Tolyatti or Togliatti ( , ; , ), known before 1964 as Stavropol, is a

city A city is a human settlement of a substantial size. The term "city" has different meanings around the world and in some places the settlement can be very small. Even where the term is limited to larger settlements, there is no universally agree ...

Samara Oblast Samara Oblast (, ) is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the types of inhabited localities in Russia, city of Samara. From 1935 to 1991, it was known as Kuybyshev Oblast. As of the Rus ...

Russia Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders ...

. It is the largest city in Russia which is neither the

administrative center An administrative centre is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune, is located. In countries with French as the administrative language, such as Belgiu ...

of a

federal subject The federal subjects of Russia, also referred to as the subjects of the Russian Federation () or simply as the subjects of the federation (), are the administrative division, constituent entities of Russia, its top-level political division ...

, nor the largest city of a subject. Population: The city is best known as the home of Russia's largest car manufacturer

AvtoVAZ AvtoVAZ ( rus, АвтоВАЗ, p=ɐftɐˈvas) is a Russian automobile manufacturing company owned by the state. It was formerly named as VAZ (), an acronym for Volga Automotive Plant in Russian (). AvtoVAZ is best known for its flagship series of ...

(

Lada LadaAccording to various sources, the name Lada is derived from a Russian word for Viking longships (). (, , marketed as LADAFrom 2004 onwards Lada is marketed worldwide, including in Russia, using the all-capitals brand name written in Latin sc ...

). For this reason, Tolyatti is often dubbed "Russia's motor city" or "Russia's Motown" (in reference to

Detroit Detroit ( , ) is the List of municipalities in Michigan, most populous city in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is situated on the bank of the Detroit River across from Windsor, Ontario. It had a population of 639,111 at the 2020 United State ...

in the

United States The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 ...

—the spiritual home of the American automotive industry). It was renamed after Italian communist politician

Palmiro Togliatti Palmiro Michele Nicola Togliatti (; 26 March 1893 – 21 August 1964) was an Italian politician and statesman, leader of Italy's Italian Communist Party, Communist party for nearly forty years, from 1927 until his death. Born into a middle-clas ...

in 1964.

History

Stavropol was founded as a fortress in 1737 by the Russian statesman

Vasily Tatishchev Vasily Nikitich Tatishchev (sometimes spelt Tatischev; , ; 19 April 1686 – 15 July 1750) was a statesman, historian, philosopher, and ethnographer in the Russian Empire. He is known as the author of a book on Russian history titled ''The His ...

. It was often informally referred to as Stavropol-on-Volga to distinguish it from

Stavropol Stavropol (, ), known as Voroshilovsk from 1935 until 1943, is a city and the administrative centre of Stavropol Krai, in southern Russia. As of the 2021 Census, its population was 547,820, making it one of Russia's fastest growing cities. E ...

, a larger city in southwest Russia, although ''Stavropol-on-Volga'' was never its official name. The construction of the Kuybyshev Dam and Hydroelectric Station on the

Volga River The Volga (, ) is the longest river in Europe and the longest endorheic basin river in the world. Situated in Russia, it flows through Central Russia to Southern Russia and into the Caspian Sea. The Volga has a length of , and a catchment ...

in the 1950s created the

Kuybyshev Reservoir Kuybyshev Reservoir or Kuybyshevskoye Reservoir () is a reservoir of the middle Volga and lower Kama in Chuvashia, Mari El Republic, Republic of Tatarstan, Samara Oblast and Ulyanovsk Oblast, Russia. It is sometimes called as Samara Reservoir an ...

, which flooded the existing location of the city, and it was completely rebuilt on a new site. In 1964, the city was chosen as the location of the new VAZ automobile plant: a joint venture between

Fiat Fiat Automobiles S.p.A., commonly known as simply Fiat ( , ; ), is an Italian automobile manufacturer. It became a part of Fiat Chrysler Automobiles in 2014 and, in 2021, became a subsidiary of Stellantis through its Italian division, Stellant ...

and the Soviet government. It was then renamed Tolyatti after

, the longest-serving secretary of the

Italian Communist Party The Italian Communist Party (, PCI) was a communist and democratic socialist political party in Italy. It was established in Livorno as the Communist Party of Italy (, PCd'I) on 21 January 1921, when it seceded from the Italian Socialist Part ...

