The X Corps of the

Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire (), also called the Turkish Empire, was an empire, imperial realm that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Centr ...

( Turkish: ''10 ncu Kolordu'' ''or'' ''Onuncu Kolordu'') was one of the

corps Corps (; plural ''corps'' ; from French , from the Latin "body") is a term used for several different kinds of organization. A military innovation by Napoleon I, the formation was formally introduced March 1, 1800, when Napoleon ordered Gener ...

of the

Ottoman Army The Military of the Ottoman Empire () was the armed forces of the Ottoman Empire. It was founded in 1299 and dissolved in 1922. Army The Military of the Ottoman Empire can be divided in five main periods. The foundation era covers the years ...

. It was formed in the early 20th century during Ottoman military reforms.

Formation

Order of Battle, 1911

With further reorganizations of the Ottoman Army, to include the creation of corps level headquarters, by 1911 the X Corps was headquartered in

Erzincan Erzincan (; ), historically Yerznka (), is the capital of Erzincan Province in eastern Turkey. Nearby cities include Erzurum, Sivas, Tunceli, Bingöl, Elazığ, Malatya, Gümüşhane, Bayburt, and Giresun. The city is majority Turkish Sunni w ...

. The Corps before the

First Balkan War The First Balkan War lasted from October 1912 to May 1913 and involved actions of the Balkan League (the Kingdoms of Kingdom of Bulgaria, Bulgaria, Kingdom of Serbia, Serbia, Kingdom of Greece, Greece and Kingdom of Montenegro, Montenegro) agai ...

in 1911 was structured as such:Edward J. Erickson, ''Defeat in Detail, The Ottoman Army in the Balkans, 1912–1913'', Westport, Praeger, 2003, p. 380. *X Corps,

** 30th Infantry Division, Erzincan ***88th Infantry Regiment, Erzincan ***89th Infantry Regiment, Erzincan ***90th Infantry Regiment, Erzincan ***30th Rifle Battalion,

Yemen Yemen, officially the Republic of Yemen, is a country in West Asia. Located in South Arabia, southern Arabia, it borders Saudi Arabia to Saudi Arabia–Yemen border, the north, Oman to Oman–Yemen border, the northeast, the south-eastern part ...

***30th Field Artillery Regiment, Erzincan ***30th Division Band, Erzincan ** 31st Infantry Division, Erzincan ***91st Infantry Regiment,

Siirt Siirt (; ; ; ) is a city in the Siirt District of Siirt Province in Turkey. It had a population of 160,340 in 2021. The city is predominantly inhabited by Kurds. Neighborhoods The city is divided into the neighborhoods of Afetevlerı, Alan, ...

***92nd Infantry Regiment,

Bitlis Bitlis ( or ; ) is a city in southeastern Turkey. It is the seat of Bitlis District and Bitlis Province.Sivas Sivas is a city in central Turkey. It is the seat of Sivas Province and Sivas District.İl Beledi ...

***31st Rifle Battalion, Erzincan ***31st Division Band, Erzincan ** 32nd Infantry Division, Ma'murat-ül Aziz ***94th Infantry Regiment, Diyâr-ı Bekir ***95th Infantry Regiment, Ma'murat-ül Aziz ***96th Infantry Regiment,

Dersim Tunceli (, , ) is a municipality (belde) in Tunceli District and capital of Tunceli Province, Turkey. The city has a Zaza majority. It had a population of 35,161 in 2021. Name During Ottoman times, the settlement was called ''Kalan'' or ''Mam ...

***32nd Rifle Battalion, Erzıncan ***32nd Field Artillery Regiment, Erzincan ***32nd Division Band, Ma'murat-ül Aziz *Units of IX Corps *19th Cavalry Regiment, Erzincan *20th Cavalry Regiment, Diyâr-ı Bekir *9th Engineer Battalion, Erzincan *9th Transport Battalion, Erzincan *Medical Detachment, Erzincan

Balkan Wars

Order of Battle, January 7, 1913

On January 7, 1913, the Provisional X Corps was structured as follows:Edward J. Erickson, ''Defeat in Detail, The Ottoman Army in the Balkans, 1912–1913'', Westport, Praeger, 2003, p. 260. *X Corps ** 31st Division ** 32nd Division **Mamuretülaziz Redif Division **30th Field Artillery Regiment **Independent Schneider Artillery Battalion **Mountain Howitzer Battalion **5th Cavalry Regiment **Tribal Cavalry Division **Trains and Ammunition Columns

Order of Battle, March 25, 1913

On March 25, 1913, the corps was structured as follows:Edward J. Erickson, ''Defeat in Detail, The Ottoman Army in the Balkans, 1912–1913'', Westport, Praeger, 2003, p. 287. *X Corps (Thrace, under the command of the Chataldja Army) ** 4th Division, 31st Division **Amasya Redif Division **Independent Cavalry Brigade

Order of Battle, July 1913

*X Corps ( Gallipoli Army) ** 4th Division, 31st Division, Aziz Infantry Division

World War I

Order of Battle, August 1914, November 1914, ate April 1915, Late Summer 1915, January 1916, August 1916

In November 1914, Late April 1915, Late Summer 1915, January 1916, August 1916, the corps was structured as follows:Edward J. Erickson, ''Order to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War'', Greenwood Press, 2001, , p. 38, 43, 86, 109, 126, 134. *X Corps (Caucasus) ** 30th Division, 31st Division, 32nd Division

Sources

{{Ottoman Forces during World War I Corps of the Ottoman Empire Military units and formations of the Ottoman Empire in World War I History of Erzincan 1911 establishments in the Ottoman Empire