The

United States Army Transportation Corps The Transportation Corps is a combat service support branch of the U.S. Army. It is responsible for the movement of personnel and material by truck, rail, air, and sea. It is one of three U.S. Army logistics branches, the others being the Qua ...

(USATC) S200 Class is a class of

2-8-2 Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, represents the wheel arrangement of two leading wheels on one axle, usually in a leading truck, eight powered and coupled driving wheels on four axles and two trailing wh ...

steam locomotive A steam locomotive is a locomotive that provides the force to move itself and other vehicles by means of the expansion of steam. It is fuelled by burning combustible material (usually coal, Fuel oil, oil or, rarely, Wood fuel, wood) to heat ...

. They were introduced in 1941 and lent-leased to the

United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of European mainland, the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotlan ...

for use in the

Middle East The Middle East (term originally coined in English language) is a geopolitical region encompassing the Arabian Peninsula, the Levant, Turkey, Egypt, Iran, and Iraq. The term came into widespread usage by the United Kingdom and western Eur ...

during

World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

Service

Middle East

At least 85 S200s operated in the Middle East, including

Egypt Egypt ( , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a country spanning the Northeast Africa, northeast corner of Africa and Western Asia, southwest corner of Asia via the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to northe ...

, Palestine and Lebanon. One was destroyed by fire at

El Arish ʻArish or el-ʻArīsh ( ' ) is the capital and largest city of the North Sinai Governorate of Egypt, as well as the largest city on the Sinai Peninsula, lying on the Mediterranean coast northeast of Cairo and west of the Egypt–Gaza border ...

in Egypt in 1942. 29 of this batch was later supplied to

Turkey Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a relatively small part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the north; Georgia (country), Georgia, Armen ...

where they became the TCDD 46201 Class. In 1946, another 24 were transferred to

TCDD TCDD may refer to: * Turkish State Railways (Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devlet Demiryolları), the national railway carrier of Turkey ** TCDD Taşımacılık, a Turkish transport company responsible for railway operations * 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzodiox ...

which added them to the same number series 46201–46253. 51 S200s built in 1942 served on the

Trans-Iranian Railway The Trans-Iranian Railway () was a major railway building project started in Pahlavi Iran in 1927 and completed in 1938, under the direction of the then-Iranian monarch Reza Shah. It was entirely built with indigenous capital, and links the capit ...

, where they became Iranian class 42.

Europe

After the

Allied invasion of Italy The Allied invasion of Italy was the Allies of World War II, Allied Amphibious warfare, amphibious landing on mainland Italy that took place from 3 September 1943, during the Italian campaign (World War II), Italian campaign of World War II. T ...

, 31 S200s were transferred and used there. 30 of these entered FS stock as

FS Class 747 FS, fS or fs may refer to: Arts and entertainment * FS (musician) (real name Fred Sargolini), American dubstep producer and DJ from New York * FS Catalogue, a numbered list of all compositions by Carl Nielsen * FS Film, a Finnish film distributor ...

Nos. 747.001–747.030; the other one caught fire and was destroyed.

Asia

Thirty were donated to

China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. With population of China, a population exceeding 1.4 billion, it is the list of countries by population (United Nations), second-most populous country after ...

by the

UNRRA United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA, pronounced ) was an international relief agency founded in November 1943 on the joint initiative of the United States, United Kingdom, USSR, and the Republic of China. Its purpose ...

China Railway China State Railway Group Co., Ltd., doing business as China Railway (CR), is the national passenger and freight railroad corporation of the China, People's Republic of China. China Railway operates passenger and freight Rail transport in Chi ...

designated these as class ㄇㄎ10 (MK10) in 1951, then reclassifying them as class 解放10 (JF10, ''Jiefang'', "Liberation") and numbering them 3711−3740.

Survivors

Two of the Turkish locomotives survive: 46224 at

Ankara Ankara is the capital city of Turkey and List of national capitals by area, the largest capital by area in the world. Located in the Central Anatolia Region, central part of Anatolia, the city has a population of 5,290,822 in its urban center ( ...

and 46244 at the

Çamlık Railway Museum The Çamlık Railway Museum, also known as Çamlık Steam Locomotive Museum ( or ''Çamlık Buharlı Lokomotif Müzesi''), is an outdoor railway museum at Çamlık village of Selçuk district in İzmir Province, Turkey. It is the largest railway ...

References

* * *

External links

Alexandros Gregoriou: ''The USATC steam locomotives in Greece, 1947, 1959''

Trains of Turkey: ''46201 to 46253''
{{Locomotives of China 2-8-2 locomotives S200 War Department locomotives ALCO locomotives Baldwin locomotives Lima locomotives Railway locomotives introduced in 1942 Steam locomotives of Iran Steam locomotives of Lebanon Steam locomotives of China Steam locomotives of Turkey Steam locomotives of Mandatory Palestine Standard-gauge steam locomotives of Egypt Standard-gauge locomotives of Iran Standard-gauge locomotives of Lebanon Standard-gauge locomotives of China Standard-gauge locomotives of Turkey Standard-gauge locomotives of Mandatory Palestine 1′D1′ h2 locomotives Freight locomotives