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Villeneuve-Saint-Georges () is a Communes of France, commune in the southeastern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the Kilometre Zero, centre of Paris. People from Villeneuve-Saint-Georges are called ''Villeneuvois'' in French.
On the eve of the First World War, Villeneuve-Saint-Georges had more than 10,000 inhabitants. It was the first railway town in the country with the largest sorting in Europe. The Foyer and HBM sets were built at this time.
On 30 July 1908, following the calls for Draveil-Villeneuve-Saint-Georges strike, a 24-hour general strike launched by the General Confederation of Labour (France), General Confederation of Labour to demand a 10-hour day, weekly rest, a salary increase and the end of Piece work, thousands of demonstrators gathered in Vigneux-sur-Seine and Draveil, then converged in the town where a violent confrontation took place between the National Gendarmerie and the workers. The result fight left four dead and more than 200 injured among the workers, and 69 injured on the side of the forces of order. A local odonym (“Place du 30-Juillet-1908”) recalls these events. The next day, Georges Clemenceau ordered the arrest of thirty leaders of the CGT, including its general secretary Victor Griffuelhes, to neutralize the union.
A painting by Théodore Rousseau, titled ''La Seine à Villeneuve-Saint-Georges'', which was in the Palais des Beaux-Arts de Lille, Palais des Beaux-Arts in Lille was destroyed in 1916.
During the First World War, Villeneuve-Saint-Georges hosted the 232nd Territorial Infantry Regiment (normally quartered in Argentan). The school hospital becomes the Auxiliary Hospital of the Military Wounded Relief Society (HASSBM) No.42, while the Ferry School Group becomes the Auxiliary Hospital of the Ladies of France Association (HAADF) No.248.
:fr:Accident ferroviaire de Villeneuve-Saint-Georges, A train derailment on 30 July 1937 killed 29 people and injured 111 others at the junction between the Paris-Marseille railway, Brunoy and :fr:Gare de Corbeil-Essonnes, Corbeil lines. The accident happened soon after the introduction of paid leave in France and many of the victims were traveling on vacation.
During the Second World War, the city was bombarded by Allied aircraft because the Wehrmacht used the railway installations. Many Resistance fighters are also killed after the “Triage sabotage”. After these events, a new demographic surge saw the construction of large housing estates in the North part of Villeneuve.
On 1 January 1968 Villeneuve-Saint-Georges, which until then had been part of the department of Seine-et-Oise, became one of the municipalities of the new Val-de-Marne.
Official website
(in French) {{DEFAULTSORT:Villeneuvesaintgeorges Communes of Val-de-Marne Val-de-Marne communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia
History
Prehistory and Antiquity
Villeneuve-Saint-Georges was settled during the Paleolithic and the Neolithic ages at the meeting of the Yerres (river), Yerres and the Seine rivers, as well at Triage, with evidence from archeological remains found by Francis Martin in the 19th century, which includes flints and some stone tools. After the battle of Melun during the Roman Empire, the area was integrated into the Roman Empire. A small town was built around the area, with the name of ''Villa Nova'' (Latin for ''new house'').Middle Ages
In the Middle Ages, Villeneuve-Saint-Georges was a possession of Saint-Germain-des-Prés (abbey), the abbey of Saint-Germain-des-Prés. The addition of "Saint-Georges" in the name of the commune was after the remains of Martyrs of Córdoba#List of Martyrs, Saint George was brought back in AD 858. The strategic position on the road between Paris towards the cities of Melun, Clermont-Ferrand and Lyon made it a transport hub and wan regularly visited and traversed by kings and dukes. The importance of the towns led it to be plundered, raided and besieged many times, including during the Hundred Years' War. The city mostly relied on farming and wine-making for income.Renaissance and Modern Times
During the Siege of Paris (1590), Siege of Paris in 1590, Captain Saint-Paul forced his way into Villeneuve-Saint-Georges and killed the 200-300 men under the name of Henry IV of France who were garrisoned there, whilst delivering food and assistance to the besieged people in Paris. During the modern times, Villeneuve became a bourgeois city. Mansions, like the castles of Beauregard and Bellevue were built in the area, and people of the higher classes visited Villeneuve, like Henry IV of France, Catherine de' Medici and Marie de Rabutin-Chantal, marquise de Sévigné, Mme of Sévigné. In 1652, Louis, Grand Condé, The Prince of Condé rebelled, and Charles IV of France, Charles IV sent Henri de La Tour d'Auvergne, Viscount of Turenne, Turenne to confront him. A battle took place between them in the area.Revolution and the 19th Century
During the Revolution, the national guard was created and the church was looted. Shortly after that Villeneuve became a quiet town again. Many people came to live in Villeneuve, including composers (Boieldieu), painters (Francesco Casanova, Karl Joseph Kuwasseg) naturalists (Charles Athanase Walckenaer), ministers (Victor Duruy), ceramists (Jean-Paul Louis Chesnel-Larossière), and ambassadors (Louis-Jules Mancini-Mazarini). Many personalities, such as Napoleon, Joachim Murat and Prince Eugène, also stopped in Villeneuve. In 1876, Fort Villeneuve was built to protect Paris in anticipation of a future war. The establishment of the railway in 1847 transformed the city, with the agricultural village very quickly became a working-class town.20th Century
On the eve of the First World War, Villeneuve-Saint-Georges had more than 10,000 inhabitants. It was the first railway town in the country with the largest sorting in Europe. The Foyer and HBM sets were built at this time.