, who had been instrumental in setting up the venture with Fiat. Much of the modern city was constructed in the 1960s to house the workers of the factory, and today

dominates the economy of the city.

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Tolyatti serves as the

Stavropolsky District Stavropolsky District () is an administrativeCharter of Samara Oblast and municipalLaw #189-GD district (raion), one of the twenty-seven in Samara Oblast, Russia. It is located in the west of the oblast. The area of the district is . Its administr ...

, even though it is not a part of it. As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the city of oblast significance of Tolyatti—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the

districts A district is a type of administrative division that in some countries is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivisions ...

.Charter of Samara Oblast'' As a municipal division, the city of oblast significance of Tolyatti is incorporated as Tolyatti Urban Okrug.Law #189-GD

City divisions

For the administrative purposes, the city is divided into three districts: * Avtozavodsky (), also called Novy Gorod (literally ''New City''), is the most modern; it was designed to host the workers of the city's

factory, home of the

car; * Tsentralny (), also called Stary Gorod (lit. ''Old City''), home of the city government and industrial center; * Komsomolsky (), the oldest district, built to house Hydroelectrical Plant builders.

Economy

The city's main claim to fame has been automobiles

( Zhiguli) manufactured by

car plant employing some 110,000 people: in cooperation with Italy's Fiat since 1970, with

General Motors General Motors Company (GM) is an American Multinational corporation, multinational Automotive industry, automotive manufacturing company headquartered in Detroit, Michigan, United States. The company is most known for owning and manufacturing f ...

since 2001 and with the Renault-Nissan Alliance since 2012, and once again becoming an independent, state-owned enterprise in 2022. Other industries have moved into Tolyatti because it is close to abundant supplies of electricity and water. Petrochemicals are well represented in the city. Among the significant enterprises based there are "

TogliattiAzot TogliattiAzot () is a Russian chemical company and has recently been identified as being world's largest ammonia producer. It is headquartered in Tolyatti, Russia. TogliattiAzot is one of the largest taxpayers in the Samara region. History Co ...

" (Russia's biggest ammonia manufacturer headed by Sergei Makhlai) and " KuibyshevAzot" (a nitrogen fertilizer manufacturer and Russia's biggest

caprolactam Caprolactam (CPL) is an organic compound with the chemical formula, formula (CH2)5C(O)NH. This colourless solid is a lactam (a cyclic amide) of caproic acid. Global demand for this compound is approximately five million tons per year, and the vast ...

and

polyamide A polyamide is a polymer with repeating units linked by amide bonds. Polyamides occur both naturally and artificially. Examples of naturally occurring polyamides are proteins, such as wool and silk. Artificially made polyamides can be made throug ...

producer). Other industries include building materials production, ship repair and electrical equipment and electronics. In 2011 the Tolyatti

Special Economic Zone A special economic zone (SEZ) is an area in which the business and trade laws are different from the rest of the country. SEZs are located within a country's national borders, and their aims include increasing trade balance, employment, increas ...

was launched in order to develop the region further and diversify the economy of the city. Several auto-component producers (German Mubea and Japanese Sanoh among them) have since been registered, as well as large industrial manufacturers (

Praxair Praxair, Inc. was an American worldwide industrial gases company. Founded in 1907, Praxair was the largest industrial gases company in North and South America, and the third-largest worldwide by revenue. In 2018 it merged with Linde AG to form ...

and

Edscha Edscha Cabrio-Dachsysteme is an original equipment manufacturer of automobile convertible roof systems. The company is headquartered in Hengersberg, in Lower Bavaria in Germany. Other locations include Pontiac near Detroit in the USA; Niagara F ...

