Yuno Semyonov
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Yuno Shaulovich Semyonov (; 1899–1961) was a
Soviet Union The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...
prose writer, playwright and artistic director. He wrote in the
Judeo-Tat Judeo-Tat or Juhuri (, , ) is a Judeo-Persian dialect and the traditional language spoken by the Mountain Jews in the eastern Caucasus Mountains, especially Azerbaijan, parts of Russia and today in Israel. It belongs to the southwestern group ...
language. His work was characterized by plays on the topics of the day, full of sarcasm and humor. He was one of the founders of the Judeo-Tat theatre in
Derbent Derbent, also historically known as Darband, or Derbend, is the southernmost city in Russia. It is situated along the southeastern coast of the Dagestan, Republic of Dagestan, occupying the narrow gateway between the Caspian Sea and the Caucas ...
.Yuno Semyonov - poet and front-line soldier - GORSKIE.ru
/ref> In 1915 he graduated from the
Russian Russian(s) may refer to: *Russians (), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries *A citizen of Russia *Russian language, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages *''The Russians'', a b ...
-
Judeo-Tat Judeo-Tat or Juhuri (, , ) is a Judeo-Persian dialect and the traditional language spoken by the Mountain Jews in the eastern Caucasus Mountains, especially Azerbaijan, parts of Russia and today in Israel. It belongs to the southwestern group ...
School, received a law degree in
Saint Petersburg Saint Petersburg, formerly known as Petrograd and later Leningrad, is the List of cities and towns in Russia by population, second-largest city in Russia after Moscow. It is situated on the Neva, River Neva, at the head of the Gulf of Finland ...
. He worked as a typesetter in the printing house of the Derbent city newspaper, which was published in Russian. During the
Russian Civil War The Russian Civil War () was a multi-party civil war in the former Russian Empire sparked by the 1917 overthrowing of the Russian Provisional Government in the October Revolution, as many factions vied to determine Russia's political future. I ...
, he fought on the side of the
Bolsheviks The Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin, were a radical Faction (political), faction of the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) which split with the Mensheviks at the 2nd Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party, ...
, becoming famous as a red partisan. After the civil war, he returned to his previous job. Since 1932, he published nine plays. In 1936, Yuno Semyonov moved to
Baku Baku (, ; ) is the Capital city, capital and List of cities in Azerbaijan, largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and in the Caucasus region. Baku is below sea level, which makes it the List of capital ci ...
with his family. There he worked for the newspaper ''()'' - "Communist". Later, he moved back to his hometown. He worked in the newspaper '' The Toiler'' in the
Judeo-Tat Judeo-Tat or Juhuri (, , ) is a Judeo-Persian dialect and the traditional language spoken by the Mountain Jews in the eastern Caucasus Mountains, especially Azerbaijan, parts of Russia and today in Israel. It belongs to the southwestern group ...
language.
and Budapest. After the war, Yuno Semyonov worked at a winery, as well as in various leadership positions. Later, under the pretext of being a relative of a traitor of motherland, he was removed from his job. Yuno Semyonov died in 1961 on a train to
Volgograd Volgograd,. formerly Tsaritsyn. (1589–1925) and Stalingrad. (1925–1961), is the largest city and the administrative centre of Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The city lies on the western bank of the Volga, covering an area of , with a population ...
and was buried in his native city Derbent. His plays are staged in the Judeo-Tat theatre of Derbent to this day.


Theatrical activity

In 1920 in Derbent, Yuno Semyonov headed a drama circle of the
Mountain Jewish Mountain Jews are the Mizrahi Jews, Mizrahi Jewish subgroup of the eastern and northern Caucasus, mainly Azerbaijan, and various republics in the Russian Federation: Chechnya, Ingushetia, Dagestan, Karachay-Cherkessia, and Kabardino-Balkaria. M ...
youth, which received the abbreviated name ''()'' - "GEM Circle", for which he wrote plays - ''()'' - "A cunning matchmaker," ''()'' - "Two junkmen" and ''()'' - "Cordon", the same year the drama circle was closed. In 1924, Yuno Semyonov put on two plays in the Derbent Mountain Jews circle - ''()'' - "Two leather sellers" and ''()'' - "A cunning matchmaker." The main themes of Yuno Semyonov plays were the formation of a new socialist person, anti-religious propaganda (the poem ''()'' - "Buy a Bible"), the fight against the remnants of the past and the collective construction of a new life. In 1936, Yuno Semyonov at the call of the party promoting the mixing of peoples and interethnic marriages, wrote a play ''()'' - "Stepbrother" about the love of a mountain Jew for a
Lezghin Lezgins ( or ) are a Northeast Caucasian languages, Northeast Caucasian ethnic group native to southern Dagestan, a Republics of Russia, republic of Russia, and northern Azerbaijan, who speak the Lezgian language, Lezgin language. Their social ...
girl. In 1955, 10 years after the end of the war, Yuno Semyonov wrote the poem ''()'' - "I am a witness", where he expressed all the horrors of war through which he went through.Mikhailova I.
Jews of Derbent in the Great Patriotic War
- 2013. -


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Semyonov, Yuno 1899 births 1961 deaths Judeo-Tat poets Actors and directors of the Judeo-Tat language theater Writers from Dagestan Poets from Dagestan Writers from Derbent Poets from Derbent Judeo-Tat playwrights Mountain Jews