On 30 July 1908, following the calls for Draveil-Villeneuve-Saint-Georges strike, a 24-hour general strike launched by the General Confederation of Labour (France), General Confederation of Labour to demand a 10-hour day, weekly rest, a salary increase and the end of Piece work, thousands of demonstrators gathered in Vigneux-sur-Seine and Draveil, then converged in the town where a violent confrontation took place between the National Gendarmerie and the workers. The result fight left four dead and more than 200 injured among the workers, and 69 injured on the side of the forces of order. A local odonym (“Place du 30-Juillet-1908”) recalls these events. The next day, Georges Clemenceau ordered the arrest of thirty leaders of the CGT, including its general secretary Victor Griffuelhes, to neutralize the union.
A painting by Théodore Rousseau, titled ''La Seine à Villeneuve-Saint-Georges'', which was in the Palais des Beaux-Arts de Lille, Palais des Beaux-Arts in Lille was destroyed in 1916.
During the First World War, Villeneuve-Saint-Georges hosted the 232nd Territorial Infantry Regiment (normally quartered in Argentan). The school hospital becomes the Auxiliary Hospital of the Military Wounded Relief Society (HASSBM) No.42, while the Ferry School Group becomes the Auxiliary Hospital of the Ladies of France Association (HAADF) No.248.
:fr:Accident ferroviaire de Villeneuve-Saint-Georges, A train derailment on 30 July 1937 killed 29 people and injured 111 others at the junction between the Paris-Marseille railway, Brunoy and :fr:Gare de Corbeil-Essonnes, Corbeil lines. The accident happened soon after the introduction of paid leave in France and many of the victims were traveling on vacation.
During the Second World War, the city was bombarded by Allied aircraft because the Wehrmacht used the railway installations. Many Resistance fighters are also killed after the “Triage sabotage”. After these events, a new demographic surge saw the construction of large housing estates in the North part of Villeneuve.
On 1 January 1968 Villeneuve-Saint-Georges, which until then had been part of the department of Seine-et-Oise, became one of the municipalities of the new Val-de-Marne.
21st Century
The town, compared to the rest of Val-de-Marne, is perceived as noisy and undesirable place to go. It has lost its charm during the 18th and 19th centuries, and starting from 1980 workers have deserted the city, leaving a mostly immigrant population, most from the Maghreb and Subsaharan Africa. The Route nationale 6 cuts through the commune and runs parallel to the Réseau Express Régional, RER line, producing much noise. The N6 is also famous for having long traffic jams at the junction between the N6, N406 and the A86 autoroute, A86 Ring road.Transport
Villeneuve-Saint-Georges is served by two stations on Paris RER D, RER line D: Villeneuve-Triage (Paris RER), Villeneuve-Triage and Villeneuve-Saint-Georges (Paris RER), Villeneuve-Saint-Georges. It is also the site of the :fr:Gare de triage de Villeneuve-Saint-Georges, Villeneuve-Saint-Georges marshalling yard.Demography
Education
The commune is served by multiple primary schools. Secondary schools: * Three junior high schools: Collège Pierre-Brossolette, Collège Jules-Ferry, Collège Roland-Garros * One senior high school: :fr:Lycée François-Arago (Perpignan), Lycée François AragoTwin towns – sister cities
Villeneuve-Saint-Georges is Sister city, twinned with: * Borough of Eastleigh, Eastleigh, England, United Kingdom * Kornwestheim, GermanyNotable people
*Jérémy Cordoval, footballer *Jacques Faty, footballer *Ricardo Faty, French-Senegalese footballer *Georges Grignard, racing driver *Yoan Gouffran, footballer *Maxence Lacroix, footballer *Geoffrey Lembet, French-Central African footballer *Gérard Pussey, writer *Therry Racon, footballer *MC Solaar, hip hop and rap artist *Mickaël Tavares, French-Senegalese footballer *Patrick Pelloux, emergency physician *Cécile Duflot, member of French National Assembly for Paris and Minister of Housing in 2012–2014 *Niska (rapper), Niska, hip hop and rap artist *Lucas Gourna-Douath, footballerSee also
*Communes of the Val-de-Marne departmentReferences
External links
Official website
(in French) {{DEFAULTSORT:Villeneuvesaintgeorges Communes of Val-de-Marne Val-de-Marne communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia