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Kalahastisvara Satakamu
The Kalahastisvara Satakamu is a collection of poems composed in Telugu by Dhurjati, who has been described as an ashtadiggaja in the Vijayanagara court of Krishnadevaraya. The poems are dedicated to the form of Shiva venerated at the Kalahasti temple. They are well-known by Telugu-speaking audiences. A Satakamu text generally comprises a collection of one hundred poems in praise of a deity. The manuscripts of this text contain somewhere between 21 and 129 poems. Each poem ends with an invocation of Shiva, the god of Kalahasti. The poems primarily concern devotion to Shiva as a means to liberation from karma. After the introduction of the printing press in the nineteenth century, print copies of the already popular Kalahastisvara Satakamu circulated among Telugu audiences. A selection of these poems has been translated by Velcheru Narayana Rao and Hank Heifetz. The collection was published by the University of California Press The University of California Press, other ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Telugu Language
Telugu (; , ) is a Dravidian languages, Dravidian language native to the Indian states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, where it is also the official language. Spoken by about 96 million people (2022), Telugu is the most widely spoken member of the Dravidian language family, and one of the twenty-two Languages with legal status in India, scheduled languages of the Republic of India. It is one of the few languages that has primary official status in more than one States and union territories of India, Indian state, alongside Hindi and Bengali language, Bengali. Telugu is one of the languages designated as a Classical Languages of India, classical language by the Government of India. It is the 14th most spoken native language in the world.Statistics in Modern Standard Telugu is based on the dialect of erstwhile Krishna, Guntur, East Godavari and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dhurjati
Mahakavi Dhurjati ( Telugu: దూర్జటి; c. 15th and 16th centuries CE) was a Telugu poet and an Ashtadiggaja in the imperial court of the Emperor Krishnadevaraya of Vijayanagara. Biography Dhurjati was born in Srikalahasti. In his works, Dhurjati referred to his birthplace as being a part of ''Pottapi Nadu'' in reference to a Telugu Chola Kingdom based at Pottapi in Cuddapah. He was the son of Singamma and Narayana and grandson of Jakkayya. He was a devotee of Shiva. He was known as ''Pedda Dhurjati'' () as there were four other people from the same family line who went by the name of Dhurjati during the same period and after him. His grandson ''Venkataraya Dhurjati'' wrote ''Indumati Parinayam'' (), a story from Kalidasa's '' Raghuvamsa''. Works The works of Dhurjati dedicated to Shiva, referred to as the ''Srikalahastiswara'' (). His famous works include the '' Sri Kalahasteeshwara Mahatyam'' () and '' Kalahastisvara Satakamu'' (). He is also credited w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ashtadiggajas
Ashtadiggajas () is the collective title given to the eight great Telugu scholars and poets in the court of Emperor Krishnadevaraya, who ruled the Vijayanagara Empire from 1509 until his death in 1529. During his reign, Telugu literature and culture reached its zenith. In his imperial court, these eight poets were regarded as the eight pillars of his literary assembly. The age of Ashtadiggajas is called the '' Prabandha Age'' (1540 CE to 1600 CE). Each Ashtadiggaja had composed at least one ''Prabandha Kavyamu'', and it was the Ashtadiggajas who gave Prabandha its present form. Most Ashtadiggajas were from Rayalaseema. The Ashtadiggajas Allasani Peddana, Dhurjati, Nandi Thimmana, Madayyagari Mallana and Ayyalaraju Ramabhadrudu were from Rayalaseema. Pandit Ramakrishna hailed from Tenali in the Guntur district of Andhra Pradesh. Ramarajabhushanudu and Pingali Surana were the other two Ashtadiggajas. Etymology The title '' Ashtadiggajas'' (Ashta + dik + gaja) means ''ele ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vijayanagara Empire
