the 1922 presidential elections the ZLN nominated count Maurycy Zamoyski to counter the centrist "freemason" Gabriel Narutowicz as well as the socialist Stanisław Wojciechowski from the PSL “Piast”. After the May Coup of 1926, the ZLN gradually lost its influence and power in the wake of internal schisms and conflicts under the rule of its rivals, the Sanacja ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
March Constitution Of Poland
The Second Polish Republic adopted the March Constitution on 17 March 1921, after ousting the occupation of the German/Prussian forces in the 1918 Greater Poland Uprising, and avoiding conquest by the Soviets in the 1920 Polish-Soviet War. The Constitution, based on the Constitution of the Third French Republic, was regarded as very democratic. Among others, it expressly ruled out discrimination on racial or religious grounds.Niall Ferguson, The War of the World, The Penguin Press, New York 2006, page 271 It also abolished all royal titles and state privileges, and banned the use of blazon In heraldry and heraldic vexillology, a blazon is a formal description of a coat of arms, flag or similar emblem, from which the reader can reconstruct the appropriate image. The verb ''to blazon'' means to create such a description. The visua ...s. It was partially adjusted by the 1926 August Novelization, and superseded by the Polish Constitution of 1935 (April Constitution). Ref ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
