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Industry Standard Data Model
An industry standard data model, or simply standard data model, is a data model that is widely used in a particular industry. The use of standard data models makes the exchange of information easier and faster because it allows heterogeneous organizations to share an agreed vocabulary, semantics, format, and quality standard for data. Organizations may save time and expense by using pre-existing data models instead of developing them in-house, although the process of making data conform to external models can also be a hindrance. Standards are often defined by standards bodies or technology companies. Most models use the relational model of database management, but some use the hierarchical model, especially those used in manufacturing or those mandated by governments, such as models specified by DIN codes in Germany. Applications Effective standard models have developed in the banking, insurance, pharmaceutical and automotive industries. These models reflect stringent standar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Data Model
A data model is an abstract model that organizes elements of data and standardizes how they relate to one another and to the properties of real-world entities. For instance, a data model may specify that the data element representing a car be composed of a number of other elements which, in turn, represent the color and size of the car and define its owner. The corresponding professional activity is called generally ''data modeling'' or, more specifically, '' database design''. Data models are typically specified by a data expert, data specialist, data scientist, data librarian, or a data scholar. A data modeling language and notation are often represented in graphical form as diagrams. Michael R. McCaleb (1999)"A Conceptual Data Model of Datum Systems". National Institute of Standards and Technology. August 1999. A data model can sometimes be referred to as a data structure, especially in the context of programming languages. Data models are often complemented by function ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ISO 15926
The ISO 15926 is a standard for data integration, sharing, exchange, and hand-over between computer systems. The title, "''Industrial automation systems and integration—Integration of life-cycle data for process plants including oil and gas production facilities''", is regarded too narrow by the present ISO 15926 developers. Having developed a generic data model and reference data library for process plants, it turned out that this subject is already so wide, that actually any state information may be modelled with it. History In 1991 a European Union ESPRIT-, named ProcessBase, started. The focus of this research project was to develop a data model for lifecycle information of a facility that would suit the requirements of the process industries. At the time that the project duration had elapsed, a consortium of companies involved in the process industries had been established: EPISTLE (European Process Industries STEP Technical Liaison Executive). Initially individua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Standard
An international standard is a technical standard developed by one or more international standards organizations. International standards are available for consideration and use worldwide. The most prominent such organization is the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Other prominent international standards organizations including the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). Together, these three organizations have formed the World Standards Cooperation alliance. Purpose International standards can be applied directly or adapted to meet local conditions. When adopted, they lead to the creation of national standards that are either equivalent to or largely align with the international standards in technical content, though they may have: (i) editorial variations, such as differences in appearance, the use of symbols, measurement units, or the choice of a point over a comma as the decimal marker, and (ii) va ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Technical Standard
A technical standard is an established Social norm, norm or requirement for a repeatable technical task which is applied to a common and repeated use of rules, conditions, guidelines or characteristics for products or related processes and production methods, and related management systems practices. A technical standard includes definition of terms; classification of components; delineation of procedures; specification of dimensions, materials, performance, designs, or operations; measurement of quality and quantity in describing materials, processes, products, systems, services, or practices; test methods and sampling procedures; or descriptions of fit and measurements of size or strength. It is usually a formal document that establishes uniform engineering or technical criteria, methods, processes, and practices. In contrast, a custom, convention, company product, corporate standard, and so forth that becomes generally accepted and dominant is often called a ''de facto'' standar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conceptual Schema
A conceptual schema or conceptual data model is a high-level description of informational needs underlying the design of a database. It typically includes only the core concepts and the main relationships among them. This is a high-level model with insufficient detail to build a complete, functional database. It describes the structure of the whole database for a group of users. The conceptual model is also known as the data model that can be used to describe the conceptual schema when a database system is implemented. It hides the internal details of physical storage and targets the description of entities, datatypes, relationships and constraints. Overview A conceptual schema is a map of concepts and their relationships used for databases. This describes the semantics of an organization and represents a series of assertions about its nature. Specifically, it describes the things of significance to an organization (''entity classes''), about which it is inclined to collec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reference Model
A reference model—in systems engineering, systems, enterprise engineering, enterprise, and software engineering—is an abstract framework or domain-specific ontology (information science), ontology consisting of an interlinked set of clearly defined concepts produced by an expert or body of experts to encourage clear communication. A reference model can represent the component parts of any consistent idea, from business functions to system components, as long as it represents a complete set. This frame of reference can then be used to communicate ideas clearly among members of the same community. Reference models are often illustrated as a set of concepts with some indication of the relationships between the concepts. Overview According to OASIS (Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards) a reference model is "an abstract framework for understanding significant relationships among the entities of some environment, and for the development of consiste ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Common Data Model
