Troctomorpha is one of the three major suborders of Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera)(barklice, booklice, and parasitic lice), alongside Psocomorpha and Trogiomorpha. There are more than 30 families and 5,800 described species in Troctomorpha. The order includes parasitic lice, which are most closely related to the booklice family Liposcelididae.

Cladogram

Cladogram A cladogram (from Greek language, Greek ''clados'' "branch" and ''gramma'' "character") is a diagram used in cladistics to show relations among organisms. A cladogram is not, however, an Phylogenetic tree, evolutionary tree because it does not s ...

showing the position of Troctomorpha within Psocodea:

Fossil record

The oldest record of the suborder is suggested to be '' Paramesopsocus adibi,'' known from the

Late Jurassic The Late Jurassic is the third Epoch (geology), epoch of the Jurassic Period, and it spans the geologic time scale, geologic time from 161.5 ± 1.0 to 143.1 ± 0.8 million years ago (Ma), which is preserved in Upper Jurassic stratum, strata.Owen ...

Karabastau Formation of

Kazakhstan Kazakhstan, officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a landlocked country primarily in Central Asia, with a European Kazakhstan, small portion in Eastern Europe. It borders Russia to the Kazakhstan–Russia border, north and west, China to th ...

Classification

Troctomorpha contains the following subgroups: * Infraorder: Amphientometae ** Family: Amphientomidae Enderlein, 1903 (tropical barklice) ** Family: Compsocidae Mockford, 1967 ** Family: Electrentomidae Enderlein, 1911 ** Family: Manicapsocidae Mockford, 1967 ** Family: Musapsocidae Mockford, 1967 ** Family: Protroctopsocidae Smithers, 1972 ** Family: Troctopsocidae Mockford, 1967 * Infraorder: Nanopsocetae ** Family: Liposcelididae Broadhead, 1950 (booklice) ** Family: Pachytroctidae Enderlein, 1904 (thick barklice) ** Family: Sphaeropsocidae Menon, 1941 ** Parvorder: Phthiraptera *** Superfamily: Amblycera **** Family: Ancistronidae **** Family: Boopiidae Mjoberg, 1910 **** Family: Colpocephalidae Eichler, 1937 **** Family: Gliricolidae **** Family: Gyropidae Kellogg, 1896 **** Family: Laemobothriidae Mjoberg, 1910 **** Family: Menoponidae Mjoberg, 1910 (chicken body lice) **** Family: Pseudomenoponidae Mjoberg, 1910 **** Family: Ricinidae Neumann, 1890 **** Family: Somaphantidae Eichler, 1941 **** Family: Trimenoponidae **** Family: Trinotonidae Eichler, 1941 *** Superfamily: Anoplura **** Family: Echinophthiriidae Enderlein, 1904 (seal lice) **** Family: Enderleinellidae Ewing, 1929 **** Family: Haematopinidae Enderlein, 1904 (ungulate lice) **** Family: Hamophthiriidae Johnson, 1969 **** Family: Hoplopleuridae Ewing, 1929 (armoured lice) **** Family: Hybothiridae Ewing, 1929 **** Family: Linognathidae Webb, 1946 (pale lice) **** Family: Microthoraciidae Kim & Lugwig, 1978 **** Family: Neolinognathidae Fahrenholz, 1936 **** Family: Pecaroecidae Kéler, 1963 **** Family: Pedicinidae Enderlein, 1904 **** Family: Pediculidae Leach, 1817 (body lice, head lice) **** Family: Polyplacidae Fahrenholz, 1912 (spiny rat lice) **** Family: Pthiridae Ewing, 1929 (crab lice or pubic lice) **** Family: Ratemiidae Kim & Lugwig, 1978 *** Superfamily: Ischnocera (

paraphyletic Paraphyly is a taxonomic term describing a grouping that consists of the grouping's last common ancestor and some but not all of its descendant lineages. The grouping is said to be paraphyletic ''with respect to'' the excluded subgroups. In co ...

) **** Family: Bovicolidae **** Family: Dasyonygidae **** Family: Goniodidae **** Family: Heptapsogasteridae **** Family: Lipeuridae **** Family: Philopteridae Nitzsch, 1818 (

) **** Family: Trichodectidae **** Family: Trichophilopteridae *** Superfamily: Rhynchophthirina **** Family: Haematomyzidae Enderlein, 1904

Cladogram

Fossil record

Classification

References

Further reading