Tropical Storm Nancy (1966)
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The 1966 Pacific typhoon season was an active season, with many
tropical cyclone A tropical cyclone is a rapidly rotating storm system with a low-pressure area, a closed low-level atmospheric circulation, strong winds, and a spiral arrangement of thunderstorms that produce heavy rain and squalls. Depending on its locat ...
s having severe impacts in China, Japan, and the
Philippines The Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is an Archipelagic state, archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. Located in the western Pacific Ocean, it consists of List of islands of the Philippines, 7,641 islands, with a tot ...
. Overall, there were 49 tropical depressions declared officially or unofficially, of which 30 officially became named storms; of those, 20 reached
typhoon A typhoon is a tropical cyclone that develops between 180° and 100°E in the Northern Hemisphere and which produces sustained hurricane-force winds of at least . This region is referred to as the Northwestern Pacific Basin, accounting for a ...
status, while 3 further became super typhoons by having winds of at least . Throughout the year, storms were responsible for at least 997 fatalities and $377.6 million in damage; however, a complete record of their effects is unavailable. It is widely accepted that wind estimates in the Western North Pacific during the reconnaissance era prior to 1988 are subject to great error. In many cases, intensities were grossly overestimated due to a combination inadequate technology and a lesser understanding of the mechanics behind tropical cyclones as compared to the present day. Additionally, methodologies for obtaining wind estimates have changed over the decades and is not the same today as in 1966. A joint reanalysis of typhoons from 1966 to 1987 was conducted by the Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere at
Colorado State University Colorado State University (Colorado State or CSU) is a Public university, public Land-grant university, land-grant research university in Fort Collins, Colorado, United States. It is the flagship university of the Colorado State University Syst ...
and the
United States Naval Research Laboratory The United States Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) is the corporate research laboratory for the United States Navy and the United States Marine Corps. Located in Washington, DC, it was founded in 1923 and conducts basic scientific research, appl ...
in 2006 to correct some of these errors. Many storms in 1966 received strength reductions as a result of this study; however, the results of the research have not been implemented into the official database. Notably the number of major typhoons, Category 3-equivalent or higher on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale, was reduced from eight to six, including the removal of a Category 5. The western Pacific basin covers the Pacific Ocean, north of the equator and west of the
International Date Line The International Date Line (IDL) is the line extending between the South and North Poles that is the boundary between one calendar day and the next. It passes through the Pacific Ocean, roughly following the 180.0° line of longitude and de ...
. Storms that form east of the date line and north of the equator are called hurricanes; see
1966 Pacific hurricane season The 1966 Pacific hurricane season started on May 15, 1966, and ended November 30, 1966. The season was of little note. Hurricane Blanca traveled 4,300 miles, setting a new record. During September and October of the year, Hurricane ...
. Tropical Storms formed in the entire west Pacific basin were assigned a name by the
Joint Typhoon Warning Center The Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) is a joint United States Navy – United States Air Force command in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The JTWC is responsible for the issuing of tropical cyclone warnings in the North-West Pacific Ocean, South P ...
(JTWC). The
Japan Meteorological Agency The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA; ''気象庁, Kishō-chō'') is a division of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism dedicated to the Scientific, scientific observation and research of natural phenomena. Headquartered ...
(JMA) also monitored systems in the basin; however, it was not recognized as the
Regional Specialized Meteorological Center A Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre (RSMC) is responsible for the distribution of information, advisories, and warnings regarding the specific program they have a part of, agreed by consensus at the World Meteorological Organization as ...
until 1968. Tropical depressions that enter or form in the Philippine area of responsibility are assigned a name by the
Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (, abbreviated as PAGASA , which means "hope" as in the Tagalog word ''pag-asa'') is the National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHS) agency of the P ...
(PAGASA), which can result in the same storm having two names; in these cases both storm names are given below, with the PAGASA name in parentheses.


