Votkinsk (; ), also known as Votka (; ), is an industrial

town A town is a type of a human settlement, generally larger than a village but smaller than a city. The criteria for distinguishing a town vary globally, often depending on factors such as population size, economic character, administrative stat ...

in the

Udmurt Republic Udmurtia, officially the Udmurt Republic, is a republic of Russia located in Eastern Europe. It is administratively part of the Volga Federal District. Its capital is the city of Izhevsk. It was established as the Udmurt (until 1931 — Vots ...

, Russia. The population in 2021 is 97,471.

History

It was established in 1759, initially as a center for metallurgical enterprises, and the economic focus on metal related industry remains. Town status was officially granted to it in 1935. The city of Votkinsk was one of the residence centers of the Udmurt Jews, who spoke ''Udmurtish'' ''Yiddish''. It is famous as the birthplace of composer

Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky ( ; 7 May 1840 – 6 November 1893) was a Russian composer during the Romantic period. He was the first Russian composer whose music made a lasting impression internationally. Tchaikovsky wrote some of the most popula ...

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Votkinsk serves as the

administrative center An administrative centre is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune, is located. In countries with French as the administrative language, such as Belgiu ...

of Votkinsky District, even though it is not a part of it.Law #46-RZ As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the town of republic significance of Votkinsk—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the

districts A district is a type of administrative division that in some countries is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivisions ...

. As a municipal division, the town of republic significance of Votkinsk is incorporated as Votkinsk Urban Okrug.Law #68-RZ

Economy

The

Moscow Institute of Thermal Technology Moscow Institute of Thermal Technology (MITT; ) is a Russian (formerly Soviet) engineering and scientific research institute founded on May 13, 1946. The institute is located in the Otradnoye District in the north of Moscow. Previously, it wa ...

operates a machine plant in the town, the

Votkinsk Machine Building Plant JSC Votkinsk Machine Building Plant () is a machine and ballistic missile production enterprise based in Votkinsk, Republic of Udmurtia, Russia. Its production includes the RS-24 Yars intercontinental ballistic missile, Russia's most recent IC ...

, which produces some of Russia's long-range ballistic missiles. Under the

Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty The Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF Treaty) was an arms control treaty between the United States and the Soviet Union (and its successor state, the Russia, Russian Federation). President of the United States, US President Ronald Rea ...

(INF) concluded between the United States and the

Soviet Union The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...

, the

RSD-10 Pioneer The RSD-10 ''Pioneer'' ( tr.: ''raketa sredney dalnosti (RSD) "Pioner"''; ) was an intermediate-range ballistic missile with a nuclear warhead, deployed by the Soviet Union from 1976 to 1988. It carried GRAU designation 15Ж45 (''15Zh45''). ...

missile production facility at Votkinsk was selected for long-term on-site monitoring by U.S. inspectors. The corresponding site for the Soviet Union in the United States was the Hercules missile production facility in

Salt Lake City Salt Lake City, often shortened to Salt Lake or SLC, is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Utah. It is the county seat of Salt Lake County, the most populous county in the state. The city is the core of the Salt Lake Ci ...

Utah Utah is a landlocked state in the Mountain states, Mountain West subregion of the Western United States. It is one of the Four Corners states, sharing a border with Arizona, Colorado, and New Mexico. It also borders Wyoming to the northea ...

. The town gives its name to the nearby

Votkinsk Reservoir Votkinsk Reservoir is a reservoir formed by the dam of the Votkinsk Hydroelectric Station on the Kama River in Perm Krai, Russia Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of coun ...

, filled in the 1960s following the construction of a dam for the

Votkinsk Hydroelectric Station The Votkinsk Hydroelectric Station (''Russian: Воткинская ГЭС'') is a dam and hydroelectric power station on the Kama River along the border of Perm Krai and Udmurtia, Russia. It is south of Votkinsk and its main purpose is power gen ...

Geography

Climate

Votkinsk has a warm summer continental climate. (Koppen Dfb)

Sports

The

bandy Bandy is a winter sport and ball sport played by two team sport, teams wearing Ice skates#Bandy skates, ice skates on a large ice surface (either indoors or outdoors) while using sticks to direct a ball into the opposing team's goal. The playin ...

team Znamya-Udmurtiya has played in the highest division, and nowadays play in the second highest,

Russian Bandy Supreme League Russian Bandy Supreme League or the Vysshaya Liga () is the second tier of Russian bandy, below Russian Bandy Super League. In the 2016–17 season, 23 teams competed in three groups. In the 2022/23 season, 22 teams competed in four groups. Th ...

Notable people

(1840–1893), Russian

composer A composer is a person who writes music. The term is especially used to indicate composers of Western classical music, or those who are composers by occupation. Many composers are, or were, also skilled performers of music. Etymology and def ...

* Rudolf Povarnitsyn (born 1962), Ukrainian high jumper * Ksenia Garanina (born 1997), Armenian footballer * Liudmyla Kuchma (born 1940), wife of second Ukrainian

President President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) * President (education), a leader of a college or university *President (government title) President may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Film and television *'' Præsident ...

Leonid Kuchma Leonid Danylovych Kuchma (, ; born 9 August 1938) is a Ukrainian politician who was the second president of Ukraine, serving from 19 July 1994 to 23 January 2005. The only president of Ukraine to serve two terms, his presidency was marked by demo ...

and a former First Lady of Ukraine.

International relations

Votkinsk has a

sister city A sister city or a twin town relationship is a form of legal or social agreement between two geographically and politically distinct localities for the purpose of promoting cultural and commercial ties. While there are early examples of inte ...

, as designated by

Sister Cities International Sister Cities International (SCI) is a non-governmental organization (NGO) with the goal of facilitating partnerships between communities within the United States and other countries by establishing sister cities. Sister cities are agreements of ...

: *

West Jordan, Utah West Jordan is a city in Salt Lake County, Utah, United States. It is a suburb of Salt Lake City. According to the 2020 Census, the city had a population of 116,961, placing it as the third most populous in the state. The city occupies the sou ...