). By November 2012 the value of project investment totalled 10 billion Rubles and around 3000 jobs were being created.

Transportation

The transport system is well developed in the city. Public transport includes municipal buses and trolley-buses, and so-called "alternative" (commercial) transport or

marshrutka ''Marshrutnoye taksi''Kurumoch, is located 40 km away, towards

Samara Samara, formerly known as Kuybyshev (1935–1991), is the largest city and administrative centre of Samara Oblast in Russia. The city is located at the confluence of the Volga and the Samara (Volga), Samara rivers, with a population of over 1.14 ...

). The city is linked to the federal road network by the M5 "Ural" highway. Trolleybus in Togliatti.jpg , A

ZIU-9 ZiU-9, or ZIU-9 (Cyrillic: ЗиУ-9) is a Soviet Union, Soviet (and later Russian) trolleybus. Other names for the ZiU-9 are ZiU-682 and HTI-682 (Cyrillic: ЗиУ-682 and ХТИ-682). The ZiU acronym stands for "Zavod imeni Uritskogo", which m ...

Trolleybus Autobustlt.jpg , MAZ-103 bus River port, Togliatti, Russia.JPG, River port on the

Volga The Volga (, ) is the longest river in Europe and the longest endorheic basin river in the world. Situated in Russia, it flows through Central Russia to Southern Russia and into the Caspian Sea. The Volga has a length of , and a catchment ...

Railway_station_Togliatti-4940.JPG, Tolyatti Railway station

Culture, education, and sports

The creation of the

in the 1950s destroyed much of the city's history, so almost all the city's cultural points of interest date from the Soviet period, but the city administration has continued to build new monuments and cathedrals. A recent notable event was the 1998 opening of the large Tatishchev Monument near the

. The Transfiguration Cathedral was completed in 2002.

Education

Education is represented by over one hundred public and ten private schools, as well as several

higher education Tertiary education (higher education, or post-secondary education) is the educational level following the completion of secondary education. The World Bank defines tertiary education as including universities, colleges, and vocational schools ...

institutions. Most notable ones include: * Togliatti State University ()
Volga Region State University of Service
() *Tatishchev University of Volga () *Togliatti Academy of Management ()

Museums

* AvtoVAZ Technical Museum *Tolyatti museum of local lore

Sports

In the eyes of the Soviet leaders, Tolyatti was a perfect Soviet city (since most population migrated here during the construction of AvtoVAZ factories) – many sports facilities appeared so that the "perfect Soviet person" could be healthy. The city has high-quality sports facilities: gymnasiums, swimming pools, ice arenas, association football and racing stadiums — as a result, many athletes, including Olympic Champion

Alexei Nemov Alexei Yuryevich Nemov (; born 28 May 1976) is a Russian retired artistic gymnast. During his career, he won five world championships, three European championships and twelve Olympic medals. Early life Born in Barashevo, Mordovia, Alexei Nem ...

Stanley Cup The Stanley Cup () is the championship trophy awarded annually to the National Hockey League (NHL) playoff champion. It is the oldest existing trophy to be awarded to a professional sports franchise in North America, and the International Ic ...

winners

Alexei Kovalev Alexei Vyacheslavovich Kovalev ( rus, Алексей Вячеславович Ковалёв, , ɐlʲɪkˈsʲej vʲɪtɕɪˈslavəvʲɪtɕ kəvɐˈlʲɵf; born February 24, 1973) is a Russian professional ice hockey coach, executive and former pr ...

and

Ilya Bryzgalov Ilya Nikolayevich Bryzgalov (; ; born 22 June 1980) is a Russian former professional ice hockey goaltender who played in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Anaheim Ducks, Phoenix Coyotes, Philadelphia Flyers, Edmonton Oilers and Minneso ...

had moved to Tolyatti. Former Montreal Canadiens defenseman

Alexei Emelin Alexei Vyacheslavovich Emelin (Russian: Алексей Вячеславович Емелин; born 25 April 1986) is a Russians, Russian professional ice hockey defenceman who is currently an unrestricted free agent. He was selected in the third ...

