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Leonid Kuchma
Leonid Danylovych Kuchma (, ; born 9 August 1938) is a Ukrainian politician who was the second president of Ukraine, serving from 19 July 1994 to 23 January 2005. The only president of Ukraine to serve two terms, his presidency was marked by democratic backsliding and the growth of the Ukrainian oligarchs, as well as several scandals and improvement of Russia–Ukraine relations. After a successful career in the machine-building industry of the Soviet Union, Kuchma began his political career in 1990 Ukrainian parliamentary election, 1990, when he was elected to the Verkhovna Rada (the Ukrainian parliament); he was 1994 Ukrainian parliamentary election, re-elected in 1994. He served as Prime Minister of Ukraine between October 1992 and September 1993. Kuchma took office after winning the 1994 Ukrainian presidential election, 1994 presidential election against his rival, incumbent President Leonid Kravchuk. Kuchma won re-election for an additional five-year term in 1999 Ukrainian pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vitaliy Masol
Vitaliy Andriyovych Masol (; 14 November 1928 – 21 September 2018) was a Soviet-Ukrainian politician who served as leader of the Ukrainian government on two occasions. He held various posts in the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, most notably the Head of the Council of Ministers, which is the equivalent of today's Prime Minister, from 1987 until late 1990, when he was forced to resign. He was later Prime Minister of Ukraine, confirmed in that post on 16 June 1994. He resigned from that post on 1 March 1995. Early life and career Vitaliy Andriyovych Masol was born in a village near Chernihiv, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic on 14 November 1928. He graduated in 1951 from Kyiv Polytechnic Institute with a degree in mechanical engineering. He worked as an engineer at the New Kramatorsk Machinebuilding Factory and rose to become the head of the technical department, the head of the mechanical shop and then the deputy chief engineer. In 1971, he was awarded a doctorate in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chaykino, Chernigov Oblast
Chaikyne () is a village located in the Novhorod-Siverskyi Raion (district) in Chernihiv Oblast of northern Ukraine. It forms part of Novhorod-Siverskyi urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. History On 12 June 2020, in accordance with the decree of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine No. 730-r "On the determination of administrative centers and approval of the territories of territorial communities of Chernihiv Oblast", Chaikyne became part of the Novhorod-Siverskyi urban hromada. On 17 July 2020, as a result of the administrative-territorial reform, the village retained its place in Novhorod-Siverskyi Raion, which became larger in area. Attractions At the entrance to Chaikyne there is a memorial sign, the inscription on which reads: "Chaikyne is the birthplace of the President of Ukraine Leonid Kuchma". Also in the village, there is a monument to the soldiers of the Red Army who died in World War II and a large Orthodox cathedral built during the presidency of Leonid K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ukrainian Oligarchs
Ukrainian oligarchs () are business oligarchs who emerged on the economic and political scene of Ukraine after the 1991 Ukrainian independence referendum. This period saw Ukraine transitioning to a market economy, with the rapid privatization of state-owned assets. Those developments mirrored those of the neighboring post-Soviet states after the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Pro-Western sources have criticised Ukraine’s lack of political reform or action against corruption, and the influence of Ukrainian oligarchs on domestic and regional politics, particularly their links to Russia. In 2008, the combined wealth of Ukraine's 50 richest oligarchs was equal to 85% of Ukraine's GDP. In November 2013, this number was 45% (of GDP). Ukrainian GDP fell by 7% in 2014, and shrank 12% in 2015. By 2015, due to the Russo-Ukrainian War, the total net worth of the five richest and most influential Ukrainians at that time ( Rinat Akhmetov, Viktor Pinchuk, Ihor Kolomoyskyi, Henadiy Boholyub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Democratic Backsliding
Democratic backsliding or autocratization is a process of regime change toward autocracy in which the exercise of political power becomes more arbitrary and repressive. The process typically restricts the space for public contest and political participation in the process of government selection. Democratic decline involves the weakening of democratic institutions, such as the peaceful transition of power or free and fair elections, or the violation of individual rights that underpin democracies, especially freedom of expression. Democratic backsliding is the opposite of democratization. Proposed causes of democratic backsliding include economic inequality, rampant culture wars, culturally conservative reactions to societal changes, populist or personalist politics, and external influence from great power politics. During crises, backsliding can occur when leaders impose autocratic rules during states of emergency that are either disproportionate to the severity of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
President Of Ukraine
The president of Ukraine (, ) is the head of state of Ukraine. The president represents the nation in international relations, administers the foreign political activity of the state, conducts negotiations and concludes international treaties. The president is direct election, directly elected by the Ukrainian nationality law, citizens of Ukraine for a five-year term of office (whether the Ukrainian presidential elections, presidential election is early or scheduled), limited to two terms consecutively. The president's official residence is the Mariinskyi Palace, located in the Pecherskyi District, Pechersk district of the capital Kyiv. Other official residences include the House with Chimaeras and the House of the Weeping Widow, which are used for official visits by foreign representatives. The Office of the President of Ukraine, unofficially known as "Bankova" in reference to the street it is located on, serves as the presidential office, advising the president in the domestic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Neighbourhood Policy