The Vijayanagara Empire, also known as the Karnata Kingdom, was a late medieval Hinduism, Hindu empire that ruled much of southern India. It was established in 1336 by the brothers Harihara I and Bukka Raya I of the Sangama dynasty, belonging to the Yadava clan of Lunar dynasty, Chandravamsa lineage. The empire rose to prominence as a culmination of attempts by the southern powers to ward off Muslim invasions of India, Muslim invasions by the end of the 13th century. At its peak in the early 16th century under Krishnadevaraya, it subjugated almost all of Southern India's ruling dynasties and pushed the Deccan sultanates beyond the Tungabhadra River, Tungabhadra-Krishna River, Krishna River doab region, in addition to annexing the Gajapati Empire (Odisha) up to the Krishna River, becoming one of the most prominent states in India. The empire's territory covered most of the lands of the modern-day Indian states of Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Goa, and some pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Krishnadevaraya
Krishnadevaraya (17 January 1471 – 17 October 1529) was emperor of the Vijayanagara Empire from 1509 to 1529 and the third ruler of the Tuluva dynasty. Widely regarded as one of the greatest rulers in Indian history, he presided over the empire at its political and cultural zenith and is remembered as an iconic figure by many Indians. Following the decline of the Delhi Sultanate, he ruled the largest and most powerful empire in India during his time.Keay, John, India: A History, New York: Harper Collins, 2000, p. 302 Krishnadevaraya's reign was marked by military expansion and political consolidation. He became the dominant ruler of the Indian peninsula by defeating the sultans of Bijapur, Golconda, the Bahmani Sultanate, and the Gajapatis of Odisha, making him one of the most powerful Hindu monarchs in Indian history. Major campaigns during his reign included the conquest of the Raichur Doab in 1512, the subjugation of Odisha in 1514, and a decisive victory against ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shiva
Shiva (; , ), also known as Mahadeva (; , , Help:IPA/Sanskrit, [mɐɦaːd̪eːʋɐh]) and Hara, is one of the Hindu deities, principal deities of Hinduism. He is the God in Hinduism, Supreme Being in Shaivism, one of the major traditions within Hinduism. Shiva is known as ''The Destroyer'' within the Trimurti, the Hinduism, Hindu trinity which also includes Brahma and Vishnu. In the Shaivite tradition, Shiva is the Supreme Lord who creates, protects and transforms the universe. In the goddess-oriented Shaktism, Shakta tradition, the Supreme Goddess (Devi) is regarded as the energy and creative power (Shakti) and the equal complementary partner of Shiva. Shiva is one of the five equivalent deities in Panchayatana puja of the Smarta Tradition, Smarta tradition of Hinduism. Shiva has many aspects, benevolent as well as fearsome. In benevolent aspects, he is depicted as an Omniscience, omniscient yogi who lives an Asceticism#Hinduism, ascetic life on Kailasa as well as a house ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Srikalahasteeswara Temple
The Srikalahasti Temple is located in the town of Srikalahasti in Tirupati district in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India. Shiva, Siva in his aspect as Vayu is worshipped as Kalahasteeswara. The temple is also regarded as ''Rahu-Ketu kshetra'' and ''Dakshina Kailasam''. According to regional tradition, it is said to be the site where Kannappa was ready to offer both his eyes to cover blood flowing from the linga, Shivalinga before Shiva stopped him and granted him moksha. Srikalahasti temple, situated 36 km away from Tirumala - Tirupati, Tirupati, is famous for its Vayu Lingam (Wind Lingam), one of the Pancha Bhoota Stalam, Pancha Bhuta Sthalams, representing the wind. The temple is about 3Km from Sri Kalahasti(KHT) railway station. Legend In primordial times, the wind-god Vayu performed penance for thousands of years to the ''Karpoora Lingam'', the lingam of Shiva made of camphor. Pleased with Vayu's penance, Shiva manifested before him and bestowed him three boons. Vayu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shataka
A shataka () is a genre of Sanskrit literature. It comprises works that contain one hundred verses. It is also a popular genre of Telugu literature. Etymology The Sanskrit word ''śatakam'' means one hundred. Literature * Dayashataka by Vedanta Desika Vedanta Desika (1268–1369), also rendered Vedanta Desikan, Swami Vedanta Desika, and Thoopul Nigamantha Desikan, was an Indian polymath who wrote philosophical as well as religious and poetical works in several languages, including Sanskrit ... * Andhra Nayaka Satakam by Kasula Purushottama Kavi *Dasarathi Satakam by Kancherla Gopanna (Ramadasu) *Subhashita Trisati (three sets of hundred) by Bhatruthahari * Vrushadhipa Satakam by Paalkuriki Somanna * Vyaja Ninda by Kasula Purushottama Kavi * Hamsaladeevi Gopala Satakam by Kasula Purushottama Kavi * Manasa bodha Satakam by Kasula Purushottama Kavi * Bhakta Kalpadruma Satakam by Kasula Purushottama Kavi * Sumathi Satakam by Baddena Bhupaludu References Sansk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bhakti
