''Toto IV'' is the fourth studio album by American
rock band
Toto, released on April 8, 1982, by
. The album's lead single, "
Rosanna", peaked at number 2 for five weeks on the
''Billboard'' Hot 100 charts, while the album's third single, "
Africa
Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent after Asia. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 20% of Earth's land area and 6% of its total surfac ...
", topping the Hot 100 chart, became the group's first and only number 1 hit.
[ Toto USA chart history Billboard.com. Retrieved September 10, 2011.] Both songs were hits in the UK as well, reaching number 12 and 3, respectively.
[Toto UK chart history](_blank)
, The Official Charts. Retrieved September 10, 2011. The fourth single, "
I Won't Hold You Back", also peaked within the top ten on the Hot 100, at number 10 and atop the ''
Billboard
A billboard (also called a hoarding in the UK and many other parts of the world) is a large outdoor advertising structure (a billing board), typically found in high-traffic areas such as alongside busy roads. Billboards present large advertis ...
''
Adult Contemporary
Adult contemporary music (AC) is a form of radio-played popular music, ranging from 1960s vocal and 1970s soft rock music to predominantly ballad-heavy music of the 1980s to the present day, with varying degrees of easy listening, pop, soul ...
charts for three weeks.
It also went into the top 40 in the UK.
With the success of "Africa", the album climbed back into the top 10 in early 1983 on both sides of the Atlantic.
''Toto IV'' received six
Grammy Award
The Grammy Awards, stylized as GRAMMY, and often referred to as The Grammys, are awards presented by The Recording Academy of the United States to recognize outstanding achievements in music. They are regarded by many as the most prestigious ...
s in
1983
1983 saw both the official beginning of the Internet and the first mobile cellular telephone call.
Events January
* January 1 – The migration of the ARPANET to TCP/IP is officially completed (this is considered to be the beginning of the ...
including
Album of the Year,
Producer of the Year for the band, and
Record of the Year
The Grammy Award for Record of the Year is presented by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States to "honor artistic achievement, technical proficiency and overall excellence in the recording industry, without re ...
for "Rosanna". It reached number four on the
''Billboard'' 200 album charts in the United States, shortly after its release. It also reached the top ten in other countries, including Canada, Australia, New Zealand, the Netherlands, Italy, Norway, the United Kingdom, and Japan. It was also the last Toto album to feature their original bassist
David Hungate
David Hungate (born August 5, 1948) is an American retired bass guitarist noted as a member of the Los Angeles pop-rock band Toto from 1976 to 1982 and again from 2014 to 2015, and the son of judge William L. Hungate. Along with most of his ...
until his return in 2014 (with the release of their 2015 album ''
Toto XIV
''Toto XIV'' is the thirteenth studio album by the American rock band Toto (though the band's fourteenth album overall, when one counts '' Toto XX''). Toto released the album on March 20, 2015. It is the band's first studio album since '' Fallin ...
'') when he was replaced by
Mike Porcaro
Michael Joseph Porcaro (May 29, 1955 – March 15, 2015) was an American bass player known for his work with the rock band Toto. He retired from touring in 2007 as a result of being diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
He was t ...
after the band’s recording of the album, and also the final album to feature original lead vocalist
Bobby Kimball
Robert Troy Kimball (born March 29, 1947) is an American retired singer best known as longtime frontman of the rock band Toto from 1977 to 1984 and again from 1998 to 2008. He has also performed as a solo artist and session singer.
History ...
until his comeback in 1998 (with the release of the 1999 album ''
Mindfields
''Mindfields'' is the tenth studio album (though counted as the 11th album overall — ''see Toto XIV)'' by the American rock band Toto. It was released in Europe and Japan in March 1999, followed by a US release on November 16, 1999. ''Mindf ...
'').
Background
After the success of their
self-titled debut, Toto struggled to sustain success on their next two albums, ''
Hydra'' and ''
Turn Back''. The band was under heavy pressure from Columbia Records to deliver a hit album with their next release or be at risk of being dropped from the label.