The European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) is a foreign relations instrument of the European Union (EU) which seeks to tie those countries to the east and south of the European territory of the EU to the Union. These countries include some who seek to one day become either a member state of the European Union, or become more closely integrated with the European Union. The ENP does not apply to neighbours of the EU's outermost regions, specifically France's territories in South America, but only to those countries close to EU member states' territories in mainland Europe. The countries covered are Algeria, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Palestine, Syria, Tunisia in the South; and Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova, Ukraine in the East. Russia has a special status with the EU-Russia Common Spaces instead of ENP participation. The EU offers financial assistance to countries within the European Neighbourhood, so long as they meet the strict conditions of g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chernihiv Oblast
Chernihiv Oblast (), also referred to as Chernihivshchyna (), is an administrative divisions of Ukraine, oblast (province) in northern Ukraine. The capital city, administrative center of the oblast is the city of Chernihiv. There are 1,511 settlements in the oblast, with a total population of Geography The total area of the province is around 31,900 km². On the west, the oblast is bordered by the Kyiv Reservoir of the Dnieper River and Kyiv Oblast, which has a enclave known as Slavutych, which was created from Chernihiv Oblast for the inhabitants of Chernobyl following the Chernobyl disaster. It is bordered by Sumy Oblast to the east and Poltava Oblast to the south. The northern border of the oblast is part of Ukraine's international border abutting Belarus's Gomel Region in the north-west and the Russian Bryansk Oblast in the north-east, respectively. The oblast is bisected into northern and southern sections by the Desna River, which enters the Dnieper just north of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Verkhovna Rada
The Verkhovna Rada ( ; VR), officially the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, is the unicameralism, unicameral parliament of Ukraine. It consists of 450 Deputy (legislator), deputies presided over by a speaker. The Verkhovna Rada meets in the Verkhovna Rada building in Ukraine's capital Kyiv. The Verkhovna Rada developed out of the systems of the republican representative body known in the Soviet Union as the Supreme Soviet (Supreme Council) that was first established on 26 June 1938 as a type of legislature of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, Ukrainian SSR after the dissolution of the All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets, Congress of Soviets of the Ukrainian SSR.Verkhovna Rada in the Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine The 12th convocation of the Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian SSR (1990 Ukrainian parliamentary election, elec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dnipropetrovsk Oblast
Dnipropetrovsk Oblast (), is an administrative divisions of Ukraine, oblast (province) in simultaneously southern, eastern and central Ukraine, the most important industrial region of the country. It was created on February 27, 1932. Dnipropetrovsk Oblast has a population of about approximately 80% of whom live centering on administrative centers: Dnipro, Kryvyi Rih, Kamianske, Nikopol, Ukraine, Nikopol and Pavlohrad. The Dnieper, Dnieper River runs through the oblast. Geography Most of Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, including Dnipro Raion, is located in eastern Ukraine, though some parts are in central Ukraine, central and southern Ukraine, such as Kamianske Raion and Nikopol Raion, respectively. The area of the oblast (31,974 km2) comprises about 5.3% of the total area of the country. Its longitude from north to south is 130 km, from east to west – 300 km. The oblast borders the Poltava Oblast, Poltava and Kharkiv Oblast, Kharkiv oblasts on the north, the Donetsk Obla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dnipropetrovsk National University
The Oles Honchar Dnipro National University ( DNU, ) is a state-sponsored university located in Dnipro, Ukraine. It was founded in 1918. The first four faculties were History and Linguistics, Law, Medicine, and Physics and Mathematics. Nowadays, DNU, as a large classical university, includes 14 faculties in formal, natural and social sciences. 730 academics provide learning for about 10,700 students (including 130 international students from nearly 30 countries). The University offers 98 programs for obtaining bachelor’s and master’s degrees and performs training for PhD-students in 35 fields. Second higher education can also be obtained at DNU. Before Russian aggression in the East of Ukraine in 2014, the University had 20 faculties with 1,300 academics. The number of students came to about 22,000 (with 3,000 international students among them). Oles Honchar Dnipro National University has close ties with one of the world`s largest rocket and space centres – Yuzhnoye SDO Y ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Olena Pinchuk
Olena Kuchma Pinchuk (; born 3 December 1970; often written in ) is the daughter of former Ukrainian president Leonid Kuchma. Together with her husband Viktor Pinchuk, she owns Ukraine's biggest media group, StarLightMedia and EastOne Group. Early life and education Olena Pinchuk was born on 3 December 1970 in Dnipropetrovsk (now known as Dnipro) to former President of Ukraine Leonid Kuchma and Lyudmyla Kuchma. She attended physicotechnical and economics faculties at Dnipropetrovsk National University, and graduated in "Economics and Sociology". Career From 1995 to 1996, she worked in department for economics at PrivatBank. From 1997 until 2002, she was the marketing director of Kyivstar. Personal life Elena Pinchuk was married to son of Anatoliy Franchuk, Igor Franchuk, who headed Naftogaz and was an MP in Ukraine up to mid-1997. She has a son with him, Roman, born on 3 April 1991. who attends Brown University In 2002, she married Viktor Pinchuk, a Ukrainian busine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lyudmyla Kuchma
Liudmyla Mykolaivna Kuchma (birth name, née Talalaieva; born 19 June 1940) is the wife of second Ukraine, Ukrainian President (government title), President Leonid Kuchma and a former First Lady of Ukraine. She had previously worked as a design engineer. Early life and education Liudmyla Kuchma was born in Udmurtia, and studied at a music school located in the house-museum of Pyotr Tchaikovsky. She graduated from mechanical college. Career For thirty years, she worked as an engineer in the design office of a production association in Dnipro, Dnipropetrovsk. Personal life In 1967, she married Leonid Kuchma, the president of Ukraine from 1994 to 2005. Her daughter Olena Pinchuk, Olena was born in 1970. Honors In 1998, Kuchma was awarded the Order of the Lithuanian Grand Duke Gediminas. and Order of Princess Olga First Class (2010). Since 1996, she has been Honorary President of the National Fund for Social Protection of Mother and Child. Since 12 May 2004, she has been Specia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