''Bhakti'' (; Pali: ''bhatti'') is a term common in Indian religions which means attachment, fondness for, devotion to, trust, homage, worship, piety, faith, or love.See Monier-Williams, ''Sanskrit Dictionary'', 1899. In Indian religions, it may refer to loving devotion for a personal God (like Krishna or Devi), a formless ultimate reality (like Nirguna Brahman or the Sikh God) or an enlightened being (like a Buddha, a bodhisattva, or a guru).Bhakti ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' (2009)Karen Pechelis (2011), "Bhakti Traditions", in ''The Continuum Companion to Hindu Studies'' (Editors: Jessica Frazier, Gavin Flood), Bloomsbury, , pp. 107–121 Bhakti is often a deeply emotional devotion based on a relationship ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moksha
''Moksha'' (; , '), also called ''vimoksha'', ''vimukti'', and ''mukti'', is a term in Jainism, Buddhism, Hinduism, and Sikhism for various forms of emancipation, liberation, '' nirvana'', or release. In its soteriological and eschatological senses, it refers to freedom from '' saṃsāra'', the cycle of death and rebirth. In its epistemological and psychological senses, ''moksha'' is freedom from ignorance: self-realization, self-actualization and self-knowledge. In Hindu traditions, ''moksha'' is a central concept and the utmost aim of human life; the other three aims are ''dharma'' (virtuous, proper, moral life), '' artha'' (material prosperity, income security, means of life), and '' kama'' (pleasure, sensuality, emotional fulfillment). Together, these four concepts are called Puruṣārtha in Hinduism. In some schools of Indian religions, ''moksha'' is considered equivalent to and used interchangeably with other terms such as ''vimoksha'', ''vimukti'', '' kaivalya'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karma
Karma (, from , ; ) is an ancient Indian concept that refers to an action, work, or deed, and its effect or consequences. In Indian religions, the term more specifically refers to a principle of cause and effect, often descriptively called the principle of karma, wherein individuals' intent and actions (cause) influence their future (effect): Good intent and good deeds contribute to good karma and happier Reincarnation, rebirths, while bad intent and bad deeds contribute to bad karma and worse rebirths. In some scriptures, however, there is no link between rebirth and karma. In Hinduism, karma is traditionally classified into four types: Sanchita karma (accumulated karma from past actions across lifetimes), Prārabdha karma (a portion of Sanchita karma that is currently bearing fruit and determines the circumstances of the present life), Āgāmi karma (future karma generated by present actions), and Kriyamāṇa karma (immediate karma created by current actions, which may y ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Velcheru Narayana Rao
Velcheru Narayana Rao is an Indian author, critic, and literary translator. He is a professor at the University of Wisconsin–Madison in the Department of South Asian Studies. His work is primarily focused on Telugu literature for which he received the Sahitya Akademi Fellowship, the highest honour conferred by Sahitya Akademi, in February 2021. Early life Velcheru Narayana Rao was born in Ambakhandi, Srikakulam district, Andhra Pradesh, India. He later moved to Eluru, Andhra Pradesh. He completed his B.A. from Sir C. R. Reddy College in Eluru. He obtained his M.A. from Andhra University in 1968, and later obtained a diploma in linguistics from Osmania University in 1970. He earned a Ph.D. from Andhra University in 1974. Work In 1971, Narayana Rao was appointed a lecturer in the Department of South Asian Studies at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. In 1987 he became a professor at the university. He has also been a visiting professor at the University of Chicago and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
