Yasin Al-Fadani

Abū al-Fayḍ Muḥammad Yāsīn bin Muḥammad ʿĪsā al-Fādānī al-Makkī (; 1916 – 21 July 1990) was a Saudi '' ʿālim'' of Minangkabau descent. He was known as a '' muḥaddith'' who collected the most hadith chains of transmission (''isnād'') of his time, thus earning him the title ''Musnid al-Dunyā''.

Biography

Yasin al-Fadani was born in Mecca in 1335 AH (1916 CE). His father, Muhammad Isa, hailed from Padang in modern-day Indonesia. Yasin al-Fadani spent most of his life in Mecca.

He began his studies with his father, Muhammad Isa al-Fadani, and his uncle, Mahmud al-Fadani. He then studied at Madrasah al-Sawlatiyyah, a madrasa which was founded by clerics from the Indian subcontinent. When a conflict arose between Indian and Southeast Asian teachers, the latter left Sawlatiyyah to establish a new madrasa, Dar al-Ulum al-Diniyyah. al-Fadani moved to the new madrasa in 1353 AH. After he graduated in 1356 AH, he was appointed as a teacher at Dar al-Ulum al-Diniyyah. In 1375 AH, he was chosen as the director of the madrasa.

Apart from his activities at Dar al-Ulum, al-Fadani taught several subjects at Masjid al-Haram. He also spent part of his time studying under several scholars at Masjid al-Haram. In 1377 AH, he built a madrasa for girls.

al-Fadani died on 28 Dhu al-Hijjah 1410 (21 July 1990). He was buried in Jannat al-Mu'alla.

Teachers and students

al-Fadani studied under around 400 teachers in the Hejaz. Some of his well-known teachers include Muhammad Ali bin Husayn bin Ibrahim al-Maliki, Hasan bin Muhammad al-Mashat, Umar bin Hamdan al-Mahrasi, Muhammad bin Ahmad bin Aqilah, Ali bin Zahir al-Watri, Abid al-Sindi, Falih bin Muhammad al-Zahiri, Sayyid Husayn bin Muhammad al-Habashi, Umar Bajunayd al-Shafii, Said bin Muhammad al-Yamani, Hasan bin Said al-Yamani, Sayyid Muhsin bin Ali al-Musawi al-Falimbani, Abd Allah Muhammad al-Ghazi, Ibrahim bin Dawud al-Fatani, Alawi bin Abbas al-Maliki, Sayyid Muhammad bin Amin al-Kutbi, Shihab Ahmad al-Mukhallalati al-Shami, Khalifah bin Hamd Al Nabhan, Ubayd Allah bin al-Islam al-Sindi, Husayn Ahmad al-Faydabadi, Abd al-Qadir bin Tawfiq al-Shalabi, Muhammad Abd al-Baqi al-Luknawi, and Abd al-Hadi al-Madrasi.

Some famous Islamic scholars studied under him, such as Muhammad Taqi Uthmani, Ali Jumaah, Hasan Azhari, and Muhammad bin Yahya al-Ninawi.

Literary works

al-Fadani authored a number of works, some of them unpublished, others in print. From amongst his works are:

Hadith
* ''al-Durr al-Manḍūd: Sharḥ Sunan Abī Dāwud'' (20 volumes)
* ''Fatḥ al-‘Allām: Sharḥ Bulūgh al-Marām'' (4 volumes)

Fiqh and Usul al-fiqh
* ''Bughyah al-Mushtāq: Sharḥ Luma‘ al-Shaykh Abī Isḥāq''
* ''Ḥāshiyah ‘alā al-Ashbāh wa al-Naẓā’ir fī al-Furū‘ al-Fiqhiyyah li al-Suyūṭī''
* ''Tatmīm al-Dukhūl: Ta‘līqāt ‘alā Madkhal al-Wuṣūl ilā ‘Ilm al-Uṣūl''
* ''al-Durr al-Naḍīd: Hawāshi ‘alā Kitāb al-Tamhīd li al-Isnawī''
* ''al-Fawā’id al-Juniyyah: Ḥāshiyah ‘alā al-Mawāhib al-Sunniyyah ‘alā al-Qawā’id al-Fiqhiyyah''
* ''Ta‘līqāt ‘alā Luma‘ al-Shaykh Abī Isḥāq''
* ''Iḍā’ah al-Nūr al-Lāmi‘: Sharḥ al-Kawkab al-Sāṭi‘ Naẓm Jam‘ al-Jawāmi‘''
* ''Ḥāshiyah ‘alā al-Talaṭuf Sharḥ al-Ta‘arruf fī Uṣūl al-Fiqh''
* ''Nayl al-Ma’mūl: Ḥāshiyah ‘alā Lubb al-Uṣūl wa Ghāyah al-Wuṣūl''

Astronomy
* ''Jannī al-Thamr: Sharḥ Manẓūmah Manāzil al-Qamar''
* ''al-Mukhtaṣar al-Muhadhdhab fī Istikhrāj al-Awqāt wa al-Qiblah bi al-Rubi‘ al-Mujīb''
* ''al-Mawāhib al-Jazīlah: Sharḥ Thamarāt al-Wasīlah''

Arabic grammar
* ''Tashnī al-Sam‘: Mukhtaṣar fī ‘Ilm al-Waḍa‘''
* ''Bulghah al-Mushtāq fī ‘Ilm al-Ishtiqāq''

Logic, rhetoric, and others
* ''Manhal al-Ifādah: Hawāshi ‘alā Risālah Ādāb al-Bahth wa al-Munāẓarah li Ṭāshkubrīzādah''
* ''Ḥusn al-Ṣiyāghah: Sharḥ Kitāb Durūs al-Balāghah''
* ''Risālah fī ‘Ilm al-Manṭiq''
* ''Itḥāf al-Khallān: Tawḍīḥ Tuḥfah al-Ikhwān fī ‘Ilm al-Bayān li al-Dardīr''
* ''al-Risālah al-Bayāniyyah fī ‘Ilm al-Bayān ‘alā Ṭarīqah al-Su’āl wa al-Jawāb''

Hadith chains of narration
* ''Maṭmaḥ al-Wajdān'' (transmission from Umar Hamdan, 3 volumes)
* ''Fayḍ al-Raḥman'' (transmission from Khalifah bin Hamd Al Nabhan)
* ''Fayḍ al-Muhaymīn'' (transmission from Sayyid Muhsin al-Musawi)
* ''al-Maslak al-Jallī'' (transmission from Muhammad Ali al-Maliki)
* ''al-Waṣl al-Rātī'' (transmission from Shihab Ahmad al-Mukhallalati)

References

{{Ash'ari

1916 births
1990 deaths
Asharis
Shafi'is
Hadith scholars
Madrasah as-Sawlatiyah alumni
20th-century Muslim scholars of Islam
Saudi Arabian people of Indonesian descent
Minangkabau people