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Hatay
Hatay Province (, ) is the southernmost Provinces of Turkey, province and Metropolitan municipalities in Turkey, metropolitan municipality of Turkey. Its area is , and its population is 1,686,043 (2022). It is situated mostly outside Anatolia, along the eastern coast of the Levantine Sea. The province borders Syria to its south and east, the Turkish province of Adana Province, Adana to the northwest, Osmaniye Province, Osmaniye to the north, and Gaziantep Province, Gaziantep to the northeast. It is partially situated on the Çukurova, Cilician Plain, a large fertile plain along the Cilicia region. Its administrative capital is Antakya (ancient Antioch), making it one of the three Turkish provinces not named after its administrative capital or any settlement. The second-largest city is İskenderun (formerly Alexandretta). Sovereignty over most of the province was Hatay dispute, disputed with neighbouring Syria, which claimed that the province had a demographic Arabs in Turkey, Ara ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hatay Dispute
The Hatay dispute emerged when Turkey annexed Hatay Province from the newly independent Syria in 1939. The Hatay dispute remains a controversial problem between Syria and Turkey from time to time. History During the collapse of the Ottoman Empire. After the Armistice of Mudros, the Sanjak of Alexandretta (modern day Hatay) was occupied by France. Thus, the Turkish National Movement formed a front in Hatay. On October 20, 1921, according to Article 7 of the Treaty of Ankara, Hatay would remain within the borders of Syria; although with the Turkish language and lira being official. Maps as old as 1764 had shown that Hatay was traditionally Syrian. In 1936, out of the 220,000 people in Hatay, 46% were Arabs, 39% were Turks, 11% were Armenians, and the remaining 4% was made up of Circassians, Jews, and Kurds. In the Treaty of Lausanne, Hatay was also included as a part of Syria. Also in the Treaty of Lausanne, the Hatay dispute was not specifically mentioned, although France had wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antakya
Antakya (), Turkish form of Antioch, is a municipality and the capital Districts of Turkey, district of Hatay Province, Turkey. Its area is . Prior to the devastating 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquakes, 2023 earthquakes, its population was recorded at 399,045 (2022). It is in the Hatay Province, which is the southernmost region of Turkey. The city is located in a well-watered and fertile valley on the Orontes River, about from the Levantine Sea. Today's city stands partly on the site of the ancient Antiochia (also known as "Antioch on the Orontes"), which was founded in the fourth century BC by the Seleucid Empire. Antioch later became one of the Roman Empire's largest cities and was made the capital of the provinces of Roman Syria, Syria and Coele-Syria (Roman province), Coele-Syria. It was also an influential early center of Christianity; the New Testament asserts that the name "Christian" first emerged in Antioch. The city gained much ecclesiastical importance during the times o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hatay State
Hatay State (; ; ), also known informally as the Republic of Hatay (), was a transitional nation that existed from 2 September 1938 to 29 June 1939, being located in the territory of the Sanjak of Alexandretta of the French Mandate of Syria. The state was transformed ''de facto'' into the Hatay Province of Turkey on 7 July 1939, ''de jure '' joining the country on 23 July 1939. History Background Formerly part of the Aleppo Vilayet of the Ottoman Empire, the Sanjak of Alexandretta was occupied by France at the end of the First World War and constituted part of the French Mandate of Syria. The Sanjak of Alexandretta was an autonomous ''sanjak'' from 1921 to 1923, as a result of the Franco-Turkish Treaty of Ankara (1921), Treaty of Ankara, as it had a large Turkish community as well as its Arab and Armenian population. Then it was attached to the State of Aleppo, then in 1925 it was directly attached to the State of Syria, still with a special administrative status. MareÅŸal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cilicia
