Southern Lushootseed, also called Twulshootseed () or Whulshootseed () in the

Muckleshoot The Muckleshoot Indian Tribe ( ; ), also known as the Muckleshoot Tribe, is a federally-recognized tribe located in Auburn, Washington. The tribe governs the Muckleshoot Reservation and is composed of descendants of the Duwamish, Stkamish, ...

and Snoqualmie dialects, is the southern dialect of

Lushootseed Lushootseed ( ), historically known as Puget Salish, Puget Sound Salish, or Skagit-Nisqually, is a Central Coast Salish language of the Salishan language family. Lushootseed is the general name for the dialect continuum composed of two main di ...

, a Coast Salish language in western

Washington State Washington, officially the State of Washington, is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. It is often referred to as Washington State to distinguish it from the national capital, both named after George Washington ...

. It was historically spoken by the

Puyallup Puyallup may refer to: * Puyallup people, a Coast Salish people * Puyallup Tribe of Indians, a federally-recognized tribe * Puyallup, Washington, a city ** Puyallup High School ** Puyallup School District ** Puyallup station, a Sounder commuter ...

Suquamish The Suquamish () are a Lushootseed-speaking Native American people, located in present-day Washington in the United States. They are a southern Coast Salish people. Today, most Suquamish people are enrolled in the federally recognized Su ...

Duwamish Duwamish may refer to: People * Duwamish people, a Lushootseed-speaking Indigenous people in Washington state * Duwamish Tribe, an unrecognized tribe of Duwamish descendants Places * Duwamish Head, a promontory jutting into Elliott Bay * Duw ...

Nisqually Nisqually, Niskwalli, or Nisqualli may refer to: People * Nisqually people, a Coast Salish ethnic group * Nisqually Indian Tribe of the Nisqually Reservation, federally recognized tribe ** Nisqually Indian Reservation, the tribe's reservation in ...

, and

Squaxin Island Squaxin Island is in the extreme southwestern part of Puget Sound in Mason County, Washington, United States. The island is an Indian reservation An American Indian reservation is an area of land land tenure, held and governed by a List of ...

tribes. The last native speaker was Ellen Williams (1923–2016) and her death rendered the language extinct. Whulshootseed is taught at the Muckleshoot Language Program of the Muckleshoot Tribal College in

Auburn, Washington Auburn is a city in King County, Washington, King County, Washington (state), Washington, United States (with a small portion crossing into neighboring Pierce County, Washington, Pierce County). The population was 87,256 at the 2020 United States ...

, at a local school, and by the Puyallup Tribal Language Program. A 1999 video, ''Muckleshoot: a People and Their Language'' profiles the Muckleshoot Whulshootseed Language Preservation Project.

References

External links

The Whulshootseed alphabetPlacenames, Squaxin Island tribePuyallup Tribal Language Program
Whulshootseed learning materials Indigenous languages of the Pacific Northwest Coast Extinct languages of North America Coast Salish languages Indigenous languages of Washington (state) Native American language revitalization Nisqually {{Washington-stub

See also

References

External links