History
The Yafa'i tribe has traditionally inhabited the mountainous hinterland of the Aden area. Upper Yafa was formed in the 18th century. It included the sheikhdoms of Al-Busi, Al-Dhubi, Al-Hadrami, Al-Muflihi, Al-Mausata, Na'wah and Rubeitein. In 1895 Sultan Qahtan bin Umar succeeded to the titular chieftainship on the death of Sultan Muhammad bin Ali. Very few dealings were held with the Upper Yafai till 1903, when in that year it was proposed to demarcate the north-eastern frontier. Treaties were concluded with the Dhubi, Mausatta and Muflahi sections, with Sultan Qahtan as titular chief of the whole tribe, and with the Hadrami and Shaibi sections. In August the Shaibi frontier was demarcated, but, on the survey party entering the Rubiatein district, a post which had been established at Awabil was attacked by Sultan Salih bin Umar, Sultan Qahtan's brother. The attack was repelled but as the Turks declared that any advance into the Rada district would imperil the negotiations then proceeding between the two countries, all attempts to demarcate the north-eastern frontier were abandoned. In October 1903 an Agreement was made by Shaikh Mutahir Ali of the Shaibi tribe, by which he undertook to look after the boundary pillars for a monthly stipend of 7 dollars. In 1904 owing to the agreement entered into with the British Government, Sultan Qahtan bin Umar was deposed by tribesmen headed by his brother, Salih. In 1905 Government sanctioned the gift to Sultan Qahtan of $3,000 as assistance towards effecting his rehabilitation. The Shaibi tribesmen have their headmen of clans, who owe a sort of allegiance to a stipendiary by name Shaikh Ali Mana, the Saqladi. The Nuqaba of Mausatta, two of whom share the stipend granted to them by His Majesty's Government under the terms of their Treaty, assert that they have considerable influence in Shaibi; and Shaikh Ali Muhsin Askar, the son of Muhsin Askar (one Mausatta stipendiary), frequently visited the country as mediator. In recognition of his importance, Ali Muhsin Askar was granted an allowance of $20 a month, so long as he remained faithful to Government. In 1906 Ali Muhsin Askar, owing to a fancied slight which he asserted that he had received in Aden, returned to the Shaibi country and knock- ed down a boundary pillar. His allowance was stopped till he came into Dhala before the Resident and asked for pardon. In 1913 Sultan Qahtan died, without having succeeded in getting himself reinstated. He was succeeded by his son, Sultan Umar, but his recognition was withheld by Government who gave him one year's time within which to bring about his rehabilitation, and continued to him provisionally the stipend paid to his father. The period was extended from year to year till 1919, when he abdicated in favour of his uncle Salih. The latter had been accepted by the Muflahi section as their Sultan in 1911, and in 1920 he was recognized by His Majesty's Government and was granted the stipend previously paid to Sultan Umar. In November 1919 the Imam of Sanaa's troops captured Shaib', Rubiatein, Nawa and Dhabiani. They were compelled to evacuate Shuib in July 1928 but still occupied the other three Yafai sections.States
* Al-Busi * Al-Dhubi * Hadrami * Mawsata * Maflahi * Na'wah * Rubeaten * JubanRulers
Sheikhs of Upper Yafa
* c.1730 – 1735: `Ali ibn Ahmad Al Harhara * c.1735 – 1750: Ahmad ibn `Ali Al Harhara * c.1750 – 1780: Salih I ibn Ahmad Al Harhara * c.1780 – 1800: `Umar I ibn Salih Al HarharaSultans of Upper Yafa
* c.1800 – 1810: Qahtan I ibn `Umar ibn Salih Al Harhara (1st time) * c.1810 – 1815: `Umar II ibn Qahtan ibn `Umar Al Harhara * c.1815 – 1840: Qahtan I ibn `Umar ibn Qahtan Al Harhara (2nd time) * c.1840 – 1866: `Abd Allah ibn Nasir ibn Salih Al Harhara * 1866 – 1875: al-Husayn ibn Abi Bakr ibn Qahtan Al Harhara * 1875 – 28 Apr 1895: Muhammad I ibn `Ali ibn Salih ibn Ahmad Al Harhara * 1895 – 1903: Qahtan II ibn `Umar ibn al-Husayn Al Harhara * 4 Dec 1903 – 1913: Salih II ibn `Umar ibn al-Husayn Al Harhara (1st time) * 1913 – 1919: `Umar III ibn Qahtan ibn `Umar Al Harhara * 1919 – 1927: Salih II ibn `Umar ibn al-Husayn Al Harhara (2nd time) * 1927 – 1948: Umar IV ibn Salih ibn `Umar Al Harhara * 1948 – 29 Nov 1967: Muhammad II ibn Salih ibn `Umar Al HarharaPostage stamps
The Sultanate of Upper Yafa issued stamps in September 1967 although Mahjaba did not have functioning postal services at that time. Artistamp artist Bruce Grenville has created a set of stamps for the Sultanate of Upper Yafa. Many further stamps were issued, not by the official authority, even after the dissolution of the Federation and the establishment of the Republic of South Yemen. These stamps can be found in the Phillips CD Catalogue of Oman State, Dhufar and South Arabia (Volume 15)See also
* List of Sunni dynasties * Lower Yafa * Protectorate of South ArabiaReferences
External links