, and former Washington Capitals winger

Viktor Kozlov Viktor Nikolayevich Kozlov (; born 14 February 1975) is a Russian former professional ice hockey center and coach. He is the current head coach of the Kontinental Hockey League's Salavat Yulaev Ufa. Playing career Kozlov was drafted by the San ...

and defenseman Alexei Tezikov were born there.

Daria Kasatkina Daria Sergeyevna Kasatkina (born 7 May 1997) is a Russian-born Australian professional tennis player. She has been ranked as high as world No. 8 in women's singles by the Women's Tennis Association, WTA, achieved in October 2022. Kasatkina ha ...

, a professional tennis player, was born there. Tolyatti is represented in almost every kind of team sports. Tolyatti's Lada-sponsored Ice Hockey Club broke the Moscow teams' domination of the game. The Lada women's football team has won the Russian championship several times — and the Lada women's handball team, who are the Russian and European Champions, is the core for Russian national women's handball. Men's football (

FC Lada Togliatti FC Lada-Tolyatti () is a Russian football club based in Tolyatti. History The club was founded in 1970 at the VAZ automobile company under the name of ''Torpedo''. The team played in the Soviet Second League until the dissolution of USSR. In 198 ...

), basketball and handball teams also take part in national championships. As for the traditional national sport of Russia,

bandy Bandy is a winter sport and ball sport played by two team sport, teams wearing Ice skates#Bandy skates, ice skates on a large ice surface (either indoors or outdoors) while using sticks to direct a ball into the opposing team's goal. The playin ...

, there is a team founded in 2013, TOAZ, which however only takes part in a recreational league.

Mega-Lada Togliatti Mega-Lada Togliatti is a Russian motorcycle speedway team based in Tolyatti and who race in the Russian Speedway Championship. Stadium The Anatoly Stepanov Stadium, formerly the Stroitel Stadium is located at Ulitsa Rodiny, 40 in Tolyatti. ...

who race at the

Anatoly Stepanov Stadium The Anatoly Stepanov Stadium formerly the Stroitel Stadium is a 15,000-capacity Motorcycle speedway and Ice speedway in Tolyatti, Russia. It is the home track of the Russian speedway team called the Mega Lada Togliatti. History The stadium ...

are a record 17-times champions of Russia. Olimp, sport palace, Togliatti, Russia.JPG, ''Olimp'' Sport Palace Lada_Arena.jpg,

Lada Arena The Lada Arena is a 6,122-seat multi-purpose arena in Tolyatti, Russia. It opened in 2013, and replaced Volgar Sports Palace as the home of KHL ice hockey team, HC Lada Togliatti. The sponsor of the arena is the car manufacturer AvtoVAZ, that ...

, home to

HC Lada Togliatti HC Lada Togliatti () is a professional ice hockey club based in Tolyatti, Russia. It is a member of the Kharlamov Division in the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). Togliatti were participants in the inaugural season of the KHL in 2008-09 KHL seas ...

Torpedo - TLT.jpg, Torpedo Stadium, home to

Mega-Lada's_riders_first_on_track.JPG,

, home to Mega-Lada Volgar_Sport_Palace,_Togliatti,_Russia.JPG,

Volgar Sports Palace Volgar Sports Palace is an indoor sporting arena located in Tolyatti, Russia. The capacity of the arena is 2,900. It was the home arena of the HC Lada Togliatti ice hockey until being replaced by Lada Arena. Two other examples of this rare So ...