Cilicia () is a geographical region in southern Anatolia, extending inland from the northeastern coasts of the Mediterranean Sea. Cilicia has a population ranging over six million, concentrated mostly at the Cilician plain (). The region includes the provinces of Mersin, Adana, Osmaniye and Hatay. Name The name of Cilicia () was derived from (), which was the name used by the Neo-Assyrian Empire to designate the western part of what would become Cilicia. The English spelling is the same as the Latin, as it was transliterated directly from the Greek form Κιλικία. The palatalization of c occurring in Western Europe in later Vulgar Latin () accounts for its modern pronunciation in English. Geography Cilicia extends along the Mediterranean coast east from Pamphylia to the Nur Mountains, which separate it from Syria. North and east of Cilicia stand the rugged Taurus Mountains, which separate it from the high central plateau of Anatolia, and which are pierced by a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ä°skenderun
İskenderun (), historically known as Alexandretta (, ) and Scanderoon, is a municipality and Districts of Turkey, district of Hatay Province, Turkey. Its area is 247 km2, and its population is 251,682 (2022). It is on the Mediterranean coast. Located on an alluvial plain, the city was heavily damaged by 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquake, powerful earthquakes in February 2023 and subsequent aftershocks, floods and fires. The city's history dates back to 333 BC, when it was founded by Alexander the Great as Alexandretta. It subsequently fell under Seleucid Empire, Seleucid rule before being conquered by the Ancient Rome, Romans. After defeating the Byzantine Empire, Byzantines in the 8th century, the Abbasid Caliphate gained control of the city. During the First Crusade, it came under the control of the Principality of Antioch before being captured by the Mamluk Sultanate. By the 15th century, the Ottoman Empire, Ottomans had conquered the city, maintaining control over it until ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antioch
Antioch on the Orontes (; , ) "Antioch on Daphne"; or "Antioch the Great"; ; ; ; ; ; ; . was a Hellenistic Greek city founded by Seleucus I Nicator in 300 BC. One of the most important Greek cities of the Hellenistic period, it served as the capital of the Seleucid Empire and later as regional capital to both the Roman and Byzantine Empire. During the Crusades, Antioch served as the capital of the Principality of Antioch, one of four Crusader states that were founded in the Levant. Its inhabitants were known as ''Antiochenes''. The remains of the ancient city of Antioch are mostly buried beneath alluvial deposits from the Orontes River. The modern city of Antakya, in Hatay Province of Turkey, lies in its place. Antioch was founded near the end of the fourth century BC by Seleucus I Nicator, one of Alexander the Great's generals, as one of the tetrapoleis of Seleucis of Syria. Seleucus encouraged Greeks from all over the Mediterranean to settle in the city. The ci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Mandate For Syria And The Lebanon
The Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon (; , also referred to as the Levant States; 1923−1946) was a League of Nations mandate founded in the aftermath of the First World War and the partitioning of the Ottoman Empire, concerning the territories of Syria and Lebanon. The mandate system was supposed to differ from colonialism, with the governing country intended to act as a trustee until the inhabitants were considered eligible for self-government. At that point, the mandate would terminate and a sovereign state would be born. During the two years that followed the end of the war in 1918—and in accordance with the Sykes–Picot Agreement signed by the United Kingdom and France during the war—the British held control of most of Ottoman Iraq (now Iraq) and the southern part of Ottoman Syria (now Israel, Palestine and Transjordan), while the French controlled the rest of Ottoman Syria (including Lebanon, Alexandretta, and portions of Cilicia). In the early 1920s, British ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Provinces Of Turkey
