Tymovskoye () is an urban locality (an

urban-type settlement Urban-type settlement, abbreviated: ; , abbreviated: ; ; ; ; . is an official designation for lesser urbanized settlements, used in several Central and Eastern Europe, Central and Eastern European countries. The term was primarily used in the So ...

) and the

administrative center An administrative centre is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune, is located. In countries with French as the administrative language, such as Belgiu ...

of Tymovsky District of

Sakhalin Oblast Sakhalin Oblast ( rus, Сахали́нская о́бласть, r=Sakhalinskaya oblastʹ, p=səxɐˈlʲinskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast) comprising the island of Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands in the Russian ...

Russia Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders ...

, located in the central part of the

Sakhalin Island Sakhalin ( rus, Сахали́н, p=səxɐˈlʲin) is an island in Northeast Asia. Its north coast lies off the southeastern coast of Khabarovsk Krai in Russia, while its southern tip lies north of the Japanese island of Hokkaido. An islan ...

on the right bank of the

Tym River The Tym () is a river in Krasnoyarsk Krai and Tomsk Oblast in Russia, right tributary of the Ob. The length of the river is , and it drains a basin of . The Tym freezes up in October to early November and stays icebound until late April to May. ...

, about north of

Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk (, , ) is a city and the administrative center of Sakhalin Oblast, Russia. It is located on Sakhalin Island in the Russian Far East, north of Japan. Gas and oil extraction as well as processing are amongst the main industries on ...

. Population:

History

The original

Nivkh Nivkh or Amuric or Gilyak may refer to: * Nivkh people (''Nivkhs'') or Gilyak people (''Gilyaks'') * Nivkh languages or Gilyak languages * Gilyak class gunboat, ''Gilyak'' class gunboat, such as the Russian gunboat Korietz#Second gunboat, second R ...

name of the Tymy river comes from the words Tymy (smoke), which means a depression at the bottom of the river where fish spawns, and "and" is the river. Therefore, the name of the river can be translated as "spawning river." In 1880 Derbinskoye (the original name of Tymovskoye) settlement for exiled convicts was founded, named after warden Derbin, who was killed by a prisoner for his cruel treatment. The writer

Anton Chekhov Anton Pavlovich Chekhov (; ; 29 January 1860 – 15 July 1904) was a Russian playwright and short-story writer, widely considered to be one of the greatest writers of all time. His career as a playwright produced four classics, and his b ...

visited Derbinskoye in 1890 during his travel through Sakhalin and described it in his book, ''Sakhalin Island''. During the

Russo-Japanese War The Russo-Japanese War (8 February 1904 – 5 September 1905) was fought between the Russian Empire and the Empire of Japan over rival imperial ambitions in Manchuria and the Korean Empire. The major land battles of the war were fought on the ...

of 1904–1905, the area around Derbinskoye was occupied by Japanese troops, and then again after the

October Revolution The October Revolution, also known as the Great October Socialist Revolution (in Historiography in the Soviet Union, Soviet historiography), October coup, Bolshevik coup, or Bolshevik revolution, was the second of Russian Revolution, two r ...

of 1917. The Bolsheviks did not regain control over northern Sakhalin until May 1925. Derbinskoye became the administrative center of Rykovsky District in 1928. The settlement was given its present name of November 15, 1949.S. Gorbunov: The Tym-Valley: Steps of History - Article on the website of the local history museum of Poronaysk (Russian, PDF)
/ref> On November 15, 1949, Derbinskoye was renamed to Tymovskoye. Under

Joseph Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (born Dzhugashvili; 5 March 1953) was a Soviet politician and revolutionary who led the Soviet Union from 1924 until Death and state funeral of Joseph Stalin, his death in 1953. He held power as General Secret ...

, Tymovskoye was home to a prison camp of the

gulag The Gulag was a system of Labor camp, forced labor camps in the Soviet Union. The word ''Gulag'' originally referred only to the division of the Chronology of Soviet secret police agencies, Soviet secret police that was in charge of runnin ...

system. In 1950–1953, this particular camp was the base for forced labor used in the construction of a railway connecting the planned tunnel between Sakhalin and the Russian mainland with the existing Sakhalin rail network. In 1963, Tymovskoye was granted urban-type settlement status.

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Tymovskoye serves as the

of Tymovsky District and is subordinated to it.Law #25-ZO As a municipal division, the urban-type settlement of Tymovskoye and twenty-four rural localities of Tymovsky District are incorporated as Tymovsky Urban Okrug.Law #524

Economy

The main industries in the town today are timber production and food processing.

Transportation

The settlement is served by the narrow gauge

Sakhalin Railway Sakhalin Railway () is a division of the Far Eastern Railway that primarily serves Sakhalin Island. Due to its island location, the railway is the second isolated 1520mm gauge network in Russia, like the Norilsk railway. The only main connectio ...

, with a station (named ''Tymovsk'') on the line leading north towards

Nogliki Nogliki () is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) and the administrative center of Nogliksky District of Sakhalin Oblast, Russia, located near the eastern coast of Sakhalin Island, about inland from the Sea of Okhotsk shoreline and ab ...

. Construction of the rail line reached Tymovskoye in the 1970s. The largest locomotive depot for the northern section of the rail line is located here. The R487 road from

to Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky via

Poronaysk Poronaysk (; ; Ainu: ''Sistukari'' or ''Sisi Tukari'') is a town and the administrative center of Poronaysky District of Sakhalin Oblast, Russia, located on the Poronay River north of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk. Population: History It was founded i ...

also passes through Tymovskoye. The road to Nogliki and Okha on the east coast of the island also branches here, following the Tym downstream.

Notable people

Bronisław Piłsudski Bronisław Piotr Piłsudski (; 2 November 1866 – 17 May 1918) was a Polish ethnologist who researched the Ainu people after he was exiled by Tsar Alexander III of Russia to the Far East. Piłsudski considered himself Polish, Lithuanian ...

(1866–1918), Polish ethnologist, sentenced to fifteen years of forced labor for planned assassination of

Tsar Tsar (; also spelled ''czar'', ''tzar'', or ''csar''; ; ; sr-Cyrl-Latn, цар, car) is a title historically used by Slavic monarchs. The term is derived from the Latin word '' caesar'', which was intended to mean ''emperor'' in the Euro ...

History

Administrative and municipal status

Economy

Transportation

Notable people

References

Notes

Sources