USS Wandank (ATA-204)

The second USS ''Wandank'' (ATA-204), originally USS ''ATA-204'', was a United States Navy auxiliary ocean tug in commission from 1945 to 1947 and again from 1952 to 1971. The ship is possibly best known for supporting scientific operations in the Marianas, in particular serving as communication relay and support ship for the bathyscaphe ''Trieste'' in Project Nekton; she towed the bathyscaphe some 260 nautical miles (482 kilometers) from Guam to the vicinity of the Challenger Deep, where, on 23 January 1960, ''Trieste'' descended to a record .

Construction and commissioning

Originally projected as steel-hulled rescue tug USS ''ATR—131'', ''Wandank'' was laid down as USS ''ATA-204'' on 25 September 1944 at Port Arthur, Texas, by the Gulfport Boiler and Welding Works. She was launched on 9 November 1944 and commissioned on 18 January 1945. She was 143 ft in length and displaced 835 tons.

First period in commission, 1945-1947

World War II service, 1945

Following her shakedown in the Caribbean, ''ATA-204'' got underway on 23 February 1945 for the Panama Canal, en route to World War II service in the Pacific Ocean. She operated with the United States Pacific Fleet through the end of hostilities, performing services at locales ranging from Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, to the Marshall Islands.

Postwar service and decommissioning, 1945-1947

After hostilities ended on 15 August 1945, ''ATA-204'' returned to the United States at San Francisco, California, late in August 1945. She soon shifted to the Puget Sound Navy Yard, Bremerton, Washington. She operated in the 13th Naval District until she was decommissioned on 26 November 1947 and placed in reserve.

Second period in commission, 1952-1971

Pearl Harbor service, 1952-1955

The onset of the Korean War (1950-1953) gave ''ATA-204'' a new lease on life by triggering the expansion of the United States Navy. ''ATA-204'' was reactivated on 17 April 1952 at Astoria, Oregon, for assignment to the 14th Naval District. Recommissioned at Pearl Harbor on 3 May 1952 she was renamed USS ''Wandank'' while retaining her "ATA-204" designation. She operated out of Pearl Harbor until 1955, providing tug and tow services for the Pacific Fleet, and occasionally deployed to American Samoa and other Pacific islands with tows.

Mariana Islands service, 1955-1967

On 9 September 1955, ''Wandank'' was transferred to the Mariana Islands. There, she towed barges of supplies, stood ready to assist in search-and-rescue operations, provided target services for gunnery and torpedo exercises, and conducted local surveillance missions out of Guam into the 1960s.

During this deployment, ''Wandank'' supported scientific operations in addition to her more routine duties. In January 1960, for example, she served as communication relay and support ship for the bathyscaphe ''Trieste'' in Project Nekton; she towed the bathyscaphe some 260 nautical miles (482 kilometers) from Guam to the vicinity of the Challenger Deep, where, on 23 January 1960, ''Trieste'' descended to a record . Hydrophone gear aboard ''Wandank'' was still able to communicate with the craft once on the bottom, although the sound waves took seven seconds to make a one-way journey from ship to bathyscaphe, which was nearly seven miles deep.

On occasion, ''Wandank''s operations nonetheless assumed a dangerous character during tropical storms. During one of these storms, which occurred October 19, 1963, ''Wandank'' was trapped between two typhoons while en route to her annual buoy maintenance duty at Chichi Jima in the Bonin Islands. In the heavy seas, her tow line parted, leaving USS ''YCV-18'' adrift. During the ensuing recovery operations, the tug's Lieutenant JG, J. B. Clark, ordered everyone off the fantail out of harm's way. While operating the winch he was knocked overboard when the tow line snapped. Several crewmen jumped in to try to save him but were not able to get him back on board.

In November 1964, ''Wandank'' conducted a survey of the Solomon Islands in a joint project sponsored by the University of Hawaii's Institute of Geophysics and the Office of Naval Research; during the course of this operation, she measured the earth's gravity in the area.

In July 1966, ''Wandank'' rendezvoused with Japanese merchantman ''Yeiji Maru'', which had been experiencing engine trouble, and escorted the distressed ship to Guam. Later that year, she towed SS ''Old Westbury'' to a safe haven, relieving auxiliary ocean tug USS ''Sunnadin'' (ATA-197), which had run low on fuel on 11 November 1966.

The year 1967 passed with much the same routine.

Vietnam War and Mariana Islands service, 1968-1971

In 1968, ''Wandank'' participated in her first operations in connection with the Vietnam War. She towed gasoline barge USS ''YOG-131'' from Guam to Da Nang, South Vietnam, from 3 January 1968 to 15 January 1968. After returning from Vietnamese waters, she performed island survey duties in the western Caroline Islands and subsequently helped to search for floating drydock USS ''AFDM-6'', which had broken loose from her civilian tow vessel. ''Wandank'' next participated in special operations into the summer of 1968 before making a second voyage to Vietnamese waters, towing USS ''APL-30'' to Vung Tau, South Vietnam, from 16 August 1968 to 1 September 1968.

''Wandank'' commenced in 1969 with more island surveillance missions in the central Caroline Islands, sending a landing party ashore from her crew to ascertain the needs of the islanders who lived under the care and protection of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands. She conducted a training mission to Yokosuka, Japan, in February and March 1969 before returning to a schedule of surveillance operations in the northern Mariana Islands. She trained for possible participation in Project Apollo in April 1969 before she towed three barges from Sattahip, Thailand, to Vung Tau, South Vietnam, from 13 April 1969 to 8 May 1969.

Upon returning to the vicinity of the Mariana and Caroline Islands soon thereafter, she conducted local operations through the end of 1969. Wandank interrupted this duty only long enough to tow landing craft utility USS ''LCU-1483'' to Ponape Island and USS ''LCU-1497'' to Majuro, from 25 November 1969 to 4 December 1969.

During her final full year of naval service, 1970, ''Wandank'' conducted local operations out of her home port of Apra Harbor, Guam.

She got underway from Guam on 20 January 1971 for Hong Kong and then escorted three ''Asheville''-class patrol gunboats to Subic Bay, the Philippines and Cam Ranh Bay. South Vietnam, serving as a communication back-up vessel. She later escorted two gunboats from Cam Ranh Bay to Hong Kong before returning to island surveillance duties.

Final decommissioning and disposal

Decommissioned at Guam on 1 July 1971, ''Wandank'' was simultaneously turned over to the Department of the Interior for service in the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands. Returned to the Navy on 22 May 1973, ''Wandank'' was adjudged unfit for further Navy service and accordingly struck from the Navy List on 1 August 1973. Subsequently, returned to the Department of the Interior as her original designation number ATR-131, she resumed service in the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands on island surveillance and local towing duties.

She was finally sunk as a target ship in 1979.
Table giving fate of USN tugs after decommissioning. Length, tonnage, and date of commission is also given.

Honors and awards

''Wandank'' was awarded three battle stars for her Vietnam War service.

References

External links

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Wandank (AT-26)
Sotoyomo-class tugs
World War II auxiliary ships of the United States
Cold War auxiliary ships of the United States
Vietnam War auxiliary ships of the United States
Ships built in Port Arthur, Texas
1944 ships
Research vessels of the United States Navy