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Constantin Anghelache
Constantin Anghelache (1 May 1920 – 28 September 2015) was a Romanian football midfielder, manager and a World War II veteran. Life and career Constantin Anghelache joined Unirea Tricolor București after being seen by coach Petre Steinbach at a school competition. He played all the minutes in all 24 matches of the 1940–41 season, in which Unirea Tricolor won the championship. According to former coach Gheorghe Constantin, during the period Anghelache was a member of the fascist Iron Guard, often donning the organization's characteristic green shirt. He was a student at the National University of Physical Education and Sport (ANEFS), graduating in 1942. During his college years at ANEFS he became one of the best alpine skiers from the university, a performance which convinced the Romanian royal family to hire him to be Prince Michael's ski instructor. In 1944 he fought for the Romanian Armed Forces in World War II as a sub-lieutenant, being the only survivor of the fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bucharest
Bucharest ( , ; ro, București ) is the capital and largest city of Romania, as well as its cultural, industrial, and financial centre. It is located in the southeast of the country, on the banks of the Dâmbovița River, less than north of the Danube River and the Bulgarian border. Bucharest was first mentioned in documents in 1459. The city became the capital of Romania in 1862 and is the centre of Romanian media, culture, and art. Its architecture is a mix of historical (mostly Eclectic, but also Neoclassical and Art Nouveau), interbellum ( Bauhaus, Art Deco and Romanian Revival architecture), socialist era, and modern. In the period between the two World Wars, the city's elegant architecture and the sophistication of its elite earned Bucharest the nickname of 'Paris of the East' ( ro, Parisul Estului) or 'Little Paris' ( ro, Micul Paris). Although buildings and districts in the historic city centre were heavily damaged or destroyed by war, earthquakes, and even Nic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michael I Of Romania
Michael I ( ro, Mihai I ; 25 October 1921 – 5 December 2017) was the last King of Romania, reigning from 20 July 1927 to 8 June 1930 and again from 6 September 1940 until his forced abdication on 30 December 1947. Shortly after Michael's birth, his father, Crown Prince Carol of Romania, had become involved in a controversial relationship with Magda Lupescu. In 1925, Carol was pressured to renounce his rights to the throne and moved to Paris in exile with Lupescu. In 1927, Michael ascended the throne, following the death of his grandfather King Ferdinand I. As Michael was still a minor, a regency council was instituted, composed of his uncle Prince Nicolae, Patriarch Miron Cristea and the president of the Supreme Court, Gheorghe Buzdugan. The council proved to be ineffective and, in 1930, Carol returned to Romania and replaced his son as monarch, reigning as Carol II. As a result, Michael returned to being heir apparent to the throne and was given the additional title of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liga III
The Liga 3, most often spelled as Liga III, is the third level of the Romanian football league system. Its name was changed from Divizia C to Liga III before the start of the 2006–07 season. It was the first in this format (six series of 18 teams each).Cotidianul''Divizia A a fost mitraliată'' (The "A Division" was gunned down) accessed on 3 February 2007 Current format Since the 2014–2015 season Liga III was reorganized from 6 to 5 parallel regional divisions, each with 16 teams. Relegation The bottom four teams from each division are relegated at the end of the season to the Liga IV. From the 12th placed teams, the team with the least points is relegated. To determine these teams, separate standings are computed, using only the games played against clubs ranked 1st through 11th. Promotion Since the 2006–2007 season, the winners of each division got promoted to the 2007–08 Liga II season. There were also two playoff tournaments held at neutral venues involving the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aiud Prison
Aiud Prison is a prison complex in Aiud, Alba County, located in central Transylvania, Romania. It is infamous for the treatment of its political inmates, especially during World War II under the rule of Ion Antonescu, and later under the Communist regime. History Early days The first mention of the structure dates from 1786. From 1839 to 1849 it served as prison next to the Aiud court of law. After being devastated by fire in January 1849, a new prison was built in 1857, and completed in 1860. An isolation unit, named Zarca (from the Hungarian zárka, meaning solitary), was added in 1881–1882. Finally, between 1889–1892, a T-shaped unit with 312 individual cells was erected. The interwar and World War II During the period 1926–1943, some 143 Communist activists were imprisoned at Aiud peninteciary. Moreover, after the defeat of the Legionnaires' rebellion in 1941, Iron Guard members were also detained there. The largest number of political prisoners held at Aiud during ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jilava Prison
Jilava is a commune in Ilfov county, Muntenia, Romania, near Bucharest. It is composed of a single village, Jilava. The name derives from a Romanian word of Slavic origin ( Bulgarian жилав ''žilav'' (tough), which passed into Romanian as ''jilav'') meaning "humid place". In this commune there is an operating prison and also the Fort 13 Jilava. Fort 13 Jilava Jilava was the location of a fort built by King Carol I of Romania, as part of the capital's defense system. At a later date, the fort was converted into a prison. It is now a historical monument. This prison is the site where, on November 26–27, 1940, the Iron Guard authorities of the National Legionary State killed 64 political prisoners as revenge for the previous killing of their leader Corneliu Zelea Codreanu (see '' Jilava Massacre''); it was also here that Ion Antonescu, dictator (''Conducător'') of Romania during World War II, was executed for war crimes in 1946 and where on 23 October 1971 the serial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fascism
Fascism is a far-right, authoritarian, ultra-nationalist political ideology and movement,: "extreme militaristic nationalism, contempt for electoral democracy and political and cultural liberalism, a belief in natural social hierarchy and the rule of elites, and the desire to create a (German: “people’s community”), in which individual interests would be subordinated to the good of the nation" characterized by a dictatorial leader, centralized autocracy, militarism, forcible suppression of opposition, belief in a natural social hierarchy, subordination of individual interests for the perceived good of the nation and race, and strong regimentation of society and the economy. Fascism rose to prominence in early 20th-century Europe. The first fascist movements emerged in Italy during World War I, before spreading to other European countries, most notably Germany. Fascism also had adherents outside of Europe. Opposed to anarchism, democracy, pluralism, liberalism ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ștefan Cârjan
