Fighter Squadron 61 (VF-61), the ''Jolly Rogers'', was a fighter squadron of the
United States Navy
The United States Navy (USN) is the naval warfare, maritime military branch, service branch of the United States Department of Defense. It is the world's most powerful navy with the largest Displacement (ship), displacement, at 4.5 millio ...
. Originally established as VF-17 on 1 January 1943, it was redesignated as VF-5B on 15 November 1946, and then later as VF-61 on 28 July 1948. It was disestablished on 15 April 1959. It was the first navy squadron to be designated VF-17.
Operational history
World War II
VF-17 was established on 1 January 1943, at
NAS Norfolk
Naval Station Norfolk is a United States Navy base in Norfolk, Virginia, that is the headquarters and home port of the U.S. Navy's Fleet Forces Command. The installation occupies about of waterfront space and of pier and wharf space of the Ha ...
, with Lieutenant Commander
John T. "Tommy" Blackburn as its commander. It was the second Navy fighter squadron to receive the
F4U-1 Corsair and the most successful of them all.
Blackburn wanted a squadron insignia that had a piratical theme to it to match the F4U's Corsair designation; hence the skull and crossbones were chosen.
The original design was developed by Harry Hollmeyer, who became an ace pilot. The squadron helped during the development of the F4U Corsair resulting in some design changes, resulting in the F4U-1A. Unfortunately, the Navy still deemed the Corsair unfit for carrier service and instead of joining , VF-17 became a land-based squadron in the
Solomon Islands
Solomon Islands, also known simply as the Solomons,John Prados, ''Islands of Destiny'', Dutton Caliber, 2012, p,20 and passim is an island country consisting of six major islands and over 1000 smaller islands in Melanesia, part of Oceania, t ...
during most of its deployment to the South Pacific.
On 8 November 1943, the squadron
executive officer
An executive officer is a person who is principally responsible for leading all or part of an organization, although the exact nature of the role varies depending on the organization.
In many militaries and police forces, an executive officer ...
, Roger Hedrick, led a flight which intercepted 39 Japanese fighters over
Empress Augusta Bay
Empress Augusta Bay is a bay on the western side of the island of Bougainville Island, within the Autonomous Region of Bougainville in northeastern Papua New Guinea.
It is a subsistence fishing area for the people of Bougainville.
History
...
,
Bougainville. As the Japanese fighters fled back to their base, VF-17 was responsible for downing 3 fighters and damaging 4 others. Though outnumbered, the squadron survived the encounter with no losses. This action was typical of the squadron's land-based service in the Solomon Islands in 1943 and 1944, when it went up against the cream of Imperial Japanese Navy pilots then based at Rabaul.
In its two tours of duty in the Solomon Islands, VF-17 had 152 aerial victories and produced 11 aces. VF-17 finished its combat tour on 10 May 1944, was equipped with the
F6F-5 Hellcat and moved to the . Here, the squadron amassed 161 victories, and produced 12 aces. Overall, the two combat tours of VF-17 were credited with 313 victories, the most of any US Navy squadron.
Postwar
In the postwar period the squadron flew the F4U-4 Corsair,
F8F-2 Bearcat,
F9F-2 Panther,
F9F-8 Cougar and
F3H-2M Demon. It was disestablished on 15 April 1959.
Following its disestablishment, two other U.S. Naval Aviation squadrons have used the name and insignia of the
Jolly Roger
Jolly Roger was the England, ensign flown by a piracy, pirate ship preceding or during an attack, during the early 18th century (the latter part of the Golden Age of Piracy). The vast majority of such flags flew the motif of a human skull, or â ...
:
VF-84 (1955-95)
Fighter Squadron 84 or VF-84 was an aviation unit of the United States Navy. Originally established on 1 May 1944, it was disestablished on 8 October 1945. It was the first US Navy squadron to be designated as VF-84.
Operational history
VF-84 fl ...
and
VFA-103
Strike Fighter Squadron 103 (VFA-103), nicknamed the Jolly Rogers, is an aviation unit of the United States Navy established in 1952. VFA-103 flies the Boeing F/A-18E/F Super Hornet and is based at Naval Air Station Oceana, Virginia (US). The ...
.
Gallery
Image:Vought F4U-1 Corsairs of VF-17 in flight, 1943.jpg, VF-17 F4U-1s in 1943
Image:vf17 member.jpg, "Tired member of VF-17 pauses under the squadron scoreboard at Bougainville", February 1944
File:FJ-3s VF-61 at NAS Oceana.jpg, VF-61 FJ-3s at NAS Oceana
Naval Air Station (NAS) Oceana or NAS Oceana is a United States Navy Naval Air Station located in Virginia Beach, Virginia.
The station is located on 23.9 square kilometers. It has total of 250 aircraft deployed and buildings valued at $800 mi ...
, c.1955
File:F3H-2M of VF-61 takes off from USS FD Roosevelt (CVA-42) in 1957.jpg, VF-61 F3H-2M launches from in 1957
See also
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History of the United States Navy
The history of the United States Navy divides into two major periods: the "Old Navy", a small but respected force of sailing ships that became notable for innovation in the use of ironclads during the American Civil War, and the "New Navy" ...
*
List of inactive United States Navy aircraft squadrons
Most of the United States Navy aircraft Squadron (aviation), squadrons established since the Navy designated its first aircraft squadrons in 1919 no longer exist, having been "disestablished". Another 40 or so have been "deactivated", currently e ...
*
List of United States Navy aircraft squadrons
This is a list of active United States Navy aircraft squadrons. ''Deactivated'' or ''disestablished'' squadrons are listed in the list of inactive United States Navy aircraft squadrons.
The U.S. Navy uses the term "squadron" only to describe uni ...
References
{{reflist
Strike fighter squadrons of the United States Navy