Systems

ImageSize = width:985 height:325 PlotArea = top:10 bottom:80 right:20 left:20 Legend = columns:3 left:30 top:58 columnwidth:270 AlignBars = early DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy Period = from:01/04/1966 till:01/02/1967 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMinor = grid:black unit:month increment:1 start:01/04/1966 Colors = id:canvas value:gray(0.88) id:GP value:red id:TD value:rgb(0.43,0.76,0.92) legend:Tropical_Depression_=_≤38_mph_(≤62_km/h) id:TS value:rgb(0.3,1,1) legend:Tropical_Storm_=_39–73_mph_(63–117_km/h) id:C1 value:rgb(1,1,0.85) legend:Category_1_=_74–95_mph_(118–153_km/h) id:C2 value:rgb(1,0.85,0.55) legend:Category_2_=_96–110_mph_(154–177_km/h) id:C3 value:rgb(1,0.62,0.35) legend:Category_3_=_111–129_mph_(178–208_km/h) id:C4 value:rgb(1,0.45,0.54) legend:Category_4_=_130–156_mph_(209–251_km/h) id:C5 value:rgb(0.55,0.46,0.90) legend:Category_5_=_≥157_mph_(≥252_km/h) Backgroundcolors = canvas:canvas BarData = barset:Hurricane bar:month PlotData= barset:Hurricane width:10 align:left fontsize:S shift:(4,-4) anchor:till from:03/04/1966 till:15/04/1966 color:C2 text:"Hester" from:04/05/1966 till:05/05/1966 color:TD text:"Bising" from:10/05/1966 till:22/05/1966 color:C4 text:" Irma" from:21/05/1966 till:31/05/1966 color:C2 text:"Judy" from:20/06/1966 till:29/06/1966 color:C5 text:" Kit" from:08/07/1966 till:14/07/1966 color:TS text:"Lola" from:14/07/1966 till:18/07/1966 color:C2 text:"Mamie" from:15/07/1966 till:19/07/1966 color:C1 text:"Nina" from:15/07/1966 till:16/07/1966 color:TD text:"Heling" from:20/07/1966 till:23/07/1966 color:TD text:"Miding" from:20/07/1966 till:30/07/1966 color:TD text:"Norming" from:22/07/1966 till:28/07/1966 color:C2 text:"Ora" from:29/07/1966 till:03/08/1966 color:TS text:"Phyllis" from:01/08/1966 till:12/08/1966 color:C1 text:"Rita" from:02/08/1966 till:06/08/1966 color:TS text:"Unnamed" from:10/08/1966 till:20/08/1966 color:C2 text:"Tess" from:12/08/1966 till:18/08/1966 color:C1 text:"Susan" barset:break from:18/08/1966 till:22/08/1966 color:C2 text:"Viola" from:18/08/1966 till:25/08/1966 color:TS text:"Winnie" from:21/08/1966 till:31/08/1966 color:TS text:"Betty" from:24/08/1966 till:04/09/1966 color:C4 text:"Alice" from:28/08/1966 till:07/09/1966 color:C5 text:"
Cora Cora may refer to: Science * ''Cora'' (fungus), a genus of lichens * ''Cora'' (damselfly), a genus of damselflies * CorA metal ion transporter, a Mg2+ influx system People * Cora (name), a given name and surname * Cora E. (born 1968), German h ...
" from:31/08/1966 till:02/09/1966 color:TD text:"19W" from:31/08/1966 till:09/09/1966 color:TD text:"20W" from:04/09/1966 till:10/09/1966 color:TS text:"Doris" from:08/09/1966 till:17/09/1966 color:C4 text:"Elsie" from:09/09/1966 till:19/09/1966 color:C1 text:"Flossie" from:10/09/1966 till:14/09/1966 color:TD text:"TS" from:10/09/1966 till:12/09/1966 color:TD text:"22W" from:13/09/1966 till:17/09/1966 color:TS text:"Grace" from:16/09/1966 till:25/09/1966 color:TS text:"Helen" from:18/09/1966 till:29/09/1966 color:C2 text:"June" from:20/09/1966 till:25/09/1966 color:TS text:"TS" from:22/09/1966 till:25/09/1966 color:C3 text:" Ida" barset:break from:29/09/1966 till:04/10/1966 color:TS text:"TS" from:06/10/1966 till:20/10/1966 color:C3 text:"Kathy" from:09/10/1966 till:12/10/1966 color:TD text:"Sening" from:20/10/1966 till:23/10/1966 color:TD text:"TD" from:21/10/1966 till:25/10/1966 color:TD text:"31W" from:26/10/1966 till:04/11/1966 color:TS text:"Lorna" from:28/10/1966 till:03/11/1966 color:TD text:"34W" from:29/10/1966 till:04/11/1966 color:C3 text:"Marie" from:09/11/1966 till:12/11/1966 color:TD text:"TD" from:11/11/1966 till:12/11/1966 color:TD text:"35W" from:17/11/1966 till:26/11/1966 color:TS text:"Nancy" from:21/11/1966 till:25/11/1966 color:TS text:"Olga" from:27/11/1966 till:01/12/1966 color:TD text:"TD" from:15/12/1966 till:19/12/1966 color:TD text:"38W" from:24/12/1966 till:31/12/1966 color:C2 text:"Pamela" bar:Month width:5 align:center fontsize:S shift:(0,-20) anchor:middle color:canvas from:01/04/1966 till:01/05/1966 text:April from:01/05/1966 till:01/06/1966 text:May from:01/06/1966 till:01/07/1966 text:June from:01/07/1966 till:01/08/1966 text:July from:01/08/1966 till:01/09/1966 text:August from:01/09/1966 till:01/10/1966 text:September from:01/10/1966 till:01/11/1966 text:October from:01/11/1966 till:01/12/1966 text:November from:01/12/1966 till:01/01/1967 text:December from:01/01/1967 till:01/02/1967 text:January of 1967 TextData = pos:(570,30) text:"(From the" pos:(617,30) text:" Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale)"


Typhoon Hester (Atang)


Typhoon Irma (Klaring)

