Tumlong is a village in the
India
India, officially the Republic of India ( Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the ...
n
state
State may refer to:
Arts, entertainment, and media Literature
* ''State Magazine'', a monthly magazine published by the U.S. Department of State
* ''The State'' (newspaper), a daily newspaper in Columbia, South Carolina, United States
* '' Our ...
of
Sikkim
Sikkim (; ) is a state in Northeastern India. It borders the Tibet Autonomous Region of China in the north and northeast, Bhutan in the east, Province No. 1 of Nepal in the west and West Bengal in the south. Sikkim is also close to the Siligu ...
in northeastern India. It is located in the Mangan sub division of
North Sikkim
North Sikkim (now officially named as Mangan District) is a district of the Indian state of Sikkim. Its district headquarters is Mangan. It is the seventh least populous district in the country (out of 640).
Geography
The district is the ...
district. it is on the bank of the Dik Chu river, a tributary of the
Teesta River
Teesta River is a long river that rises in the Pauhunri Mountain of eastern Himalayas, flows through the Indian states of Sikkim and West Bengal through Rangpur, Bangladesh, Rangpur, and enters the Bay of Bengal. It drains an area of . In I ...
.
Tumlong was the capital of the
Kingdom of Sikkim
The Kingdom of Sikkim (Classical Tibetan and sip, འབྲས་ལྗོངས།, ''Drenjong''), officially Dremoshong (Classical Tibetan and sip, འབྲས་མོ་གཤོངས།) until the 1800s, was a hereditary monarc ...
between 1793 and 1861. The Sikkim Chogyals had a palace here, and a summer palace in
Chumbi
Chumbi (; ) is a historic village in the Chumbi Valley or the Yadong County of the Tibet Autonomous Region of China. It is in the valley of Amo Chu river, where the route from Sikkim's Cho La pass meets the Amo Chu valley.
The "Chumbi Valley" of ...
in the Lower Chumbi Valley. There was route between the two locations via the
Cho La pass. In 1861, the capital was moved to Gangtok in order to be closer to the
Darjeeling district
Darjeeling District is the northernmost district of the state of West Bengal in eastern India in the foothills of the Himalayas. The district is famous for its hill station and Darjeeling tea. Darjeeling is the district headquarters.
Kurseo ...
, which was under the administration of the
British Raj
The British Raj (; from Hindi language, Hindi ''rāj'': kingdom, realm, state, or empire) was the rule of the British The Crown, Crown on the Indian subcontinent;
*
* it is also called Crown rule in India,
*
*
*
*
or Direct rule in India,
* Q ...
.
History
Tumlong was the third capital after
Yuksom
Yuksom is a historical town in Geyzing subdivision of West Sikkim district in the Northeast Indian state of Sikkim. It was the first capital of Kingdom of Sikkim established in 1642 AD by Phuntsog Namgyal who was the first Chogyal (temporal an ...
and
Rabdentse
Rabdentse was the second capital of the former Kingdom of Sikkim from 1670 to 1814. The capital city was destroyed by the invading Gurkha army and only the ruins of the palace and the chortens are seen here now. However, the ruins of this city ...
close to
Nepal
Nepal (; ne, नेपाल ), formerly the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal ( ne,
सङ्घीय लोकतान्त्रिक गणतन्त्र नेपाल ), is a landlocked country in South Asia. It is ma ...
. After repeated raids, the capital was shifted to Tumlong, further inland, in 1793 by
Tshudpud Namgyal. The
Treaty of Tumlong was signed here in 1861 between the British and the Sikkim Rajah.
In 1894,
Thutob Namgyal
Thutob Namgyal ( Sikkimese: ; Wylie: ''mthu-stobs rnam-rgyal'') (1860 – 11 February 1914) was the ruling chogyal (monarch) of Sikkim between 1874 and 1914. Thutob ascended to the throne succeeding his half-brother Sidkeong Namgyal who died ...
shifted the capital of Sikkim from Tumlong to the current capital of
Gangtok
Gangtok is a city, municipality, the capital and the largest populated place of the Indian state of Sikkim. It is also the headquarters of the Gangtok District. Gangtok is in the eastern Himalayan range, at an elevation of . The city's populat ...
.
Geography
Tumlong is located at . It has an average elevation of 1,473 metres (4,833 feet). Seven Sisters Waterfall is located nearby to this village.
People
Many of the village's men are monks at the Buddhist monastery that rests at the top of the village. The villagers speak
Sikkimese,
Nepali
Nepali or Nepalese may refer to :
Concerning Nepal
* Anything of, from, or related to Nepal
* Nepali people, citizens of Nepal
* Nepali language, an Indo-Aryan language found in Nepal, the current official national language and a language spoken ...
and
Hindi
Hindi (Devanāgarī: or , ), or more precisely Modern Standard Hindi (Devanagari: ), is an Indo-Aryan languages, Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in the Hindi Belt region encompassing parts of North India, northern, Central India, centr ...
. According to the 2011 census, the village's population is 425. The literacy rate is 78.28% compared to 81.42% for the district.
Services
Education
Tumlong has an elementary school and is a short walk from a high school.
Healthcare
In Tumlong (specifically in Phodong under the same ''
gram panchayat
Gram Panchayat () is a basic village-governing institute in Indian villages. It is a democratic structure at the grass-roots level in India. It is a political institute, acting as cabinet of the village. The Gram Sabha work as the general bo ...
'') there is a Primary Health Centre (PHC) with two residential doctors and a staff including nurses.
Historical Photographs
LOUIS(1894) p151 TUMLONG - BUDDHIST PROCESSION.jpg, Buddhist Procession
LOUIS(1894) p146 PRAYER WHEELS.jpg, Prayer Wheels
LOUIS(1894) p124 TUMLONG - BUDDHIST MONASTERY.jpg, Buddhist Monastery
LOUIS(1894) p162 TUMLONG - THE PALACE.jpg, The Palace of Tumlong
References
{{Reflist
History of Sikkim
Cities and towns in Mangan district