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All Wheel Drive
An all-wheel drive vehicle (AWD vehicle) is one with a powertrain capable of providing power to all its wheels, whether full-time or on-demand. Types The most common forms of all-wheel drive are: ;1x1 : All unicycles Reflects one axle with one wheel capable of being powered. ; 2x2 : Some motorcycles and bikes Reflects two axles with one wheel on each capable of being powered. ;4×4 (also, four-wheel drive or 4WD): Reflects two axles with both wheels on each capable of being powered. ; 6×6 (also, six-wheel drive or 6WD): Reflects three axles with both wheels on each capable of being powered. ;8×8 (also, eight-wheel drive or 8WD): Reflects four axles with both wheels on each capable of being powered. Vehicles may be either part-time all-wheel drive or full-time: ;On-demand or Part-time: One axle is permanently connected to the drive, the other is connected as needed ;Full-time or Permanent: All axles are permanently connected, with or without a differential. ;Independen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jeep Wrangler TJ
Jeep is an American automobile brand, now owned by multi-national corporation Stellantis. Jeep has been part of Chrysler since 1987, when Chrysler acquired the Jeep brand, along with other assets, from its previous owner, American Motors Corporation (AMC). Jeep's current product range consists solely of sport utility vehicles—both Crossover (automobile), crossovers and fully off-road vehicle, off-road worthy SUVs and models, including one pickup truck. Previously, Jeep's range included other pick-ups, as well as small vans, and a few Roadster (automobile), roadsters. Some of Jeep's vehicles—such as the Jeep Grand Cherokee, Grand Cherokee—reach into the luxury SUV segment, a market segment the 1963 Jeep Wagoneer (SJ), Wagoneer is considered to have started. Jeep sold 1.4 million SUVs globally in 2016, up from 500,000 in 2008, two-thirds of which in North America, and was Fiat-Chrysler's best selling brand in the U.S. during the first half of 2017. In the U.S. alone, over ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dog Clutch
A dog clutch (also known as a dog box, dog gears, dog ring, clutch dog, or positive clutch) is a type of clutch that couples two rotating shafts or other rotating components by engagement of interlocking teeth or dogs rather than by friction. The two parts of the clutch are designed such that one will push the other, causing both to rotate at the same speed and will never slip. In engineering, a "dog" is a tool or device used to lock two components in relation to each other. Dog clutches are used where slip is undesirable and/or the clutch is not used to control torque. Without slippage, dog clutches are not affected by wear in the same way that friction clutches are, but result in shock when shafts of different speeds are engaged. For this reason they are best used when sudden starting action is acceptable and the inertia of the system is small. Dog clutches are used inside constant-mesh manual transmissions to lock different gears to the rotating input and output shafts. A s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
H-drive
An H-drive drivetrain is a system used for heavy off-road vehicles with Six-wheel drive, 6×6 or Eight-wheel drive, 8×8 drive to supply power to each wheel station. H-drives do not use axles but rather individual wheel stations, usually carried on a punt chassis. A single differential (mechanical device), differential splits the drive into separate left and right drive shafts, which each run fore and aft inside the bottom corners of the chassis. At each wheel station a bevel gear, bevel box drives the half shaft out to the wheel. Advantages * Each wheel station has independent suspension. * Greater ground clearance than conventional axles, as there is no central housing for the differential and final drive. * Lower unsprung weight as only the halfshafts are carried, not the centre differential of an axle. * Only one differential is required; however, this also requires that final drive to transmit all of the vehicle's torque. * Losing traction with one wheel still retains trac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Front-wheel Drive
Front-wheel drive (FWD) is a form of internal combustion engine, engine and transmission (mechanics), transmission layout used in motor vehicles, in which the engine drives the front wheels only. Most modern front-wheel-drive vehicles feature a transverse engine, rather than the conventional longitudinal engine arrangement generally found in automobile layout#Rear wheel drive layouts, rear-wheel-drive and four-wheel drive, four-wheel-drive vehicles. Location of engine and transmission By far the most common layout for a front-wheel-drive car is with the engine and transmission at the front of the car, mounted transversely. Other layouts of front-wheel drive that have been occasionally produced are a front-engine mounted longitudinally, a mid-engine layout and a rear-engine layout. History Prior to 1900 Experiments with front-wheel-drive cars date to the early days of the automobile. The world's first self-propelled vehicle, Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot's 1769/1770 Nicola ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
All-terrain Vehicle
An all-terrain vehicle (ATV), also known as a light utility vehicle (LUV), a quad bike or quad (if it has four wheels), as defined by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), is a vehicle that travels on low-pressure tires, has a seat that is straddled by the operator, and has handlebars, similar to a motorcycle. As the name implies, it is designed to handle a wider variety of terrain than most other vehicles. It is street-legal in some countries, but not in most states, territories and provinces of Australia, the United States, and Canada. By the current ANSI definition, ATVs are intended for use by a single operator, but some ATVs, referred to as tandem ATVs, have been developed for use by the driver and one passenger. The rider sits on and operates these vehicles like a motorcycle, but the extra wheels give more stability at slower speeds. Although most are equipped with three or four wheels, six or eight wheel (tracked) models exist and have existed historicall ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Range Rover Classic