115 mph Typhoon Irma hit the eastern
Samar Samar ( ) is the third-largest and seventh-most populous island in the Philippines, with a total population of 1,909,537 as of the 2020 census. It is located in the eastern Visayas, which are in the central Philippines. The island is divided in ...
on May 15. It weakened over the island, but re-intensified rapidly to a 140 mph typhoon in the
Sibuyan Sea The Sibuyan Sea is a small sea in the Philippines separating Luzon and the Visayas. It is bounded by the island of Panay to the south, Mindoro to the west, Masbate to the east, and to the north Marinduque and the Bicol Peninsula of Luzon. ...
before hitting
Mindoro Mindoro is the seventh largest and eighth-most populous island in the Philippines. With a total land area of 10,571 km2 ( 4,082 sq.mi ), it has a population of 1,408,454, as of the 2020 census. It is located off the southwestern coast of ...
on the 17th. After weakening to a tropical storm, Irma turned northward to hit western
Luzon Luzon ( , ) is the largest and most populous List of islands in the Philippines, island in the Philippines. Located in the northern portion of the List of islands of the Philippines, Philippine archipelago, it is the economic and political ce ...
as a 95 mph typhoon on the 19th. It accelerated to the northeast, and became extratropical on the 22nd. The extratropical remnant raced northeast before abruptly slowing on May 23 well to the east of Japan. During that time, it temporarily turned north while moving erratically. The system later acquired a general eastward track by May 26 and accelerated once more before dissipating near the International Date Line on May 29. Severe damage took place across the Philippines, with
Leyte Leyte ( ) is an island in the Visayas group of islands in the Philippines. It is eighth-largest and sixth-most populous island in the Philippines, with a total population of 2,626,970 as of 2020 census. Since the accessibility of land has been ...
suffering the brunt of Irma's impact. Twenty people died across the country. Preliminary reports indicated that
Tacloban Tacloban ( ; ), officially the City of Tacloban (; ), is a Cities of the Philippines#Legal classification, highly urbanized city on Leyte island in the Eastern Visayas region of the Philippines. According to the 2020 census, Tacloban has a popu ...
incurred $2.5 million in damage. A gasoline explosion near Manila that killed 12 people and injured 18 others was partially attributed to the typhoon. On May 17, the 740 ton vessel ''Pioneer Cebu'' sailed directly into the storm over the
Visayan Sea The Visayan Sea is a sea in the Philippines surrounded by the islands of the Visayas. It is bounded by the islands Masbate to the north, Panay to the west, Leyte to the east, and Cebu and Negros to the south. The sea is connected to severa ...
off the coast of Malapascua Island after ignoring warnings to remain at port. Carrying 262 people, the ship struck a reef while battling rough seas in the typhoon. Passengers began abandoning the sinking vessel soon thereafter under the captain's orders while message about the ship's sinking was relayed by the radio operator. A large wave then struck the ship on its side, capsizing and submerging it entirely. Of the passengers and crew, 122 went down with the ship, including captain Floro Yap, while 140 managed to escape. Rescue operations lasted nearly two days, with many of the survivors being stranded in shark infested waters for upwards of 40 hours. Of the survivors, 130 were picked up by a rescue ship while 10 others were found on nearby islands. Only five bodies were recovered in the area while the rest were presumed to be lost with the ship in an area referred to as the "graveyard of ships." A trading vessel, the ''Banca Alex'', also sank off the coast of Cebu with 80 people aboard; 60 were later rescued while 20 others were never found.


Typhoon Judy (Deling)

Southern Taiwan bore the brunt of Judy's impact, with gusts in the region reaching . The high winds cut electricity throughout the port of
Kaohsiung Kaohsiung, officially Kaohsiung City, is a special municipality located in southern Taiwan. It ranges from the coastal urban center to the rural Yushan Range with an area of . Kaohsiung City has a population of approximately 2.73 million p ...
. Rainfall on the island peaked at . A total of 18 people died while 14 were injured across the island. More than 1,000 homes sustained damage, of which 363 homes were destroyed. The banana crop suffered extensive damage in southern Taiwan, with two provinces reporting 70 percent lost. Total losses to the crop reached $25 million. Total damage amounted to NT$373.5 million. While over the South China Sea, a U.S. Navy aircraft with four crewmen crashed in the storm. A four-day search-and-rescue mission found no trace of the men.


Super Typhoon Kit (Emang)

