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Flavonol Rhamnosides
Flavonols are a class of flavonoids that have the 3-hydroxyflavone backbone (IUPAC name: 3-hydroxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one). Their diversity stems from the different positions of the phenols, phenolic hydroxyl, –OH groups. They are distinct from flavanols (with "a") such as catechin, another class of flavonoids, and an unrelated group of metabolically important molecules, the flavin group, flavins (with "i"), derived from the yellow B vitamin riboflavin. Flavonols are present in a wide variety of fruits and vegetables. In Western populations, estimated daily intake is in the range of 20–50 mg per day for flavonols. Individual intake varies depending on the type of diet consumed. The phenomenon of dual fluorescence (due to excited state intramolecular proton transfer or ESIPT) is induced by tautomerism of flavonols (and glucosides) and could contribute to plant UV protection and flower colour. Besides being a subclass of flavonoids, flavonols are suggested by a study of c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reactive Oxygen Species
In chemistry and biology, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly Reactivity (chemistry), reactive chemicals formed from diatomic oxygen (), water, and hydrogen peroxide. Some prominent ROS are hydroperoxide (H2O2), superoxide (O2−), hydroxyl radical (OH.), and singlet oxygen(1O2). ROS are pervasive because they are readily produced from O2, which is abundant. ROS are important in many ways, both beneficial and otherwise. ROS function as signals, that turn on and off biological functions. They are intermediates in the redox behavior of O2, which is central to fuel cells. ROS are central to the photodegradation of organic pollutants in the atmosphere. Most often however, ROS are discussed in a biological context, ranging from their effects on aging and their role in causing dangerous genetic mutations. Inventory of ROS ROS are not uniformly defined. All sources include superoxide, singlet oxygen, and hydroxyl radical. Hydrogen peroxide is not nearly as reactive as these s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quercetin
Quercetin is a plant flavonol from the flavonoid group of polyphenols. It is found in many fruits, vegetables, leaves, seeds, and grains; capers, red onions, and kale are common foods containing appreciable amounts of it. It has a bitter flavor and is used as an ingredient in dietary supplements, beverages, and foods. Occurrence Quercetin is a flavonoid widely distributed in nature. The name has been used since 1857, and is derived from ''quercetum'' (oak forest), after the oak genus ''Quercus''. It is a naturally occurring polar auxin transport inhibitor. Quercetin is one of the most abundant dietary flavonoids, with an average daily consumption of 25–50 mg. In red onions, higher concentrations of quercetin occur in the outermost rings and in the part closest to the root, the latter being the part of the plant with the highest concentration. One study found that organically grown tomatoes had 79% more quercetin than non-organically grown fruit. Quercetin is present in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pachypodol
Pachypodol is a chemical compound classified as an O-methylated flavonol. It can be isolated from a variety of plants including '' Calycopteris floribunda'', '' Pogostemon cablin'', and '' Croton ciliatoglanduliferus''. References O-methylated flavonols Diols {{Aromatic-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Natsudaidain
Natsudaidain is an O-methylated flavonol, a type of chemical compound. It can be isolated from Citrus plants (Rutaceae). The name of the molecule comes from '' Citrus natsudaidai'' (Natsumikan, lit. "summer tangerine"), a fruit of Japan developed in 1740 with a particularly tart/sour taste. References O-methylated flavonols Flavonoids found in Rutaceae {{Aromatic-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Myricetin
Myricetin is a member of the flavonoid class of polyphenolic compounds, with antioxidant properties. Common dietary sources include vegetables (including tomatoes), fruits (including oranges), nuts, berries, tea, and red wine. Myricetin is structurally similar to fisetin, luteolin, and quercetin and is reported to have many of the same functions as these other members of the flavonol class of flavonoids. Reported average intake of myricetin per day varies depending on diet, but has been shown in the Netherlands to average 23 mg/day. Myricetin is produced from the parent compound taxifolin through the (+)-dihydromyricetin intermediate and can be further processed to form laricitrin and then syringetin, both members of the flavonol class of flavonoids. Dihydromyricetin is frequently sold as a supplement and has controversial function as a partial GABAA receptor potentiator and treatment in Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD). Myricetin can alternatively be produced directly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Morin (flavonoid)