, former home to

Parks and monuments

Tolyatti has many parks, and many of these contain monuments of cultural, historical, and aesthetic interest. Examples include Victory Park with its Victory Monument and other monuments, Liberty Square with its Obelisk of Glory and other monuments,

Central Park Central Park is an urban park between the Upper West Side and Upper East Side neighborhoods of Manhattan in New York City, and the first landscaped park in the United States. It is the List of parks in New York City, sixth-largest park in the ...

with its '' Mourning Angel'' (a memorial to victims of Soviet repression), large statue of

Lenin Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov ( 187021 January 1924), better known as Vladimir Lenin, was a Russian revolutionary, politician and political theorist. He was the first head of government of Soviet Russia from 1917 until Death and state funeral of ...

, and other monuments, and other parks. And there are other monuments outside the parks. The City Duma has been energetic in creating or designating historical and cultural monuments, ranging from the colossal equestrian Tatishchev Monument to the tumbledown Repin House and a monument to a faithful dog, and many other types.

Media

There are a number of local newspapers published in Tolyatti: ''Ploshchad Svobody'', ''Tolyattinskoye Obozreniye'' (''Tolyatti Observer''), business newspaper "Monday" ("Ponedelnik"), ''Volny Gorod'', ''Gorodskiye Vedomosti'', and a few others. In the end of the 1990s, ''Tolyattinskoye Obozreniye'' published a series of articles on a local crime group. The stories drew attention to the group's connections with the local police. Subsequently, Togliatti Review saw two of its editors (Valery Ivanov and Alexei Sidorov) killed in 2002–2003. The only local-born FM-band radio station is at 70.64 and 102.3 MHz.

Religion

Tolyatti is a multi-ethnic and multi-religious city. Most religious people in the city are of the Orthodox Christian faith. Muslims are the second largest group of believers. Also in the city are organizations of almost all major religions:

Old Believers Old Believers or Old Ritualists ( Russian: староверы, ''starovery'' or старообрядцы, ''staroobryadtsy'') is the common term for several religious groups, which maintain the old liturgical and ritual practices of the Russian ...

, Catholics, Jews, Protestants, Buddhists and others.

Crime

October 2007 bomb attack

During the morning rush hour of 31 October 2007, a bomb exploded on a passenger bus in the city, killing at least eight people and injuring about 50 in what Irina Doroshenko, a spokeswoman for the investigative wing of the local prosecutor's office, said could be a terrorist attack. At the beginning of the investigation, it was believed to be the work of terrorists from the

North Caucasus The North Caucasus, or Ciscaucasia, is a subregion in Eastern Europe governed by Russia. It constitutes the northern part of the wider Caucasus region, which separates Europe and Asia. The North Caucasus is bordered by the Sea of Azov and the B ...

. Early reports indicated possible involvement of Chechen terrorist

Doku Umarov Doku Khamatovich Umarov (, ; ; 13 April 1964 – 7 September 2013), often known as Dokka Umarov, was a Chechens, Chechen militant in the North Caucasus. Umarov was a major military figure in both wars in Chechnya during the 1990s and 2000s, bef ...

. However, the officials later named a 21-year-old Evgeny Vakhrushev, who also died in the blast, as the only person to be responsible for the tragedy.

Organized crime

The city also has a reputation for

gang violence A gang is a group or society of associates, friends, or members of a family with a defined leadership and internal organization that identifies with or claims control over territory in a community and engages, either individually or collecti ...

Violent crimes

The city has witnessed a mafia killing spree: there have been 550 commissioned killings in Tolyatti over 1998–2004, five of those murdered were journalists. Three chief architects of Tolyatti were victims of violent crimes: Valery Lopatin was shot to death on July 7, 2004, Mikhail Syardin and Aleksander Kiryakov were also injured in violent attacks. A former city mayor (1994–2000), , was murdered on November 15, 2008. On December 13, 2008, Anatoly Stepanov, a vice-speaker of

Duma A duma () is a Russian assembly with advisory or legislative functions. The term ''boyar duma'' is used to refer to advisory councils in Russia from the 10th to 17th centuries. Starting in the 18th century, city dumas were formed across Russia ...

of Samara Oblast, a former head of administration of Tsentralny City District of Tolyatti in 1991-1997 and Tolyatti mayor candidate in 2004, was attacked on a street and left with serious head injuries. He died in hospital on February 24, 2009.