The incipient disturbance that became Super Typhoon Kit was first identified on June 20 near
Chuuk State Chuuk State (; also known as Truk) is one of the four states of the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM). It consists of several island groups: Nomoneas, Faichuk, Faichuuk, the Hall Islands, Namonuito Atoll (Magur Islands), Pattiw (Western Isl ...
in the
Federated States of Micronesia The Federated States of Micronesia (, abbreviated FSM), or simply Micronesia, is an island country in Micronesia, a region of Oceania. The federation encompasses the majority of the Caroline Islands (excluding Palau) and consists of four Admin ...
. The JMA designated that system as a tropical depression that day as the system moved steadily westward. The JTWC followed suit with this classification on June 22 following an investigation by reconnaissance. Early the next day, the depression acquired gale-force winds and was dubbed ''Tropical Storm Kit''. Turning to the northwest, Kit developed a wide eye and reached typhoon status late on June 23.
Rapid intensification Rapid intensification (RI) is any process wherein a tropical cyclone strengthens very dramatically in a short period of time. Tropical cyclone forecasting agencies utilize differing thresholds for designating rapid intensification events, th ...
ensued late on June 24 into June 25; Kit's central pressure dropped 51 mbar (hPa; ) in 18 hours from 965 mbar (hPa; ) to 914 mbar (hPa; ). During this time, Kit's eye contracted to . At 06:00 UTC on June 26, the JMA estimated Kit's pressure to have abruptly dropped to 880 mbar (hPa; ), which would rank it among the top ten most intense tropical cyclones on record. Around this time, the JTWC estimated Kit to have attained peak winds of ; however, these winds are likely an overestimate. A later reconnaissance mission on June 26 reported a pressure of 912 mbar (hPa; ), the lowest observed in relation to the typhoon. Weakening ensued thereafter as the system accelerated to the north-northeast. Retaining typhoon strength, Kit brushed southeastern
Honshu , historically known as , is the largest of the four main islands of Japan. It lies between the Pacific Ocean (east) and the Sea of Japan (west). It is the list of islands by area, seventh-largest island in the world, and the list of islands by ...
, Japan, on June 28, passing roughly east of Tokyo. The system subsequently weakened to a tropical storm and transitioned into an extratropical cyclone south of
Hokkaido is the list of islands of Japan by area, second-largest island of Japan and comprises the largest and northernmost prefectures of Japan, prefecture, making up its own list of regions of Japan, region. The Tsugaru Strait separates Hokkaidō fr ...
on June 29. The
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA ) is an American scientific and regulatory agency charged with Weather forecasting, forecasting weather, monitoring oceanic and atmospheric conditions, Hydrography, charting the seas, ...
reported the remnants of Kit to have dissipated the following day near northeastern Hokkaido. However, the JMA states that the system turned eastward and accelerated over the north Pacific before losing its identity on July 3 near the International Date Line. Although the center of Kit remained offshore, torrential rains and damaging winds wreaked havoc in eastern Japan. An estimated of rain fell across the region, triggering deadly landslides and floods. More than 128,000 homes were affected by flooding, of which 433 collapsed. Large stretches of roadway crumbled or were blocked by landslides. Additionally, service along the Tokyo–Osaka rail line was disrupted for 12 hours. "Hip-deep" waters also shut down Tokyo's subway system, stranding an estimated 2 million people. Throughout the country, 64 people died while a further 19 were listed missing. In the aftermath of the typhoon, 25 workers died from carbon monoxide poisoning from a portable generator while repairing a damaged irrigation tunnel near
Utsunomiya is the capital and largest city of Tochigi Prefecture in the northern Kantō region of Japan. , the city had an estimated population of 513,584, and a population density of . The total area of the city is . Utsunomiya is famous for its ''gyoza'' ...
.


Tropical Storm Lola (Gading)

A tropical depression formed near the
Eastern Visayas Eastern Visayas (; ; ; ) is an administrative region in the Philippines, designated as Region VIII. It consists of three main islands: Samar, Leyte, and Biliran. The region has six provinces: Biliran, Leyte, Northern Samar, Samar, Easte ...
on July 8 and tracked west-northwest. After crossing Luzon on July 11, the system emerged over the South China Sea and began strengthening. Reaching tropical storm intensity on July 12, Lola tracked northwest toward Hong Kong. The system attained its peak intensity the following day with winds of and a pressure of . Lola subsequently made landfall near Hong Kong, where it killed one person, before rapidly dissipating over
Guangzhou Guangzhou, Chinese postal romanization, previously romanized as Canton or Kwangchow, is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Guangdong Provinces of China, province in South China, southern China. Located on the Pearl River about nor ...
on July 14.


Severe Tropical Storm Mamie (Iliang)


Severe Tropical Storm Nina


Severe Tropical Storm Ora (Loleng)


Tropical Storm Phyllis

Phyllis had minor effects during the
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (1 November 1955 – 30 April 1975) was an armed conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia fought between North Vietnam (Democratic Republic of Vietnam) and South Vietnam (Republic of Vietnam) and their allies. North Vietnam w ...
, briefly limiting the number of bombing raids conducted by the United States due to squally weather.


Typhoon Rita

On August 7, the vessel ''Almería Lykes'' sailed into Rita and reported peak sustained winds of and a minimum pressure of . Despite this observation, Rita is still considered a tropical storm with winds at that time.