Turkey is divided into 81 provinces (). Each province is divided into a number of districts of Turkey, districts (). Each provincial government is seated in the central district (). For non-Metropolitan municipalities in Turkey, metropolitan municipality designated provinces, the central district bears the name of the province (e.g. the city/district of Rize is the central district of Rize Province). In the Ottoman Empire, the corresponding unit was the ''vilayet''. Each province is administered by an appointed governor () from the Ministry of the Interior (Turkey), Ministry of the Interior. Background After the collapse of the Ottoman Empire and the Republic Day (Turkey), official establishment of the Republic of Turkey on 29 October 1923, changes were made to the administrative system. Two years later, Ardahan Province, Ardahan, Beyoğlu, Çatalca, Tunceli, Dersim, Ergani, Gelibolu, :tr:Genç_(il), Genç, Kozan, Adana, Kozan, Oltu, Muş Province, Muş, Siverek and Üsküdar pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Çukurova
Çukurova (), or the Cilician Plain (''Cilicia Pedias'' in antiquity), is a large fertile plain in the Cilicia region of southern Anatolia. The plain covers the easternmost areas of Mersin Province, southern and central Adana Province, western Osmaniye Province and northwestern Hatay Province. Etymology ''Çukurova'' is a compound (linguistics), compound of the Turkish language, Turkish words "hollow, Depression (geology), depression" and "plains". The oldest recorded use of the name in Turkish can be traced back to Aşıkpaşazade's late 15th century work '. History The region's recorded history dates back over 6,000 years. During the Bronze Age, the region was known as Kizzuwatna. As an area located between the native Hurrians, Hurrian lands of Southeastern Anatolia Region, Southeastern Anatolia and the native Luwians, Luwian lands of the Mediterranean Region, Turkey, Mediterranean coast of Anatolia, it was a mixed Luwian-Hurrian region. Hence, these two indigenous langua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arabs In Turkey
Arabs in Turkey (; ) are about 1.5 million or 5 million (including the Syrian refugees) citizens or residents of Turkey who are ethnically of Arab descent. They are the third-largest minority in the country after the Kurds and the Circassians. and are concentrated in a few provinces in Southeastern Anatolia. In addition to this native group, millions of Arab Syrian refugees have sought refuge in Turkey since the beginning of the Syrian civil war in 2011. Background Besides the large communities of both foreign and Turkish Arabs in Istanbul and other large cities, most live in the south and southeast.Die Bevölkerungsgruppen in Istanbul (türkisch) Turkish Arabs are mostly |
Metropolitan Municipalities In Turkey
There are 81 provinces in Turkey (). Among the Provinces of Turkey, 81 provinces, 30 provinces are designated metropolitan municipalities (). Metropolitan municipalities are subdivided into districts (), where List of districts in Turkey, each district includes a corresponding district municipality, which is a second tier municipality. History The first metropolitan municipalities were established in 1984. These were the three most populous cities in Turkey, namely; Istanbul, Ankara, and İzmir. In each metropolitan municipality a number of second level municipalities (ilçe municipality) were established. In 1986, four new metropolitan municipalities were established: Adana, Bursa, Gaziantep and Konya. Two years later the total number was increased to eight with the addition of Kayseri. In 1993, seven new metropolitan municipalities were established: Antalya, Diyarbakır, Erzurum, Eskişehir, Mersin, İzmit, Kocaeli and Samsun. Following the 1999 İzmit earthquake, earthquake of 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Habib-i Nejjar Mosque
Habib-i Nejjar Mosque is a historical mosque in Antakya, Hatay Province, Turkey named after Habib the Carpenter. The mosque is to the east of Orontes River (). The mosque was severely damaged by earthquakes in February 2023. History In antiquity, there was most probably a pagan temple in place of the current mosque. During the Christian era, it was converted into a church named after John the Baptist. In the Medieval Age, the city was captured first by the Rashidun Caliphate in 637, by the Byzantine Empire in 969, by the Seljuk Turks in 1084, by the Crusades in 1098, and by the Baibars of the Mamluk Sultanate in 1268. Concurrently in each case, the status of the building was changed from church to mosque and from mosque to church. However, in the inscription of the mosque, it reads that it was rebuilt in 1275 soon after Baibars had converted it to a mosque. Wendy Mayer and Pauline Allen suggest that the mosque is built on top of the former church of Cassian, however this remain ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