The band went back to the formula that helped them succeed on their first album, having an album that touched on many different genres of music. They also utilized many outside musicians to help give the sound a more polished, fuller feel than they had on past albums.
This was the final album with the original Toto lineup.
David Hungate
David Hungate (born August 5, 1948) is an American retired bass guitarist noted as a member of the Los Angeles pop-rock band Toto from 1976 to 1982 and again from 2014 to 2015, and the son of judge William L. Hungate. Along with most of his ...
, who moved to
Nashville
Nashville, often known as Music City, is the capital and List of municipalities in Tennessee, most populous city in the U.S. state of Tennessee. It is the county seat, seat of Davidson County, Tennessee, Davidson County in Middle Tennessee, locat ...
during the recording of the album, left the band to spend more time with his family. Two years later, shortly after beginning recording of their follow-up album,
Bobby Kimball
Robert Troy Kimball (born March 29, 1947) is an American retired singer best known as longtime frontman of the rock band Toto from 1977 to 1984 and again from 1998 to 2008. He has also performed as a solo artist and session singer.
History ...
was fired by the band due to drug issues that were damaging his voice.
The band delayed touring after the release of the album to instead help in the production of
Michael Jackson
Michael Joseph Jackson (August 29, 1958 – June 25, 2009) was an American singer, songwriter, dancer, and philanthropist. Dubbed the "King of Pop", he is regarded as Cultural impact of Michael Jackson, one of the most culturally significan ...
's ''
Thriller'' album, as well as collaborating on
Chicago
Chicago is the List of municipalities in Illinois, most populous city in the U.S. state of Illinois and in the Midwestern United States. With a population of 2,746,388, as of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, it is the List of Unite ...
's comeback album ''
Chicago 16
''Chicago 16'' is the thirteenth studio album, sixteenth overall by the American rock music, rock band Chicago (band), Chicago, released on June 7, 1982. It is considered their "comeback" album because it was their first album to go platinum si ...
'' that same year.
Production
Recording took place across several months in 1981 and 1982, and the band was allowed a much larger than average recording budget. At a time when most bands were using a single
24-track recorder, Toto used as many as three separate 24-track recorders simultaneously.
[Classic Tracks: Toto's "Africa"](_blank)
, Mix Online. Retrieved June 30, 2015.
The multiple 24-track recorders were linked via a computerized
SMPTE timecode
SMPTE timecode ( or ) is a set of cooperating standards to label individual frames of video or film with a timecode. The system is defined by the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers in the SMPTE 12M specification. SMPTE revised ...
system. One track of each machine contained the timecode synchronization signal, while 22 of the remaining 23 tracks of each reel were available for audio track recordings. (Typically, on analog 24-track recorders SMPTE was recorded on track 24, and the track next to it left blank to avoid any cross-talk or bleed over from the time code.) A significant number of tracks were copied and mixed down from those already recorded on another synchronized tape reel. This process lowered the amount of wear on the first generation tapes and helped maintain high quality sound during the extensive overdubbing and mixing process.
Cover art
Philip Garris's original emblem from the
''Toto'' album was updated to show four rings since this was their fourth album. The newer looking, well-polished ring around the hilt of the sword represented their latest work. Each successive ring showed a little more wear and a few more chips which represented the band's previous records.
Track listing
Personnel
Adapted from the album's liner notes.
Toto
*
Bobby Kimball
Robert Troy Kimball (born March 29, 1947) is an American retired singer best known as longtime frontman of the rock band Toto from 1977 to 1984 and again from 1998 to 2008. He has also performed as a solo artist and session singer.
History ...
– lead vocals , backing vocals
*
Steve Lukather – guitars, lead vocals , backing vocals , piano
*
David Paich
David Frank Paich (born June 25, 1954) is an American keyboardist, singer, and songwriter, best known as the co-founder, principal songwriter, keyboardist, and secondary vocalist of the rock band Toto (band), Toto since 1977. He wrote or co-wrot ...