Typhoon Tess

Typhoon Tess produced tremendous rainfall across Taiwan, with Alishan receiving of rain, including in just 18 hours. In contrast to the magnitude of the rain, damage was fairly limited and only one person was killed. Total losses reached NT$11.9 million with 19 homes destroyed and 9 others damaged. Heavy rains also fell in mainland China with several provinces seeing several days of rain; a daily peak of was reported in
Changting County (; Hakka: Tshòng-tin), also known as Tingzhou or Tingchow (), is a county in western Fujian province, People's Republic of China. With a population of 397,470 in 2020 and an area of , Changting is one of the largest counties in the province. Th ...
. Rivers quickly over-topped their banks and flooded surrounding areas, causing widespread damage. The extent of flooding is reflected with more than of crops inundated. The
Ting River The Ting River () flows from Ninghua County in western Fujian south to the port and Special Economic Zone of Shantou, Guangdong. It is a main tributary of the Han River and is also referred to Hakka Mother River (). The former prefecture of ...
crested at , which is above flood-level. Throughout the affected areas, 81 people died and another 117 were injured; 12 more were listed as missing. A total of 1,384 homes were destroyed and 8,351 sustained damage.


Severe Tropical Storm Susan (Oyang)

According to the JTWC, Susan was absorbed by the nearby Typhoon Tess on August 16 while east of Taiwan. However, the JMA indicates that the system continued northward as a tropical depression and ultimately dissipated near
Kyushu is the third-largest island of Japan's Japanese archipelago, four main islands and the most southerly of the four largest islands (i.e. excluding Okinawa Island, Okinawa and the other Ryukyu Islands, Ryukyu (''Nansei'') Ryukyu Islands, Islands ...
on August 18. As such, the operationally analyzed ''Tropical Depression Thirteen'', which supposedly formed over the
East China Sea The East China Sea is a marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean, located directly offshore from East China. China names the body of water along its eastern coast as "East Sea" (, ) due to direction, the name of "East China Sea" is otherwise ...
on August 17, was actually a continuation of Susan.


Typhoon Viola

Owing to the weakening before landfall, Viola caused only minor damage in Japan. Offshore, three vessels capsized amid rough seas.


Severe Tropical Storm Winnie


Severe Tropical Storm Betty


Super Typhoon Alice

Super Typhoon Alice developed in the Western Pacific from a tropical wave on August 25. It moved to the north, looped to the west, and steadily strengthened to a peak of 150 mph. Alice continued to the west, hit eastern China on September 3, and dissipated the next day. Across Okinawa, Alice killed one person and caused more than $10 million in damage. Winds estimated at destroyed 150 homes and left 858 people homeless. North of Okinawa, 13 South Korean fishing boats sank amid rough seas; 12 people perished while 26 others were listed missing. Typhoon Alice produced a tremendous
storm surge A storm surge, storm flood, tidal surge, or storm tide is a coastal flood or tsunami-like phenomenon of rising water commonly associated with low-pressure weather systems, such as cyclones. It is measured as the rise in water level above the ...
in
Fujian Province Fujian is a province in southeastern China. Fujian is bordered by Zhejiang to the north, Jiangxi to the west, Guangdong to the south, and the Taiwan Strait to the east. Its capital is Fuzhou and its largest prefecture city by population is Qua ...
, China, that caused widespread damage. Referred to as a "tsunami" in local media, the surge reportedly swept up to inland and destroyed thousands of homes, leaving an estimated 40,000 people homeless. Wind gusts up to caused significant deforestation in the region as well, with 1.7 million trees falling. Casualty statistics are unknown though believed to be significant.


Super Typhoon Cora

Typhoon Cora, which began its life on August 30, attained peak winds of 175 mph on September 5. It passed near
Okinawa most commonly refers to: * Okinawa Prefecture, Japan's southernmost prefecture * Okinawa Island, the largest island of Okinawa Prefecture * Okinawa Islands, an island group including Okinawa itself * Okinawa (city), the second largest city in th ...
, causing major damage to the infrastructure on the island, but no loss of life. Cora continued to the northwest, hit northeastern China as a super typhoon on the 7th, and turned northeast to become extratropical near South Korea on the 9th. Slowly moving by the southern Ryukyu Islands, Cora battered the region for more than 30 hours.
Miyako-jima is the largest and the most populous island among the Miyako Islands of Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. Miyako Island is administered as part of the City of Miyako Island, which includes not only Miyako Island, but also five other islands. Geogr ...
suffered the brunt of the typhoon's impact; sustained winds on the island reached while gusts peaked at . This placed Cora as a greater than 1-in-100 year event in the region. Winds of least battered Miyako-jima for 13 continuous hours. Of the 11,060 homes on Miyako-jima, 1,943 were destroyed and a further 3,249 severely damaged. The majority of these were wooden structures whose structures were compromised once their roof was torn off. Steel structures also sustained considerable damage while reinforced concrete buildings fared the best. The resulting effects rendered 6,000 residents homeless. The scale of damage varied across the island with Ueno-mura suffering the most extensive losses. Of the community's 821 homes, 90.1 percent was severely damaged or destroyed. A United States Air Force radar station was destroyed on the island. On nearby
Ishigaki Island , also known as ''Ishigakijima'', is a Japanese island south-west of Okinawa Hontō and the second-largest island of the Yaeyama Island group, behind Iriomote Island. It is located approximately south-west of Okinawa Hontō. It is within t ...
, where wind gusts reached , 71 homes were destroyed while a further 139 were severely damaged. Total losses from Cora in the region reached $30 million. Despite the severity of damage, no fatalities took place and only five injuries were reported. Wind gusts up to caused notable damage in Taiwan, with 17 homes destroyed and 42 more damaged. A smaller island closer to the storm reported a peak gust of . Heavy rains were generally confined to northern areas of the island, peaking at . Three people were killed during Cora's passage while seventeen others sustained injury. Additionally, 5,000 persons were evacuated. Damage amounted to NT$4.2 million. Striking Fujian Province, China, on the heels of Typhoon Alice, Cora exacerbated damage in the region. Property damage was extreme with more than 21,000 homes destroyed and nearly 63,000 more damage. An estimated 265,000 people were severely affected by the storm. A total of 269 people perished during the storm while a further 2,918 were injured; 52 people were also listed missing. Tremendous flooding occurred as a result of the rains from Alice and Cora, damaging of crops which resulted in a loss of in food production.