A common data model (CDM) can refer to any standardised data model which allows for data and information exchange between different applications and data sources. Common data models aim to standardise logical infrastructure so that related applications can "operate on and share the same data", and can be seen as a way to "organize data from many sources that are in different formats into a standard structure". A common data model has been described as one of the components of a " strong information system". A standardised common data model has also been described as a typical component of a well designed agile application besides a common communication protocol. Providing a single common data model within an organisation is one of the typical tasks of a data warehouse. Examples of common data models Border crossings X-trans.eu was a cross-border pilot project between the Free State of Bavaria (Germany) and Upper Austria with the aim of developing a faster procedure for the a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schools Interoperability Framework
The Schools Interoperability Framework, Systems Interoperability Framework (UK), or SIF, is a data-sharing open standard, open specification for academic institutions from kindergarten through workforce. This specification is being used primarily in the United States, Canada, the UK, Australia, and New Zealand; however, it is increasingly being implemented in India, and elsewhere. The specification comprises two parts: an XML specification for data modeling, modeling educational data which is specific to the educational locale (such as North America, Australia or the UK), and a service-oriented architecture (SOA) based on both direct and brokered RESTful-models for sharing that data between institutions, which is international and shared between the locales. SIF is not a product, but an industry initiative that enables diverse applications to interact and share data. , SIF was estimated to have been used in more than 48 US states and 6 countries, supporting five million students. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Common Education Data Standards
The Common Education Data Standards (CEDS) project is a United States national collaborative effort to develop voluntary, common data standards for a key set of education data elements to streamline the exchange, comparison, and understanding of data within and across P-20W institutions and sectors. CEDS includes a common vocabulary for data elements, data models that reflect that vocabulary, variety of tools to understand and use education data, an assembly of metadata from other education data initiatives, and a community of stakeholders who use, support, and develop the standard. See also * Schools Interoperability Framework The Schools Interoperability Framework, Systems Interoperability Framework (UK), or SIF, is a data-sharing open standard, open specification for academic institutions from kindergarten through workforce. This specification is being used primarily ... * Standard data model References External links CEDSCEDS GitHubBlog on CEDS in Educause [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Association Of Oil & Gas Producers
The International Association of Oil & Gas Producers (IOGP) is the petroleum industry's global forum in which members identify and share best practices to achieve improvements in health, safety, the environment, security, social responsibility, engineering and operations. The association was formed in London in 1974 to develop effective communications between the upstream industry and the network of international regulators. Originally called the ''E&P Forum'' (for oil and gas exploration and production), in 1999 the current name was adopted. Most of the world’s leading publicly traded, private and state-owned oil & gas companies, oil & gas associations and major upstream service companies are members. The IOGP claims its members produce 40% of the world’s oil and gas. Co-operation with other bodies IOGP also represent the interests of the upstream industry before international regulators and legislators in UN bodies such as the International Maritime Organization and the C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seabed Survey Data Model
The Seabed Survey Data Model (SSDM) is an industry standard data model for how seabed survey data is stored and managed by oil and gas companies. The International Association of Oil & Gas Producers (IOGP) developed and published this standard in October 2011. Many surveys have been successfully delivered in SSDM. The SSDM template is provided as an Esri ArcGIS geodatabase, but other implementations of the model are allowed. Significance Outputs of seabed surveys usually contain CAD files, log imagery, surface grids and many other documents. Such a mix of data types makes the task of integrating existing enterprise data very complicated. Data models that were used by survey contractors before SSDM include ArcGIS Pipeline Data Model (APDM) and Professional Petroleum Data Management (PPDM). It is very difficult for both of these data models to manage their internal data. To fix this specific problem, IOGP defined the SSDM to better manage the data. SSDM provides a complete surve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transmodel
Transmodel, also known as Reference Data Model For Public Transport (EN 12896), is a European Standard for modelling and exchanging public transport information. It provides a standard data model and specialised data structures to uniformly represent common public transport concepts, facilitating the use of data in a wide variety of public transport information systems, including for timetabling, fares, operational management, real-time data, and journey planning. As of 2021, the current version of Transmodel is 6.0. Scope Transmodel provides a comprehensive conceptual model for public transport information systems, covering multiple subdomains including transport network infrastructure and topology, schedules, journey planning, fares, fare validation, real-time passenger information, and operational systems. Transmodel is an entity-relationship model in Unified Modeling Language (UML), accompanied by detailed descriptions of the concepts, elements and attributes needed to rep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