Ștefan Cârjan (10 May 1909 – 18 November 1978) was a Romanian football left winger and manager. Life and career He was born in Bucharest, in the Dracului neighborhood. Cârjan played over 20 years for Unirea Tricolor București, winning the 1940–41 Divizia A title as a player-coach. In 1947, after the Communist regime came in Romania, the Ministry of Internal Affairs wanted Unirea Tricolor to merge with Ciocanul București in order to found Dinamo București. Cârjan, together with the club's president Valeriu Negulescu and player-secretary Constantin Anghelache opposed the merger. All three of them were sent to jail for their past membership in or suspected sympathy for the fascist Iron Guard; in particular, Cârjan was accused of harboring Iron Guard members after their failed rebellion. Constantin Anghelache and former coach Gheorghe Constantin claimed the arrests were the result of their opposition to the merger. In 1948 Cârjan received a ten years sentence which ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
FC Dinamo București
Fotbal Club Dinamo București (), commonly known as Dinamo București or simply Dinamo, is a Romanian professional association football, football club based in Bucharest. Founded in 1948, they have spent almost List of unrelegated association football clubs, their entire history in Romanian football league system, Romania's top tier, the Liga I. Domestically, Dinamo București is one of the two most successful teams in the country, having won 18 Liga I, 13 Cupa României, two Supercupa României, and one Cupa Ligii. In the European Cup 1983-84, 1983–84 season, they became the first Romanian club to reach the semi-finals of the UEFA Champions League, European Cup. Dinamo's traditional home colours are white and red, while the current crest is a modified version of the one adopted in the 1998. Their home venue is Stadionul Dinamo, although significant matches are also played at Arena Națională. Their bitter rivals are neighbouring FC Steaua București, with the matches between ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maccabi București
Maccabi or Macabi București, later known as Ciocanul, was a Romanian sport club, representing the Jewish community, akin to the famous Hakoah Vienna. Named after the Maccabees and centering on football competitions, it was the first Jewish side to send a player, the goalkeeper Samuel Zauber, to the FIFA World Cup (at its 1930 edition in Uruguay). History Maccabi București was founded in 1919 by a Jewish entrepreneur at a time when representatives of the ethnic minorities of Greater Romania established distinctive football sides (another such example was Elpis Constanţa, which was owned by a Greek-Romanian businessman). In 1925, a women's seven-a-side handball team was inaugurated as a branch of the Maccabi club, but, like all Romanian teams of the time, only played exhibition games (usually, as a prelude to competitive football matches). Before the 1940–1941 season, at a time when Romania adopted antisemitic policies, the club was expelled from official competitions. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of Internal Affairs (Romania)
The Ministry of Internal Affairs of Romania ( ro, Ministerul Afacerilor Interne) is one of the eighteen ministries of the Government of Romania. From 23 August 1944 to 18 March 1975 the ministry held the title of ''Minister of Internal Affairs'', between 2004 and 2007, held the title of ''Minister of Administration and Interior'', and since April 2007, ''Minister of Interior and Administrative Reform''. In December 2008, the Boc government changed the name back to ''Ministry of Administration and Interior''. Until 2006, the ministry was housed near Lipscani in ''Palatul Vama Poştei'', built between 1914 and 1926 according to the architect Statie Ciortan's plans. In 2006 the ministry moved into the former building of the Senate on Revolution Square. Subordinated structures * Romanian Police * Romanian Inspectorate for Emergency Situations * Romanian Border Police * Romanian Gendarmerie * Romanian National Archives * General Directorate for Intelligence and Internal Secu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Socialist Republic Of Romania
The Socialist Republic of Romania ( ro, Republica Socialistă România, RSR) was a Marxist–Leninist one-party socialist state that existed officially in Romania from 1947 to 1989. From 1947 to 1965, the state was known as the Romanian People's Republic (, RPR). The country was an Eastern Bloc state and a member of the Warsaw Pact with a dominant role for the Romanian Communist Party enshrined in its constitutions. Geographically, RSR was bordered by the Black Sea to the east, the Soviet Union (via the Ukrainian and Moldavian SSRs) to the north and east, Hungary and Yugoslavia (via SR Serbia) to the west, and Bulgaria to the south. As World War II ended, Romania, a former Axis member which had overthrown the Axis, was occupied by the Soviet Union, the sole representative of the Allies. On 6 March 1945, after mass demonstrations by communist sympathizers and political pressure from the Soviet representative of the Allied Control Commission, a new pro-Soviet government ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eastern Front (World War II)
The Eastern Front of World War II was a theatre of conflict between the European Axis powers against the Soviet Union (USSR), Poland and other Allies, which encompassed Central Europe, Eastern Europe, Northeast Europe ( Baltics), and Southeast Europe (Balkans) from 22 June 1941 to 9 May 1945. It was known as the Great Patriotic War in the Soviet Union – and still is in some of its successor states, while almost everywhere else it has been called the ''Eastern Front''. In present-day German and Ukrainian historiography the name German-Soviet War is typically used. The battles on the Eastern Front of the Second World War constituted the largest military confrontation in history. They were characterised by unprecedented ferocity and brutality, wholesale destruction, mass deportations, and immense loss of life due to combat, starvation, exposure, disease, and massacres. Of the estimated 70–85 million deaths attributed to World War II, around 30 million occurred on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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