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Derbent
Derbent, also historically known as Darband, or Derbend, is the southernmost city in Russia. It is situated along the southeastern coast of the Dagestan, Republic of Dagestan, occupying the narrow gateway between the Caspian Sea and the Caucasus Mountains, and connecting the Eurasian Steppe to the north and the Iranian Plateau to the south. Derbent covers an area of with a population of roughly 120,000 residents. Derbent is considered the oldest city in Russia, with historical documentation dating to the 8th century BC, making it List of oldest continuously inhabited cities, one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. Due to its strategic location, over the course of history, the city changed ownership many times, particularly among the History of Iran, Persian, Umayyad Caliphate, Arab, Mongol Empire, Mongol, Timurid Empire, Timurid, and Shirvanshah, Shirvan kingdoms. In the early 19th century, the city came under control of the Russian Empire through the Tre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naryn-Kala
Naryn-Kala () is an ancient pre-Arab citadel, part of the Derbent fortress, connected to the Caspian Sea by double walls designed to block the so-called Gates of Alexander, Caspian gates to the Iran, Persian state. It is included in the UNESCO World Heritage List.Shikhabudin MikailovDagestan in photographs. Moments of history Epoch, 2012. p. 464 - (Dagestan. Triumph and tragedy). . According to other sources, it got the name Naryn in honor of the daughter of the Persian Shah, whic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Church Of The Holy All-Savior Of Derbent
The Church of the Holy All-Savior (Surb Amenaprkich) (; ) is an Armenian Church of Derbent, a city in the Russian Republic of Dagestan. History The author of the church project was the Armenian writer Gabriel Sundukian, who was exiled in Derbent in the 1850s. The church was built in 1870 (according to other sources in 1871) in the Armenian quarter of the city, on the site of a chapel. In 1888, a bell tower was added to the church. It was badly damaged during the Civil War, in particular, the dodecahedral hipped drum, the upper hipped tier of the bell tower and the roof were destroyed. By the Decree of the Council of Ministers of the DASSR No. 289 of August 15, 1975, the church building was recognized as an architectural monument and taken under state protection. From 1976 to 1982 the building was restored, the lost elements were rebuilt. After restoration, it was transferred to, the Derbent State Historical, Architectural and Art Museum-Reserve (it houses the department of "Carpe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juma Mosque Of Derbent
The Juma Mosque of Derbent is a Shi'ite Friday mosque and madrasa, located in the center of the old part of Derbent in the Republic of Dagestan, in what is modern-day Russia. The mosque was constructed by Iranians before the separation of Derbent from Iran as result of Treaty of Gulistan after the Russo-Persian War (). Completed in CE, it is the oldest mosque in Russia and the CIS. Despite its centuries-old history, the mosque is well preserved. It is an object of cultural heritage of the peoples of the Russian Federation of federal significance. The Juma Mosque forms part of the Old Derbent UNESCO World Heritage Site. History In 733, one mosque was built in each of the 7 mahallahs of Derbent. Together with these mosques, a larger mosque was built for the common Friday prayer. The number of mosques increased from then on, and by 1796, there were 15 mosques in Derbent. Above the entrance to the mosque, there is an inscription stating that in 1368–1369, the mosque was resto ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dagestan
Dagestan ( ; ; ), officially the Republic of Dagestan, is a republic of Russia situated in the North Caucasus of Eastern Europe, along the Caspian Sea. It is located north of the Greater Caucasus, and is a part of the North Caucasian Federal District. The republic is the southernmost tip of Russia, sharing land borders with the countries of Azerbaijan and Georgia to the south and southwest, the Russian republics of Chechnya and Kalmykia to the west and north, and with Stavropol Krai to the northwest. Makhachkala is the republic's capital and largest city; other major cities are Derbent, Kizlyar, Izberbash, Kaspiysk, and Buynaksk. Dagestan covers an area of , with a population of over 3.1 million, consisting of over 30 ethnic groups and 81 nationalities. With 14 official languages, and 12 ethnic groups each constituting more than 1% of its total population, the republic is one of Russia's most linguistically and ethnically diverse, and one of the most heteroge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Derbentsky District
Derbentsky District (; ; ) is an administrativeLaw #16 and municipalLaw #6 district (raion), one of the forty-one in the Republic of Dagestan, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the republic. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Derbent (which is not administratively a part of the district). As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 99,054. Administrative and municipal status Within the framework of administrative divisions, Derbentsky District is one of the forty-one in the republic. It is divided into two settlements (administrative divisions with the administrative centers in the urban-type settlements (inhabited localities) of Belidzhi and Mamedkala) and seven selsoviets, which comprise thirty-eight rural localities. The city of Derbent serves as its administrative center, despite being incorporated separately as an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts. As a municipal d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gates Of Alexander