Morin is a yellow chemical compound that can be isolated from '' Maclura pomifera'' (Osage orange), '' Maclura tinctoria'' (old fustic), and from leaves of ''Psidium guajava'' (common guava). In a preclinical ''in vitro'' study, morin was found to be a weak inhibitor of fatty acid synthase with an IC50 of 2.33 μM. Morin was also found to inhibit amyloid formation by islet amyloid polypeptide (or amylin) and disaggregate amyloid fibers. Morin can be used to test for the presence of aluminium or tin in a solution, since it forms characteristically fluorescent coordination complex A coordination complex is a chemical compound consisting of a central atom or ion, which is usually metallic and is called the ''coordination centre'', and a surrounding array of chemical bond, bound molecules or ions, that are in turn known as ' ...es with them under UV light. Glycosides * Morin-3-O- arabinoside * Morin-3-O- lyxoside References Flavonols Pentols {{phenol-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isorhamnetin
Isorhamnetin is an O-methylated flavon-ol from the class of flavonoid Flavonoids (or bioflavonoids; from the Latin word ''flavus'', meaning yellow, their color in nature) are a class of polyphenolic secondary metabolites found in plants, and thus commonly consumed in the diets of humans. Chemically, flavonoids ...s. A common food source of this 3'-methoxylated derivative of quercetin and its glucoside conjugates are pungent yellow or red onions, in which it is a minor pigment, quercetin-3,4'-diglucoside and quercetin-4'-glucoside and the aglycone quercetin being the major pigments. Pears, olive oil, wine and tomato sauce are rich in isorhamnetin. Almond skin is a rich source of isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside and isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside, in some cultivars they comprise 75% of the polyphenol content, the total of which can exceed 10 mg/100 gram almond. Others sources include the spice, herbal medicinal and psychoactive Mexican tarragon ''( Tagetes lucida)'', which is descri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kaempferol
Kaempferol (3,4′,5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone) is a natural flavonol, a type of flavonoid, found in a variety of plants and plant-derived foods including kale, beans, tea, spinach, and broccoli. It is also found in propolis extracts. Kaempferol is a yellow crystalline solid with a melting point of . It is slightly soluble in water and highly soluble in hot ethanol, ethers, and DMSO. Kaempferol is named for 17th-century German naturalist Engelbert Kaempfer.Kaempferol at .com; retrieved October 20, 2017 Natural occurrence Kaempferol is a secondary metabolite found in many plants, plant-derived foods, and traditional medicines. Its flavor is considered ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kaempferide
Kaempferide is an ''O''-methylated flavonol, a type of chemical compound. It can be found in ''Kaempferia galanga'' (aromatic ginger). It has been noted to inhibit pancreatic cancer growth by blockading an EGFR-related pathway. Metabolism The enzyme kaempferol 4'-''O''-methyltransferase uses ''S''-adenosyl-L-methionine and kaempferol Kaempferol (3,4′,5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone) is a natural flavonol, a type of flavonoid, found in a variety of plants and plant-derived foods including kale, beans, tea, spinach, and broccoli. It is also found in propolis extracts. Kaempferol i ... to produce ''S''-adenosyl-L-homocysteine and kaempferide. Glycosides Icariin is the tert-amyl alcohol derivative of kaempferide 3,7-''O''-diglycoside. References External links Kaempferide at the HMDB O-methylated flavonols Triols {{Aromatic-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gossypetin
Gossypetin, also known as 3,5,7,8,3',4'-hexahydroxyflavone, is a flavonol, a type of flavonoid. It has been isolated from the flowers and the calyx of '' Hibiscus sabdariffa'' (roselle) and exhibits a strong antibacterial activity. The compound has also been found to act as an antagonist of TrkB Tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB), also known as tyrosine receptor kinase B, or BDNF/NT-3 growth factors receptor or neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor, type 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''NTRK2'' gene. TrkB is a recept .... Gossypetin has radioprotective activity. The enzyme 8-hydroxyquercetin 8-''O''-methyltransferase uses ''S''-adenosyl methionine and gossypetin to produce ''S''-adenosylhomocysteine and 3,5,7,3',4'-pentahydroxy-8-methoxyflavone. In 2022, a study in an animal model using intragastric administration suggested that the flavonoid gossypetin facilitated the clearance of beta-amyloid in the brain and is a promising target for the study of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Galangin
Galangin is a flavonol, a type of flavonoid. Occurrence Galangin is found in high concentrations in plants like '' Alpinia officinarum'' (lesser galangal) and '' Helichrysum aureonitens''. It is also found in the rhizome of '' Alpinia galanga'' and in propolis. Biological activities Galangin has been shown to have ''in vitro'' antibacterial and antiviral activity. It also inhibits the growth of breast tumor cells ''in vitro ''In vitro'' (meaning ''in glass'', or ''in the glass'') Research, studies are performed with Cell (biology), cells or biological molecules outside their normal biological context. Colloquially called "test-tube experiments", these studies in ...''. References External links Galangin on Chemblink.com {{flavonol Flavonols Resorcinols Steroid sulfotransferase inhibitors Triols ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