Typhoon Doris


Typhoon Elsie (Pitang)

Elsie's slow movement near Taiwan allowed to prolonged rainfall across the island. As a result, numerous counties saw record-breaking rains from the storm with six top-ten accumulations still holding through 2015. Yilan County saw the greatest totals from the storm with falling; this is the greatest single-storm total in the county on record. Seven people were killed in Taiwan while thirty others sustained injury. A total of 120 homes collapsed while another 121 sustained damage. The banana crop experienced heavy losses, with damage reaching $500,000. Total losses amounted to NT$60.1 million.


Typhoon Flossie


Typhoon Grace


Severe Tropical Storm Helen (Ruping)


Typhoon June


Typhoon Ida

On September 21, an area of disturbed weather was noted on
TIROS Television InfraRed Observation Satellite (TIROS) is a series of early weather satellites launched by the United States, beginning with TIROS-1 in 1960. TIROS was the first satellite that was capable of remote sensing of the Earth, enabling sc ...
imagery over the open Pacific well to the east of the Mariana Islands. Following investigation by reconnaissance aircraft, the system was classified as a tropical depression the following day while situated some southwest of Tokyo, Japan. Rapid intensification soon took place as the system accelerated to the northwest. By September 23, Ida attained typhoon intensity while recon reported the formation of a elliptical
eye An eye is a sensory organ that allows an organism to perceive visual information. It detects light and converts it into electro-chemical impulses in neurons (neurones). It is part of an organism's visual system. In higher organisms, the ey ...
. Turning northward, the system reached its peak intensity early on September 24 as a Category 3–equivalent typhoon with winds. Aircraft investigating the storm at this time reported a minimum pressure of 961 mbar (hPa; ); however, the JMA lists the system's minimum pressure as . The typhoon subsequently made landfall near
Omaezaki is a city located in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. Omaezaki is located at the tip of Omaezaki Peninsula on Japan's Pacific coast. , the city had an estimated population of 32,422 in 12,095 households and a population density of 490 persons per ...
,
Shizuoka Shizuoka can refer to: * Shizuoka Prefecture, a Japanese prefecture * Shizuoka (city), the capital city of Shizuoka Prefecture * Shizuoka Airport * Shizuoka Domain, the name from 1868 to 1871 for Sunpu Domain was a feudal domain under the Tok ...
around 15:00 UTC at this strength. A testament Ida's intensity, winds atop
Mount Fuji is an active stratovolcano located on the Japanese island of Honshu, with a summit elevation of . It is the highest mountain in Japan, the second-highest volcano on any Asian island (after Mount Kerinci on the Indonesian island of Sumatra), a ...
gusted to during the storm's passage. Once onshore, rapid structural degradation and overall weakening ensued. Less than 12 hours after striking Japan, Ida emerged over the Pacific Ocean near the
Tōhoku region The , Northeast region, , or consists of the northeastern portion of Honshu, the largest island of Japan. This traditional region consists of six prefectures (): Akita, Aomori, Fukushima, Iwate, Miyagi, and Yamagata. Tōhoku retains ...
as a , ill-defined tropical storm. Transition into an extratropical cyclone took place shortly thereafter, with the system ultimately dissipating several hundred kilometers east of Japan on September 26.