The Gates of Alexander, also known as the Caspian Gates, are one of several mountain passes in eastern Anatolia, the Caucasus, and Persia, often imagined as an actual fortification, or as a symbolic boundary separating the civilized from the uncivilized world. The original Gates of Alexander were just south of the Caspian Sea, at Rhagae, where Alexander crossed while pursuing Darius III. The name was transferred to passes through the Caucasus, on the other side of the Caspian, by the more fanciful historians of Alexander. Various other passes in the Caucasus and Anatolia have been called the Gates of Alexander since at least the 1st century CE. Later, the Caspian Gates were also identified with the Pass of Derbent (in modern Dagestan) on the Caspian; or with the Pass of Dariel, a gorge forming a pass between Georgia and North Ossetia–Alania. Tradition also connects it to the Great Wall of Gorgan (Red Snake) on its south-eastern shore. These fortifications were historically ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kyrkhlyar
The Kyrkhlyar () is an old and revered cemetery in the city of Derbent, a city in the Russian Republic of Dagestan. The oldest active Muslim cemetery in Russia. Description It is located less than a kilometer north of the gates of Kyrkhlyar-Kapy. The cemetery is enclosed by a two-meter-high two-tiered fence of well-hewn stones, apparently rebuilt several times. There is an entrance portal on the north side of the fence. The Kyrkhlyar is part of the northern city cemetery. The cemetery consists of two rectangles adjacent to each other with long sides with large and small compartments. There are 40 ancient chest-shaped tombstones, in the large compartment there are three rows, and the smaller compartment consists of one row. Tombstone sarcophagi up to 3.2 meters ''(10.4987 ft.)'' long, 80 centimeters ''(31.4961 in.)'' high, 70 centimeters ''(27.5591 in.)'' wide and 10-12 centimeters ''(3.94 in.-4.72 in.)'' thick. Inside the large compartment there is a small rectangular structure 18 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Iran
The history of Iran (also known as Name of Iran, Persia) is intertwined with Greater Iran, which is a socio-cultural region encompassing all of the areas that have witnessed significant settlement or influence exerted by the Iranian peoples and the Iranian languages chiefly the Persians and the Persian language. Central to this region is the Iranian plateau, now largely covered by Iran, modern Iran. The most pronounced impact of Iranian history can be seen stretching from Anatolia in the west to the Indus Valley in the east, including the Levant, Mesopotamia, the Caucasus, and parts of Central Asia. To varying degrees, it also overlaps or mingles with the histories of many other major civilizations, such as History of India, India, History of China, China, History of Greece, Greece, Ancient Rome, Rome, and History of Egypt, Egypt. Iran is home to one of the world's oldest continuous major civilizations, with historical and urban settlements dating back to 4000 BC. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caspian Sea
The Caspian Sea is the world's largest inland body of water, described as the List of lakes by area, world's largest lake and usually referred to as a full-fledged sea. An endorheic basin, it lies between Europe and Asia: east of the Caucasus, west of the broad steppe of Central Asia, south of the fertile plains of Southern Russia in Eastern Europe, and north of the mountainous Iranian Plateau. It covers a surface area of (excluding the highly saline lagoon of Garabogazköl to its east), an area approximately equal to that of Japan, with a volume of . It has a salinity of approximately 1.2% (12 g/L), about a third of the salinity of average seawater. It is bounded by Kazakhstan to the northeast, Russia to the northwest, Azerbaijan to the southwest, Iran to the south, and Turkmenistan to the southeast. The name of the Caspian Sea is derived from the ancient Iranian peoples, Iranic Caspians, Caspi people. The sea stretches from north to south, with an average width of . Its gr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Darial Pass
The Darial Gorge; ; ; . is a river gorge on the border between Russia and Georgia. It is at the east base of Mount Kazbek, south of present-day Vladikavkaz. The gorge was carved by the river Terek, and is approximately long. The steep granite walls of the gorge can be as much as tall in some places. The Georgian Military Road runs through the gorge. History The name ''Darial'' originates from ''Dar-i Alān'' () meaning "Gate of the Alans" in Persian. The Alans held the lands north of the pass in the first centuries AD. It was fortified in ancient times both by the Romans and Persians; the fortification was variously known as the Iberian Gates or the Caucasian Gates. It was also frequently mistakenly referred to as the Caspian Gates in classical literature. The pass is mentioned in the Georgian annals under the names of Darialani; Strabo calls it ''Porta Caucasica'' and ''Porta Cumana''; Ptolemy, ''Fortes Sarmatica''; it was sometimes known as ''Porta Caucasica'' and '' P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Umayyad Caliphate
The Umayyad Caliphate or Umayyad Empire (, ; ) was the second caliphate established after the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and was ruled by the Umayyad dynasty. Uthman ibn Affan, the third of the Rashidun caliphs, was also a member of the clan. The family established dynastic, hereditary rule with Mu'awiya I, the long-time governor of Bilad al-Sham, Greater Syria, who became caliph after the end of the First Fitna in 661. After Mu'awiya's death in 680, conflicts over the succession resulted in the Second Fitna, and power eventually fell to Marwan I, from another branch of the clan. Syria remained the Umayyads' main power base thereafter, with Damascus as their capital. The Umayyads continued the Early Muslim conquests, Muslim conquests, conquering Ifriqiya, Transoxiana, Sind (caliphal province), Sind, the Maghreb and Hispania (al-Andalus). At its greatest extent (661–750), the Umayyad Caliphate covered , making it one of the largest empires in history in terms of ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
