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Lagun Ein
Maha Saw Lagun Ein (, ; also spelled Lagunein; d. March 1413) was a key frontline commander of the Hanthawaddy military from the 1380s to 1413. The commander led the military's vanguard land and naval forces as well as notable assassination missions against the enemies of his lord King Razadarit. He is best remembered in Burmese history for his battles against the northern Ava Kingdom in the Forty Years' War as well as his bravery and honesty. Lagun Ein was mortally wounded and captured by the Ava navy in the first battle after he was promoted to the rank of general. He had gained the deep respect of the Ava high command, which sent his body on a raft down the Irrawaddy with full military honors. Military career Coming to prominence Chronicles provide no information about his early life except that his personal name was Ma Than-Lon (မသံလုံ, ).(Pan Hla 2005: 258, footnote 1): His personal name is sometimes reported as Ma Thon-Lon (မသုံလုံ, ). Both ver ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mon Language
The Mon language, formerly known as Peguan and Talaing, is an Austroasiatic language spoken by the Mon people. Mon, like the related Khmer language, but unlike most languages in mainland Southeast Asia, is not tonal. The Mon language is a recognised indigenous language in Myanmar as well as a recognised indigenous language of Thailand. Mon was classified as a "vulnerable" language in UNESCO's 2010 ''Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger''. The Mon language has faced assimilative pressures in both Myanmar and Thailand, where many individuals of Mon descent are now monolingual in Burmese or Thai respectively. In 2007, Mon speakers were estimated to number between 1,800,000 and 2 million. In Myanmar, the majority of Mon speakers live in Southern Myanmar, especially Mon State, followed by Tanintharyi Region and Kayin State. History Mon is an important language in Burmese history. Until the 12th century, it was the lingua franca of the Irrawaddy valley—not only in the Mon ki ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Twante Township
Twante Township also Twantay Township (, ) is a township in the Yangon Region of Burma (Myanmar). It is located west across the Hlaing River from the city of Yangon. The principal town and administrative seat is Twante. The township is home to the Shwesandaw Pagoda (known as "Golden Hair Relic Pagoda" in English) and it is believed to contain strands of hair from the head of Gautama, and its annual pagoda festival is held on Burmese New Year. Built by the British in 1881, the Twante Canal The longest man made canal in Myanmar is Twante canal is the longest man-made canal in Myanmar, providing a shortcut waterway between Irawaddy River and Yangon river. This divides Twante Township across its which divides Twante Township with its length of 35 km and there is one bridge that spans the canal is called Twante bridge. Baungdawgyoke Monastery in Twante Township is famous as there are pagodas including the replica of Mahabodhi Temple. History During the British rule in Bu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Litter (vehicle)
The litter is a class of wheelless vehicles, a type of human-powered transport, for the transport of people. Smaller litters may take the form of open chairs or beds carried by two or more carriers, some being enclosed for protection from the elements. Larger litters, for example those of the Chinese emperors, may resemble small rooms upon a platform borne upon the shoulders of a dozen or more people. To most efficiently carry a litter, porters either place the carrying poles directly upon their shoulders or use a yoke to transfer the load from the carrying poles to the shoulders. Definitions A simple litter consists of a sling attached along its length to poles or stretched inside a frame. The poles or frame are carried by porters in front and behind. Such simple litters are common on battlefields and emergency situations, where terrain prohibits wheeled vehicles from carrying away the dead and wounded. Litters can also be created quickly by the lashing of poles to a chair ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mwei Thin
Dala Thuddhamaya Mwei Thin (, ; also spelled Tala Thuddhamaya (တလ သုဒ္ဓမာယာ, ) was a junior queen consort of King Razadarit of Hanthawaddy. She was also the mother of King Binnya Ran I and Queen Regnant Shin Sawbu. Brief According to the ''Razadarit Ayedawbon'' chronicle, she was a commoner named Mwei Thin from the Nagada village near Dagon (modern Yangon).Pan Hla 2005: 158 In 1383, she became a wife of Prince Binnya Nwe, who was raising a rebellion against his ailing father King Binnya U. On 2 January 1384, King Binnya U died. Two days later, the court accepted the rebel son Nwe as the successor. Nwe took the title of Razadarit. Mwei Thin became a junior queen with the title of Dala Thuddhamaya on 5 January 1384 at Razadarit's first coronation ceremony.The chronicle ''Razadarit Ayedawbon'' (Pan Hla 2005: 158) says she became queen on Tuesday, 1st waxing of Tabodwe 745 ME, which translates to ''Thursday,'' 24 December 1383. But 1st waxing is a typographica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pathein
Pathein ( ; , ; , ), formerly called Bassein, is the largest city and the capital of the Ayeyarwady Region, Myanmar. It is located 190 km (120 mi) west of Yangon within Pathein Township on the bank of the Pathein River—a western branch of the Irrawaddy River. The city had a population of 172,923 in 2019. Although once a part of the Mon kingdoms, Pathein has few ethnic Mon residents today. The majority are of Bamar ethnicity with significant Karen, Indian, Rakhine and Chinese populations. Etymology The name is believed to derive from the Old Mon name, (). "pha" means great or wide and sī/sɛm means river or sea. Pha-sɛm means a big sea. The name was corrupted to ''Bassein'' during the British colonial period. An alternate theory holds that the city's name comes from the classical name of Pathein, Kusimanagara, a name used by ancient writings and the Kalyani inscriptions. Pathein itself is a corruption of Mon "Kuthen," which itself is a contraction of Kusima ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Myaungmya
