Mirza Adeeb : (

Punjab Punjab (; ; also romanised as Panjāb or Panj-Āb) is a geopolitical, cultural, and historical region in South Asia. It is located in the northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent, comprising areas of modern-day eastern Pakistan and no ...

, —; 4 April 1914 – 31 July 1999), also known as Meerza Adeeb, (—), was a Pakistani dramatist, playwright and short story writer who wrote in

Urdu Urdu (; , , ) is an Indo-Aryan languages, Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in South Asia. It is the Languages of Pakistan, national language and ''lingua franca'' of Pakistan. In India, it is an Eighth Schedule to the Constitution of Indi ...

and

Punjabi Punjabi, or Panjabi, most often refers to: * Something of, from, or related to Punjab, a region in India and Pakistan * Punjabi language * Punjabis, Punjabi people * Punjabi dialects and languages Punjabi may also refer to: * Punjabi (horse), a ...

languages. His plays and short stories won him six prizes and awards from the Pakistan Writers' Guild.

Name

Mirza Adeeb's

birth name The birth name is the name of the person given upon their birth. The term may be applied to the surname, the given name or to the entire name. Where births are required to be officially registered, the entire name entered onto a births registe ...

was Mirza Dilawer Ali, but he came to be known in the literary world as Mirza Adeeb. (

Mirza Mirza may refer to: * Mirza (name), a name derived from a historical royal and noble title * ''Mirza'' (lemur), a genus of giant mouse lemurs * "Mirza", a 1965 French-language song by Nino Ferrer * Mirza, Kamrup, a town in Assam, India * Mirza me ...

denotes the rank of a high

nobleman Nobility is a social class found in many societies that have an aristocracy. It is normally appointed by and ranked immediately below royalty. Nobility has often been an estate of the realm with many exclusive functions and characteristics. T ...

or Prince,The derivation of which word is from Emir – and . and ''Adeeb'' means 'Litterateur').

Early life

He was born on 4 April 1914, in

Lahore Lahore ( ; ; ) is the capital and largest city of the Administrative units of Pakistan, Pakistani province of Punjab, Pakistan, Punjab. It is the List of cities in Pakistan by population, second-largest city in Pakistan, after Karachi, and ...

British India The provinces of India, earlier presidencies of British India and still earlier, presidency towns, were the administrative divisions of British governance in South Asia. Collectively, they have been called British India. In one form or another ...

to Mirza Basheer Ali. He attended Government Islamia High School,

Bhati Gate Bhati Gate (; ) is one of the historic thirteen gates of the Walled City of Lahore in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Bhati Gate also serves as a union council located in the Ravi Zone. The gate is located near Data Darbar and is similar in desig ...

. He got his

Bachelor of Arts A Bachelor of Arts (abbreviated B.A., BA, A.B. or AB; from the Latin ', ', or ') is the holder of a bachelor's degree awarded for an undergraduate program in the liberal arts, or, in some cases, other disciplines. A Bachelor of Arts deg ...

degree from Islamia College,

. He initially focused on

poetry Poetry (from the Greek language, Greek word ''poiesis'', "making") is a form of literature, literary art that uses aesthetics, aesthetic and often rhythmic qualities of language to evoke meaning (linguistics), meanings in addition to, or in ...

, then devoted himself to playwriting.

Career

Plays

At first, being influenced by the —, he wrote romantic prose. Later, he switched to writing plays about everyday events and incidents taking place in society, focusing more on social problems and common public issues. His later works were pragmatist and verisimilitudinous. He used simple and everyday language in his plays, which enabled them to get a greater audience. Moreover, he had begun writing one-act dramas, which made them easier to broadcast over radio and television. When he affiliated himself with

Radio Pakistan The Pakistan Broadcasting Corporation (); also known as ''Radio Pakistan'', serves as the national public broadcaster for radio in Pakistan. Although some local stations predate its founding, it is the oldest existing broadcasting network in P ...

, many of his plays were

broadcast Broadcasting is the data distribution, distribution of sound, audio audiovisual content to dispersed audiences via a electronic medium (communication), mass communications medium, typically one using the electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves), ...

and they gained popularity among the masses. He is listed as a prominent Urdu playwright of the

Modern Era The modern era or the modern period is considered the current historical period of human history. It was originally applied to the history of Europe and Western history for events that came after the Middle Ages, often from around the year 1500 ...

Other works

His main works, other than dramas, include stories and biographies. He also wrote critical essays and commentaries on books, besides writing columns in newspapers. He was also influenced by the —. He was also the editor of magazines, of which the most notable is —. He also translated some American stories to

Style

Following are the main features of Mirza Adeeb's style of writing: * Objectivity: His plays had a strong sense of objectivity in them. * Riveting dialogues: The dialogues he chose were grounded, yet captivating. Each character spoke according to his/her social status and his dramas did not contain artificial, literary dialogues. His dialogues also contained witty repartees and striking replies. * Versatility: His story lines include a variety of topics, taken from the prosaic lives on common people. * Pragmatism: Rather than focusing on

characterisation Characterization or characterisation is the representation of characters (persons, creatures, or other beings) in narrative and dramatic works. The term character development is sometimes used as a synonym. This representation may include dire ...

, as did many of his contemporaries, he focused more on events. * Humanitarianism: His plays and stories have a humanitarian and philanthropic outlook.

Works

* His selective drama-collections are: * , * , * , * , * , * m', (1967) * , and * , * His selective short-story collections are: * , * , * , * , * Sharfoo Ki Kahani, * Wo Larki Kon Thi, * His collection of personal biographies is: * , * , is his autobiography.

Awards

* Presidential Award for playwriting, 1969 *

Pride of Performance The Pride of Performance (), officially known as the Presidential Pride of Performance, is an award bestowed by the Pakistan, Islamic Republic of Pakistan to recognize people with "notable achievements in the field of art, science, literature, sp ...

Award for literature in 1981Mirza Adeeb profile on urduyouthforum.org website
Retrieved 10 August 2019 * His play, (1967), won him the (— Adamjee Literary Award) in 1968

Death

Mirza Adeeb died on 31 July 1999 in

, Pakistan at age 85.

Notes

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Adeeb, Mirza 1914 births 1999 deaths Pakistani dramatists and playwrights Pakistani male short story writers Muslim writers Government Islamia College alumni Pakistani progressives Punjabi-language writers Urdu-language short story writers Punjabi Muslims Writers from Lahore Recipients of the Adamjee Literary Award Recipients of the Pride of Performance 20th-century dramatists and playwrights 20th-century Pakistani short story writers 20th-century Pakistani male writers