Typhoon Kathy

On October 6, a tropical depression was identified near
Kwajalein Atoll Kwajalein Atoll (; Marshallese language, Marshallese: ) is part of the Marshall Islands, Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI). The southernmost and largest island in the atoll is named Kwajalein Island, which its majority English-speaking re ...
in the
Marshall Islands The Marshall Islands, officially the Republic of the Marshall Islands, is an island country west of the International Date Line and north of the equator in the Micronesia region of the Northwestern Pacific Ocean. The territory consists of 29 c ...
. Tracking generally north-northeast, little development occurred over the following several days. On October 9, the system was classified as ''Tropical Storm Kathy''. Its motion subsequently stalled and the system executed a small clockwise loop over the following three days. Kathy quickly intensified into a typhoon late on October 9, marked by the formation of a wide eye. The system reached an initial peak with winds of on October 10 before weakening slightly. Turning northeast on October 13, Kathy began reintensifying and achieved its peak strength the following day with winds of and a pressure of 947 mbar (hPa; ). After maintaining its peak winds for 30 hours, Kathy began to degrade. A temporary turn to the east-northeast accompanied this weakening. The system attained its secondary peak on October 18 with winds of over the open north Pacific. Approaching 40°N, cold air began to entrain into the typhoon's circulation by October 19. Transition into an extratropical cyclone south of the Aleutian Islands on October 20 as the system turned eastward. Hurricane-force winds and seas battered vessels in the region that day. Weakening to gale-force, the remnant cyclone later turned north on October 23 and headed toward western Canada. The system made landfall near Queen Charlotte Island (now known as
Haida Gwaii Haida Gwaii (; / , literally "Islands of the Haida people"), previously known as the Queen Charlotte Islands, is an archipelago located between off the British Columbia Coast, northern Pacific coast in the Canadian province of British Columbia ...
),
British Columbia British Columbia is the westernmost Provinces and territories of Canada, province of Canada. Situated in the Pacific Northwest between the Pacific Ocean and the Rocky Mountains, the province has a diverse geography, with rugged landscapes that ...
, on October 24 and dissipated over land.


Typhoon Lorna (Titang)


Typhoon Marie


Severe Tropical Storm Nancy (Uding)

On November 17, the JMA began monitoring a tropical depression near Yap. Traveling west-northwest, the system steadily organized and reached tropical storm strength on November 19. The intensifying storm moved over the
Bicol Region The Bicol Region, designated as Region V, is an administrative region of the Philippines. It comprises six Provinces of the Philippines, provinces, four on the Bicol Peninsula (the luzon#Southeastern Luzon, southeastern end of Luzon): Albay, Ca ...
of the Philippines that day before striking
Calabarzon Calabarzon (officially stylized in all caps; ; ), sometimes referred to as Southern Tagalog () and designated as Region IVA, is an administrative region in the Philippines. It is situated southeast of Metro Manila and is bordered by Manila Bay ...
at its peak with winds of 110 km/h (70 mph). Torrential rains across Luzon caused widespread damage; 32 fatalities and 14 million
PHP PHP is a general-purpose scripting language geared towards web development. It was originally created by Danish-Canadian programmer Rasmus Lerdorf in 1993 and released in 1995. The PHP reference implementation is now produced by the PHP Group. ...
(US$3.6 million) in losses resulted from Nancy. While passing north of Manila, the cyclone slowed and turned to the southwest before emerging over the South China Sea on November 21. One ship observed winds of that day to the north of Nancy's center. Moving generally west, Nancy gradually decayed over the following five days, degrading to a tropical depression on November 25 and dissipating the following day well to the east of South Vietnam.


Tropical Storm Olga (Wening)

A tropical depression was initially identified by the JMA well to the east of the Philippines on November 21. Tracking northwestward along a similar path to Nancy, the system reached tropical storm strength on November 23 about east of Manila. The following day, Olga brushed the northern tip of Luzon with peak winds of before turning west and moving over the South China Sea. Subsequent interaction with a monsoon trough caused Olga to weaken and ultimately dissipate on November 25.


Typhoon Pamela (Aning)

On December 24, a tropical depression developed to the east of Palau. Images from TIROS aided in locating the system on
Christmas Day Christmas is an annual festival commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ, observed primarily on December 25 as a religious and cultural celebration among billions of people around the world. A liturgical feast central to Christianity, Chri ...
as it tracked west-northwest toward the Philippines. It was estimated to have become a tropical storm that day while located east of
Samar Samar ( ) is the third-largest and seventh-most populous island in the Philippines, with a total population of 1,909,537 as of the 2020 census. It is located in the eastern Visayas, which are in the central Philippines. The island is divided in ...
. Pamela rapidly developed soon thereafter, with the first reconnaissance mission early on December 26 reporting it to have achieved typhoon status with a pressure of . A wide eye had formed by this time. The typhoon struck northern Samar shortly after 06:00 UTC with winds of . Pamela was responsible for heavy damage across the central Philippines with 30 people losing their lives, the majority of whom were fishermen. Initial assessments were difficult due to communication loss with the four hardest-hit provinces. Damage was estimated at 15 million PHP (US$6 million). Interaction with land imparted weakening on the system as it moved westward. Pamela made two additional landfalls at typhoon strength over
Masbate Masbate, officially the Province of Masbate (Masbateño language, Masbateño: ''Probinsya san Masbate''; ), is an island Provinces of the Philippines, province in the Philippines located near the midsection of the nation's archipelago. Its provi ...
and
Mindoro Mindoro is the seventh largest and eighth-most populous island in the Philippines. With a total land area of 10,571 km2 ( 4,082 sq.mi ), it has a population of 1,408,454, as of the 2020 census. It is located off the southwestern coast of ...
before emerging over the South China Sea as a tropical storm. The cyclone weakened below gale-force early on December 31 and dissipated later that day to the west of South Vietnam.


Other systems

In addition to the 30 named storms monitored by the JTWC throughout the year, 8 systems were warned upon that never reached gale-strength. Additionally, 11 other cyclones were warned upon by various agencies across East Asia, some of which were estimated to have reached tropical storm strength. Furthermore, disagreement on the intensity of these storms exists between the warnings centers. The table below lists the maximum intensity reported by any one agency for the sake of completeness. However, any tropical storms listed here are not considered official and thus are excluded from the season total.