Myaungmya ( ) is the principal town of Myaungmya Township, Ayeyarwady Region, Myanmar. The town is home to the Myanmar Union Adventist Seminary, a Seventh-day Adventist seminary and Myaungmya Education College. As of 2014 the population was 58,698. History Myaungmya was referenced earliest in the ''Jambūdipa'', a text dating to the reign of Kyansittha. The name "Myaungmya" originates from the Mon language name Mongmale (မံၚ်မၠ, lit. "where the '' Myaya plants'' are.") The old town of Myaungmya is an archaeological zone and a heritage preservation zone today. The Viceroy of Myaungmya, Laukpya, rebelled against the Hanthawaddy Kingdom during the reign of Binnya U in 1364 CE. By 1371, he had successfully taken control of the Bassein province and became the ruler of the Irrawaddy Delta as the Viceroy of Bassein-Myaungmya. During this period, Myaungmya was a heavily fortified city that resisted the siege of Binnya U's successor Razadarit during the Forty Years' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pyu Township
Pyu Township is a township in Taungoo District in the Bago Region of Myanmar Myanmar, officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar; and also referred to as Burma (the official English name until 1989), is a country in northwest Southeast Asia. It is the largest country by area in Mainland Southeast Asia and has ...."Myanmar States/Divisions & Townships Overview Map" Myanmar Information Management Unit (MIMU) The principal town and administrative seat is Pyu. Notes Townships of the Bago Region[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sam Lek Of Donwun
Smin Sam LekTransliteration per (Shorto 2002: 578) (,Pan Hla 2005: 61 , ; also spelled Thamein Than Laik; 1340s – 1388) was viceroy of Donwun for the Hanthawaddy Kingdom from 1370/71 to 1388. Sam Lek was appointed to the office by King Binnya U of Hanthawaddy after he had recaptured Donwun, the ancestral home of the dynasty, for the king. Sam Lek proved a key loyal vassal until U's death in 1384. He refused to submit to U's eldest son and successor Razadarit, who had raised a rebellion against U in 1383–1384. Sam Lek remained defiant until he died in action in 1388. Early life and career Background Sam Lek was born Me Sam (, )This is a Mon name. မသံ is typically transliterated as Ma Than using modern Burmese pronunciation. to an aristocratic family in the Martaban Kingdom. He may have been a prince,(Shorto 2002: 578) calls him a prince but the ''Razadarit Ayedawbon'' (Pan Hla 2005) does not mention Sam Lek being of royal background. and had at least one elder br ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Śakra (Buddhism)
Indra, with the epitaph of Śakra ( ; ) is the ruler of the Trāyastriṃśa Heaven according to Buddhist cosmology. The name Śakra ("powerful") as an epithet of Indra is found in several verses of the Rigveda. Indra is also referred to by the title "Śakra, Lord of the Devas" (Sanskrit: ; Pali: ). In East Asian cultural traditions, Indra Śakra is known as () or () in Chinese, as () in Japanese, as () in Korean, and as () or () in Vietnamese. In Chinese Buddhism, Indra Śakra is sometimes identified with the Taoist Jade Emperor ( , often simplified to ); both share a birthday on the ninth day of the first lunar month of the Chinese calendar (usually in February). The Trāyastriṃśa heaven in which Indra Śakra rules is located on the top of Mount Meru, imagined to be the polar center of the physical world, around which the Sun and Moon revolve. Trāyastriṃśa is the highest of the heavens in direct contact with humankind. Like all deities, Indra Śakra is long-l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taikkala
Taikkala (, ) is an ancient historical site, located in Mon State, Myanmar Myanmar, officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar; and also referred to as Burma (the official English name until 1989), is a country in northwest Southeast Asia. It is the largest country by area in Mainland Southeast Asia and has ....Moore and San Win 2014: 225 References Bibliography * {{Mon State Mon State ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mottama
Mottama (, ; Muttama , ; formerly Martaban) is a town in the Thaton District of Mon State, Myanmar. Located on the west bank of the Thanlwin river (Salween), on the opposite side of Mawlamyaing, Mottama was the capital of the Martaban Kingdom (later known as Hanthawaddy Kingdom) from 1287 to 1364, and an entrepôt of international repute until the mid-16th century. Etymology "Mottama" derives from the Mon language term "Mumaw" (; ), which means "rocky spur." History Prior to 15th century From the 2nd century BCE to the 15th century CE, Martaban was an important trading port. The historic Maritime Silk Road connected the East and West, and Martaban storage jars were imported through this trade route. The earliest evidence of the existence of Martaban in Myanmar history was revealed in an inscription erected by King Sithu II of the Bagan Empire in 1176. The ancient city was called Sampanago (Campа̄nа̄ga, lit. City of Serpents) or Puñjaluin in the Mon language. It ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Donwun
Donwun (, ; also spelled Don Wun; also known as Wun), located 16km north of Thaton Thaton (; ) is a town in Mon State, in southern Myanmar on the Tenasserim plains. Thaton lies along the National Highway 8 and is also connected by the National Road 85. It is southeast of Yangon and north of Mawlamyine. Thaton was the capit ..., is a former capital of Hanthawaddy. It remained as the capital of Donwun for over five years, between 1364 and 1369.Harvey 1925: 368 References Bibliography * * {{s-end Capitals of Mon kingdoms ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
