Toroidal describes something which resembles or relates to a

torus In geometry, a torus (: tori or toruses) is a surface of revolution generated by revolving a circle in three-dimensional space one full revolution about an axis that is coplanarity, coplanar with the circle. The main types of toruses inclu ...

toroid In mathematics, a toroid is a surface of revolution with a hole in the middle. The axis of revolution passes through the hole and so does not intersect the surface. For example, when a rectangle is rotated around an axis parallel to one of its ...

Mathematics

Toroidal coordinates Toroidal coordinates are a three-dimensional orthogonal coordinate system that results from rotating the two-dimensional bipolar coordinate system about the axis that separates its two foci. Thus, the two foci F_1 and F_2 in bipolar coordinate ...

, a three-dimensional orthogonal coordinate system *

Toroidal and poloidal coordinates The terms toroidal and poloidal refer to directions relative to a torus of reference. They describe a three-dimensional coordinate system in which the poloidal direction follows a small circular ring around the surface, while the toroidal direct ...

, directions for a three-dimensional system which follows a circular ring around the surface *

Toroidal graph In the mathematical field of graph theory, a toroidal graph is a graph that can be embedded on a torus. In other words, the graph's vertices and edges can be placed on a torus such that no edges intersect except at a vertex that belongs to bo ...

, a graph whose vertices can be placed on a torus such that no edges cross *Toroidal

grid network A grid network is a computer network consisting of a number of computer systems connected in a grid topology. In a regular grid topology, each node in the network is connected with two neighbors along one or more dimensions. If the network is o ...

, an n-dimensional grid connected circularly in more than one dimension *

Toroidal polyhedron In geometry, a toroidal polyhedron is a polyhedron which is also a toroid (a -holed torus), having a topology (Mathematics), topological Genus (mathematics), genus () of 1 or greater. Notable examples include the Császár polyhedron, Császár a ...

, partition of a toroidal surface into polygons

Engineering

Toroidal engine A swing-piston engine is a type of internal combustion engine in which the pistons move in a circular motion inside a ring-shaped "cylinder", moving closer and further from each other to provide compression and expansion. Generally two sets of pist ...

, an internal combustion engine with pistons that rotate inside a ring-shaped cylinder *

Toroidal expansion joint A Toroidal expansion joint is a metallic assembly that consists of a series of toroidal convolutions which are circular tubes wrapped around pipe ends or weld ends and have a gap at the inside diameter to allow for axial stroke while absorbing chan ...

, a metallic assembly consisting of a series of circular tubes used in high pressure applications *

Toroidal inductors and transformers Toroidal inductors and transformers are inductors and transformers which use magnetic cores with a toroidal (ring or donut) shape. They are passivity (engineering), passive electronic components, consisting of a circular ring or donut shaped ...

, a type of electrical device using magnetic cores with a ring or donut shape *

Toroidal propeller A toroidal propeller is a type of propeller that is ring-shaped with each blade forming a closed loop. The propellers are significantly quieter at audible frequency ranges, between 20 Hz and 20 kHz, while generating comparable thru ...

, a loop-shaped propeller used in aviation and maritime transport *

Toroidal reflector Toroidal describes something which resembles or relates to a torus or toroid: Mathematics * Toroidal coordinates, a three-dimensional orthogonal coordinate system * Toroidal and poloidal coordinates, directions for a three-dimensional system whic ...

, a reflector whose surface is a section of a torus which has a different focal distance depending on the angle of the mirror

Other uses

Toroidal planet A toroidal planet is a hypothetical type of terrestrial planet, telluric exoplanet with a Torus, toroidal or doughnut shape. While no firm theoretical understanding as to how toroidal planets could Planetary formation, form naturally is necessari ...

, planet in the shape of a toroidal or doughnut shape *

Toroidal ring model The toroidal ring model, known originally as the Parson magneton or magnetic electron, is a physical model of subatomic particles. It is also known as the plasmoid ring, vortex ring, or helicon ring. This physical model treated electrons and p ...

in theoretical physics *

Toroidal solenoid The toroidal solenoid was an early 1946 design for a fusion power device designed by George Paget Thomson and Moses Blackman of Imperial College London. It proposed to confine a deuterium fuel plasma to a toroidal (donut-shaped) chamber using m ...

, 1946 design for a fusion power device *

Vortex ring A vortex ring, also called a toroidal vortex, is a torus-shaped vortex in a fluid; that is, a region where the fluid mostly spins around an imaginary axis line that forms a closed loop. The dominant flow in a vortex ring is said to be toroidal, ...

, also known as a toroidal vortex; a toroidal flow in fluid mechanics

Mathematics

Engineering

Other uses

See also