Season effects

This is a table of all of the storms that have formed in the 1966 Pacific typhoon season. It includes their names, duration, peak one-minute sustained winds, minimum barometric pressure, affected areas, damage, and death totals. Damage and deaths include totals while the storm was extratropical, a wave, or a low, and all of the damage figures are in 1966 USD. Names listed in parentheses were assigned by PAGASA. , - , Hester (Atang) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None , , None , , , - , Irma (Klaring) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , ,
Philippines The Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is an Archipelagic state, archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. Located in the western Pacific Ocean, it consists of List of islands of the Philippines, 7,641 islands, with a tot ...
, , , , 174 , , , - , Judy (Deling) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , ,
Taiwan Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia. The main geography of Taiwan, island of Taiwan, also known as ''Formosa'', lies between the East China Sea, East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocea ...
, , , , 22 , , , - , Kit (Emang) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Japan , , N/A , , 89–108 , , , - , Lola (Gading) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Philippines, China, Hong Kong , , N/A , , 1 , , , - , Mamie (Iliang) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , China , , N/A , , N/A , , , - , Nina , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None , , None , , , - , Ora (Loleng) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , China,
Vietnam Vietnam, officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (SRV), is a country at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of about and a population of over 100 million, making it the world's List of countries and depende ...
, , N/A , , N/A , , , - , Phyllis , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Vietnam , , N/A , , N/A , , , - , Rita , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None , , None , , , - , Tess , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , ,
Ryukyu Islands The , also known as the or the , are a chain of Japanese islands that stretch southwest from Kyushu to Geography of Taiwan, Taiwan: the Ryukyu Islands are divided into the Satsunan Islands (Ōsumi Islands, Ōsumi, Tokara Islands, Tokara and A ...
, Taiwan China , , N/A , , 82–94 , , , - , Susan (Oyang) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None , , None , , , - , Viola , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Japan , , N/A , , N/A , , , - , Winnie , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Japan,
Korean Peninsula Korea is a peninsular region in East Asia consisting of the Korean Peninsula, Jeju Island, and smaller islands. Since the end of World War II in 1945, it has been politically divided at or near the 38th parallel between North Korea (Dem ...
, China, Soviet Union , , N/A , , N/A , , , - , Betty , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Japan, Korean Peninsula , , N/A , , N/A , , , - , Alice , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , ,
Ryukyu Islands The , also known as the or the , are a chain of Japanese islands that stretch southwest from Kyushu to Geography of Taiwan, Taiwan: the Ryukyu Islands are divided into the Satsunan Islands (Ōsumi Islands, Ōsumi, Tokara Islands, Tokara and A ...
, China , , , , 13–39 , , , - , Cora , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, China, Korean Peninsula , , , , 272–324 , , , - , Nineteen , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None , , None , , , - , Twenty , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None , , None , , , - , Doris , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Japan , , N/A , , N/A , , , - , Elsie (Pitang) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Taiwan, Ryukyu Islands , , , , 7 , , , - , Flossie , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None , , None , , , - , Twenty-Two , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None , , None , , , - , Grace , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None , , None , , , - , Helen (Ruping) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Japan , , N/A , , N/A , , , - , June , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None , , None , , , - , Ida , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Japan , , , , 275–318 , , , - , Kathy , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None , , None , , , - , Thirty (Sening) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None , , None , , , - , Thirty-One , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None , , None , , , - , Lorna (Titang) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Philippines , , N/A , , N/A , , , - , Thirty-Four , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None , , None , , , - , Marie , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None , , None , , , - , Thirty-Five , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Vietnam , , None , , None , , , - , Nancy (Uding) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Philippines , , , , 32 , , , - , Olga (Wening) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Philippines , , N/A , , N/A , , , - , Thirty-Eight (Yoling) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Philippines , , None , , None , , , - , Pamela (Aning) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Philippines , , , , 30 , , , -


See also

*
1966 Atlantic hurricane season The 1966 Atlantic hurricane season saw the Weather Bureau office in Miami, Florida, be designated as the National Hurricane Center (NHC) and assume responsibility of tropical cyclone forecasting in the basin. The season officially began on J ...
*
1966 Pacific hurricane season The 1966 Pacific hurricane season started on May 15, 1966, and ended November 30, 1966. The season was of little note. Hurricane Blanca traveled 4,300 miles, setting a new record. During September and October of the year, Hurricane ...
* Australian cyclone seasons: 1965–66, 1966–67 * South Pacific cyclone seasons: 1965–66, 1966–67 * South-West Indian Ocean cyclone seasons: 1965–66, 1966–67


Notes


References


External links


The Joint Typhoon Warning Center's Annual Tropical Cyclone Report for the 1966 season
*
The Central Weather Bureau's report on the 1966 season
{{Tropical cyclone season, 1966