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Dihydropyridine Calcium Channel Blockers
Dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers are derivatives of 1,4-Dihydropyridine, 1,4-dihydropyridine that are used as L-type calcium channel, L-type calcium channel blockers. They are used in the treatment of hypertension. Compared with certain other L-type calcium channel blockers (for example those of the phenylalkylamine class such as verapamil) that have significant action at the heart, the dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers lower blood pressure mainly by relaxing the smooth muscle of the blood vessel walls. Class members Dihydropyridine class L-type calcium channel blockers include, in alphabetical order (brand names vary in different countries): The pharmaceutical drug finerenone is also a dihydrophyridine derivative, but does not act as a calcium channel blocker but as an antimineralocorticoid. See also * Calcium channel blocker (including section on non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers) * Calcium channel * Dihydropyridine receptor References {{Cal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1,4-Dihydropyridine
1,4-Dihydropyridine (DHP) is an organic compound with the formula CH2(CH=CH)2NH. The parent compound is uncommon, but derivatives of 1,4-dihydropyridine are important commercially and biologically. The pervasive cofactors NADH and NADPH are derivatives of 1,4-dihydropyridine. Dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers are a class of L-type calcium channel blockers used in the treatment of hypertension. 1,2-Dihydropyridines are also known. Properties and reactions A recurring feature of 1,4-dihydropyridines is the presence of substituents at the 2- and 6-positions. Dihydropyridines are enamines, which otherwise tend to tautomerize or hydrolyze. The dominant reaction of dihydropyridines is their ease of oxidation. In the case of dihydropyridines with hydrogen as the substituent on nitrogen, oxidation yields pyridine Pyridine is a basic (chemistry), basic heterocyclic compound, heterocyclic organic compound with the chemical formula . It is structurally related to benzene, wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isradipine
Isradipine (tradenames DynaCirc, Prescal) is a calcium channel blocker of the dihydropyridine class. It is usually prescribed for the treatment of high blood pressure in order to reduce the risk of stroke and heart attack. It was patented in 1978 and approved for medical use in 1989. Medical uses Isradipine is given as either a 2.5 mg or 5 mg capsule. Side effects Common side effects include: *Dizziness *Warmth, redness, or tingly feeling under your skin *Headache *Weakness, tired feeling *Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, upset stomach *Skin rash or itching Serious side effects include: *Lightheadedness or fainting *Shortness of breath, especially from minimal physical activity *Swelling in the hands and feet *Rapid and/or heavy heartbeat *Chest pain Drug interactions It is advised that those using isradipine not take dolasetron (Anzemet), as both agents can cause a dose-dependent PR interval and QRS complex prolongation. Itraconazole (Onmel/Sporanox) exhibits a ne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Felodipine Structure
Felodipine is a medication of the calcium channel blocker type that is used to treat high blood pressure. It was patented in 1978, and approved for medical use in 1988. Medical uses Felodipine is used to treat high blood pressure and stable angina. It should not be used for people who are pregnant, have acute heart failure, are having a heart attack, have an obstructed heart valve, or have obstructions that block bloodflow out of the heart. For people with liver failure the dose needs to be lowered, because felodipine is cleared by the liver. Adverse effects The only very common side effect, occurring in more than 1/10 people, is pain and swelling in the arms and legs. Common side effects, occurring in between 1% and 10% of people, include flushing, headache, heart palpitations, dizziness and fatigue. Felodipine can exacerbate gingivitis. Interactions Felodipine is metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A4, so substances that inhibit or activate CYP3A4 can strongly effec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Efonidipine Structure
Efonidipine (INN) is a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker marketed by Shionogi & Co. of Japan. It was launched in 1995, under the brand name Landel (ランデル). The drug blocks both T-type and L-type calcium channels. Drug Controller General of India (DCGI) has approved the use of efonidipine in India. It is launched under the brand name "Efnocar" (Zuventus Health care ltd, India). Structure Activity Relationship Efonidipine is a dual Calcium Channel Blocker (L & T-type). It has a unique chemical structure. The phosphonate moiety (Figure 1) at the C5 position of the dihydropyridine ring is considered to be important for the characteristic pharmacological profile of the drug. (figure-1) Mechanism of action Efonidipine, a new generation dihydropyridine (DHP) calcium channel blocker, inhibits both L-type and T-type calcium channels. Pharmacodynamics * Efonidipine exhibits antihypertensive effect through vasodilatation by blocking L-type and T-type calcium chann ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