The Range Rover is a Four-wheel drive, 4x4, mid-size off-road vehicle series produced from 1970 to 1996 – initially by the Rover Company, Rover (later Land Rover) division of British Leyland, and latterly by the Rover Group. The first generation of vehicles produced under the Range Rover name, it was built as a two-door model for its first 11 years, until a four-door also became available in 1981. The Range Rover then successfully moved upmarket during the 1980s, and remarkably debuted in the U.S. as a 17-year old model at the 1987 Los Angeles Auto Show. Availability of the two-door version was restricted from 1984, but it remained in production for some markets until 1994, when the second generation was launched. From that moment, Land Rover rebranded the original model under the term Range Rover Classic, to distinguish it from its new Range Rover (P38A), P38A successor, when the two were briefly built alongside, and applied the name retrospectively to all first-generation Ra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Viscous Coupling
A viscous coupling is a mechanical device which transfers torque and rotation by the medium of a viscous fluid. Design Rotary viscous couplings with interleaved, perforated plates and filled with viscous fluids are used in automotive systems to transmit torque. The device consists of a number of circular plates with tabs or perforations, fitted very close to each other in a sealed drum. Alternate plates are connected to a driving shaft at one end of the assembly and a driven shaft at the other end. The drum is filled with a dilatant fluid, often silicone-based, to about 80% by volume. When the two sets of plates are rotating in unison, the fluid stays cool and remains liquid. When the plates start rotating at different speeds, the shear effect of the tabs or perforations on the fluid will cause it to heat and become nearly solid because the viscosity Viscosity is a measure of a fluid's rate-dependent drag (physics), resistance to a change in shape or to movement of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Drivetrain
A drivetrain (also frequently spelled as drive train or sometimes drive-train) or transmission system, is the group of components that deliver mechanical power from the prime mover to the driven components. In automotive engineering, the drivetrain is the components of a motor vehicle that deliver power to the drive wheels. This excludes the engine or motor that generates the power. In marine applications, the drive shaft will drive a propeller, thruster, or waterjet rather than a drive axle, while the actual engine might be similar to an automotive engine. Other machinery, equipment and vehicles may also use a drivetrain to deliver power from the engine(s) to the driven components. In contrast, the powertrain is considered to include both the engine and/or motor(s) as well as the drivetrain. Function The function of the drivetrain is to couple the engine that produces the power to the driving wheels that use this mechanical power to rotate the axle. This connection inv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quattro (four-wheel-drive System)
Quattro (meaning ''four'' in Italian language, Italian and stylized as quattro) is the trademark used by the automotive industry, automotive brand Audi to indicate that all-wheel drive (AWD) technologies or systems are used on specific models of its automobiles.Audi.com - Glossarquattro The word "quattro" is a registered trademark of Audi AG, a subsidiary of the Germany, German automotive enterprise, Volkswagen Group. Quattro was first introduced in 1980 on the permanent four-wheel drive Audi Quattro model, often referred to as the ''wiktionary:Ur, Ur-Quattro'' (meaning "original" or "first"). The term quattro has since been applied to all subsequent Audi AWD models. Due to the nomenclature rights derived from the trademark, the word quattro is now always spelled with a lower case "q" by the manufacturer, in honour of its former namesake. Other companies in the Volkswagen Group have used different trademarks for their 4WD vehicles. While Audi has always used the term "quatt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Subaru Leone
The Subaru Leone is a compact car produced by the Japanese automaker, car manufacturer Subaru from 1971 to 1994. The word ''leone'' is Italian for lion. It was released as a replacement for the Subaru 1000 and was the predecessor of the Subaru Impreza. All Leones were powered by the Subaru EA engine, Subaru EA Flat engine, boxer engine. Most cars were equipped with optional four-wheel drive. At the time of its introduction, the Leone was Subaru's top model until 1989, when the larger Subaru Legacy, Legacy was introduced. Although released in Japan and some export markets as the Leone, for many years, this was the only vehicle sold internationally by Subaru where the smaller kei cars Subaru Rex, Rex, Subaru Vivio, Vivio, Subaru R-2, R-2, Subaru 360, 360, and Subaru Sambar, Sambar were not commonly sold. As a result, in major markets such as Australia, Europe and North America, it was instead identified with a trim level designation, some of which included: DL, GL, GLF, GLF5, GL-10, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
AMC Eagle
The AMC Eagle is a compact four-wheel drive passenger vehicle manufactured and marketed in a single generation by American Motors Corporation (AMC) for model years 1980 through 1987 and continued by Chrysler, Chrysler Corporation following its acquisition of AMC in 1987, for the 1988 model year. Introduced in August 1979 for the 1980 model year, the coupe, sedan, and station wagon body styles were based on the AMC Concord. In 1981, the two-door subcompact-sized AMC Spirit-based models, the SX/4 and Kammback, joined the Eagle line aimed at both first-time buyers and fleet sales. A Sundancer convertible (car), convertible conversion for the larger Eagle two-door model was available during 1981 and 1982. By 1984, only sedan and station wagon versions were available. For 1988, its final model year, only a station wagon was offered, marketed as the "Eagle Wagon". However, the name continued to be used by Chrysler Corporation as the Eagle (automobile), Eagle brand of cars through 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jensen FF
The Jensen FF is a four-wheel drive grand tourer produced by British car manufacturer Jensen Motors between 1966 and 1971. It was the first non all-terrain production car equipped with four-wheel drive and an anti-lock braking system. The powertrain was sourced from Chrysler, installing the second generation V8 engine and 3-speed '' TorqueFlite A727'' automatic transmission. The use of four-wheel drive in a passenger car preceded the successful AMC Eagle by thirteen years, the Audi Quattro by fourteen years, and the Subaru Leone by five years. The Dunlop Maxaret mechanical anti-lock braking system had previously been used only on aircraft, lorries, and racing cars. An experimental version was first fitted to the earlier Jensen C-V8, but this did not go into production. The letters FF stand for ''Ferguson Formula'', after Ferguson Research Ltd., who invented the car's four-wheel drive system. The FF is related to the similar-looking, rear-wheel drive Jensen Interceptor, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