– keyboards, lead vocals , backing vocals
*
Steve Porcaro
Steven Maxwell Porcaro (born September 2, 1957) is an American keyboardist, songwriter, singer, and film music composer, known as one of the founding members of the rock band Toto and the last surviving Porcaro brother (after the deaths of Jeff ...
– keyboards, lead vocals
*
David Hungate
David Hungate (born August 5, 1948) is an American retired bass guitarist noted as a member of the Los Angeles pop-rock band Toto from 1976 to 1982 and again from 2014 to 2015, and the son of judge William L. Hungate. Along with most of his ...
– bass guitar
*
Jeff Porcaro
Jeffrey Thomas Porcaro (April 1, 1954 – August 5, 1992) was an American drummer. He is best known for being the co-founder and drummer of the rock band Toto, but is also one of the most recorded session musicians in history, working on hundr ...
– drums, percussion
Additional musicians
*
Lenny Castro – congas and percussion
*
Tom Scott – saxophone
*
Jim Horn – saxophone ,
recorders
*
Jerry Hey
Jerry Hey (born 1950) is an American trumpeter, flugelhornist, horn arranger, string arranger, orchestrator and session musician who has played on hundreds of commercial recordings, including Michael Jackson's '' Thriller'', '' Rock with Y ...
;
Gary Grant – trumpet
*
Gary Grant – trumpet
*
Jimmy Pankow – trombone
*
Tom Kelly – backing vocals
* Jon Smith – saxophone
*
Timothy B. Schmit – backing vocals
* The
Martyn Ford Orchestra – strings
*
James Newton Howard – conductor
*
Mike Porcaro
Michael Joseph Porcaro (May 29, 1955 – March 15, 2015) was an American bass player known for his work with the rock band Toto. He retired from touring in 2007 as a result of being diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
He was t ...
– cello
*
Joe Porcaro – percussion , xylophone ,
tympani , marimba
* Ralph Dyck – synthesizers
Production
* Toto – producers
*
Al Schmitt –
engineer
Engineers, as practitioners of engineering, are professionals who Invention, invent, design, build, maintain and test machines, complex systems, structures, gadgets and materials. They aim to fulfill functional objectives and requirements while ...
* Tom Knox – engineer
*
Greg Ladanyi – engineer , mixing
*
George Marino – mastering (at Sterling Sound, New York)
*
David Leonard; Peggy McCreary; Terry Christian – additional engineers (at
Sunset Sound
Sunset (or sundown) is the disappearance of the Sun at the end of the Sun path, below the horizon of the Earth (or any other astronomical object in the Solar System) due to its rotation. As viewed from everywhere on Earth, it is a phenomenon th ...
, Los Angeles)
* Jamie Ledner;
Niko Bolas
Niko Bolas is an American music producer, sound engineer, and consultant. He is also a business developer in the fields of virtual reality and Internet radio. In 1989, Bolas founded Fakespace Music with Mark Bolas, Ian McDowall, and Christian Greu ...
; Lon LeMaster – additional engineers (at
Record One
Record One is a recording studio complex in the Sherman Oaks, Los Angeles, Sherman Oaks neighborhood of Los Angeles, California. Originally founded in 1979, the studio has been the site of numerous commercially successful and award-winning record ...
, Los Angeles)
* John Kurlander – strings engineer (at
Abbey Road Studio, London)
* David Paich; Steve Porcaro; Dick Gall; Bruce Heigh – additional engineers (at "Hogg Manor")
* Jerry Hey – horn arrangements
* David Paich – horn arrangements , orchestral arrangements
* James Newton Howard – orchestral arrangements
*
Marty Paich – orchestral arrangements
*
Roger Linn – synthesizer programming
Artwork
* Jeff Porcaro – album package concept
* Joe Spencer – illustration
* Sam Emerson; Glen Christensen; Jim Hagopian – photography
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Certifications and sales
References
{{Authority control
Toto (band) albums
1982 albums
Grammy Award for Album of the Year
Albums arranged by Marty Paich
Columbia Records albums
Albums recorded at Sunset Sound Recorders
Albums recorded at United Western Recorders
Albums recorded in a home studio
Grammy Award for Best Engineered Album, Non-Classical