Tumlong is a village in the

India India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area; the List of countries by population (United Nations), most populous country since ...

state State most commonly refers to: * State (polity), a centralized political organization that regulates law and society within a territory **Sovereign state, a sovereign polity in international law, commonly referred to as a country **Nation state, a ...

Sikkim Sikkim ( ; ) is a States and union territories of India, state in northeastern India. It borders the Tibet Autonomous Region of China in the north and northeast, Bhutan in the east, Koshi Province of Nepal in the west, and West Bengal in the ...

in northeastern India. It is located in the Mangan sub division of

North Sikkim North Sikkim (now officially named as Mangan District) is a district of the Indian state of Sikkim. Its district headquarters is Mangan. It is the seventh least populous district in the country (out of 640). Geography Mangan is the largest ...

district. it is on the bank of the Dik Chu river, a tributary of the

Teesta River Teesta River is a long river that rises in the Pauhunri Mountain of eastern Himalayas, flows through the Indian states of Sikkim and West Bengal and subsequently enters Bangladesh through Rangpur division. In Bangladesh, it merges with Jamu ...

. Tumlong was the capital of the

Kingdom of Sikkim The Kingdom of Sikkim (Classical Tibetan and , ''Drenjong'', , ''Sikimr Gyalkhab'') officially Dremoshong (Classical Tibetan and ) until the 1800s, was a hereditary monarchy in the Eastern Himalayas which existed from 1642 to 16 May 1975 ...

between 1793 and 1861. The Sikkim Chogyals had a palace here, and a summer palace in

Chumbi Chumbi (; ) is a historic village in the Chumbi Valley or the Yadong County of the Tibet Autonomous Region of China. It is in the valley of the Amo Chu River, where the route from Sikkim's Cho La Pass meets the Amo Chu Valley. The "Chumbi Va ...

in the Lower Chumbi Valley. There was route between the two locations via the Cho La pass. In 1861, the capital was moved to Gangtok in order to be closer to the Darjeeling district, which was under the administration of the

British Raj The British Raj ( ; from Hindustani language, Hindustani , 'reign', 'rule' or 'government') was the colonial rule of the British The Crown, Crown on the Indian subcontinent, * * lasting from 1858 to 1947. * * It is also called Crown rule ...

History

Tumlong was the third capital after

Yuksom Yuksom () is a historical town 40 km north of Gyalshing in the Gyalshing district in the northeast Indian state of Sikkim. It was the first capital of Kingdom of Sikkim established in 1642 AD by Phuntsog Namgyal, the first Chogyal of Sikkim. ...

and

Rabdentse Rabdentse was the second capital of the former Kingdom of Sikkim from 1670 to 1814. The capital city was destroyed by the invading Gurkha army and only the ruins of the palace and the chortens are seen here now. However, the ruins of this city ...

close to

Nepal Nepal, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, is a landlocked country in South Asia. It is mainly situated in the Himalayas, but also includes parts of the Indo-Gangetic Plain. It borders the Tibet Autonomous Region of China Ch ...

. After repeated raids, the capital was shifted to Tumlong, further inland, in 1793 by Tshudpud Namgyal. The

Treaty of Tumlong A treaty is a formal, legally binding written agreement between sovereign states and/or international organizations that is governed by international law. A treaty may also be known as an international agreement, protocol, covenant, convention ...

was signed here in 1861 between the British and the Sikkim Rajah. In 1894, Thutob Namgyal shifted the capital of Sikkim from Tumlong to the current capital of

Gangtok Gangtok (, ) is the capital and the most populous city of the Indian state of Sikkim. The seat of East Sikkim district, eponymous district, Gangtok is in the eastern Himalayas, Himalayan range, at an elevation of . The city's population of 100 ...

Geography

Tumlong is located at . It has an average elevation of 1,473 metres (4,833 feet). Seven Sisters Waterfall is located nearby to this village.

People

Many of the village's men are monks at the Buddhist monastery that rests at the top of the village. The villagers speak Sikkimese, Nepali and

Hindi Modern Standard Hindi (, ), commonly referred to as Hindi, is the Standard language, standardised variety of the Hindustani language written in the Devanagari script. It is an official language of India, official language of the Government ...

. According to the 2011 census, the village's population is 425. The literacy rate is 78.28% compared to 81.42% for the district.

Services

Education

Tumlong has an elementary school and is a short walk from a high school.

Healthcare

In Tumlong (specifically in Phodong under the same '' gram panchayat'') there is a Primary Health Centre (PHC) with two residential doctors and a staff including nurses.

Historical Photographs

LOUIS(1894) p151 TUMLONG - BUDDHIST PROCESSION.jpg, Buddhist Procession LOUIS(1894) p146 PRAYER WHEELS.jpg, Prayer Wheels LOUIS(1894) p124 TUMLONG - BUDDHIST MONASTERY.jpg, Buddhist Monastery LOUIS(1894) p162 TUMLONG - THE PALACE.jpg, The Palace of Tumlong

References

{{Reflist Kingdom of Sikkim Cities and towns in Mangan district Former national capitals