Corruption

The city's mayor in 2000–2007, , was sentenced to seven years in prison on corruption charges.

Local government

Mayor Antashev Sergey Alexandrovich was born on December 16, 1959, in the city of

Saransk Saransk (, ); ; is the capital city of Mordovia, Russia, as well as its financial and economic centre. It is located in the Volga River, Volga drainage basin, basin at the confluence of the Saranka and Insar Rivers, about east of Moscow. Sar ...

Mordovia Mordovia ( ),; Moksha language, Moksha and officially the Republic of Mordovia,; ; is a republics of Russia, republic of Russia, situated in Eastern Europe. Its capital city, capital is the types of inhabited localities in Russia, city of S ...

. In 1994 he moved to Tolyatti, was accepted to the post of director of the heating network enterprise of TEVIS. In 2000 he graduated from the International Market Institute with a degree in management. From 2000 to April 9, 2012 - Marketing Director - Energy Sales Director of TEVIS. Deputy of the Duma of the city district of Togliatti IV (from 2005 to 2009) and V (from 2008 to 2012) convocations. From April 2012 to February 2015, he served as deputy mayor of the city of Tolyatti on urban economy. On April 12, 2017, the Tolyatti City Council appointed Sergey Antashev as the mayor of the city. On March 4, 2021, Igor Ladyka was appointed acting mayor of the Togliatti city district, in connection with the resignation of Sergei Antashev. On April 30, 2021, Nikolai Rentz took office as head of the Togliatti city district. The inauguration ceremony was attended by the Governor of the Samara Region Dmitry Azarov.

Twin towns – sister cities

Tolyatti is twinned with: *

Flint Flint, occasionally flintstone, is a sedimentary cryptocrystalline form of the mineral quartz, categorized as the variety of chert that occurs in chalk or marly limestone. Historically, flint was widely used to make stone tools and start ...

, United States * Futian (Shenzhen), China *

Kazanlak Kazanlak ( , known as Seuthopolis () in ancient times, is a List of cities and towns in Bulgaria, town in Stara Zagora Province, Bulgaria. It is located in the middle of the plain of the same name, at the foot of the Balkan Mountains, Balkan mo ...

, Bulgaria *

Luoyang Luoyang ( zh, s=洛阳, t=洛陽, p=Luòyáng) is a city located in the confluence area of the Luo River and the Yellow River in the west of Henan province, China. Governed as a prefecture-level city, it borders the provincial capital of Zheng ...

, China *

Nagykanizsa Nagykanizsa (; , or just ''Kaniža/Kanjiža''; ; ; ; ), known colloquially as Kanizsa, is a medium-sized city in Zala County in southwestern Hungary. It is a city with county rights. It lies not far from Lake Balaton at the meeting point of five ...

, Hungary *

Piacenza Piacenza (; ; ) is a city and (municipality) in the Emilia-Romagna region of Northern Italy, and the capital of the province of Piacenza, eponymous province. As of 2022, Piacenza is the ninth largest city in the region by population, with more ...

, Italy *

Wolfsburg Wolfsburg (; Eastphalian language, Eastphalian: ''Wulfsborg'') is the fifth-largest city in the Germany, German state of Lower Saxony, on the river Aller (Germany), Aller east of Hanover and west of Berlin. Wolfsburg is famous as the locat ...

, Germany *

Mingachevir Mingachevir ( ) is the fourth largest city in Azerbaijan with a population of about 106,000. It is often called the "city of lights" because of its hydroelectric power station on the Kura (South Caucasus river), Kura River, which divides the city ...

, Azerbaijan

Partner cities

Le Havre Le Havre is a major port city in the Seine-Maritime department in the Normandy (administrative region), Normandy region of northern France. It is situated on the right bank of the estuary of the Seine, river Seine on the English Channel, Channe ...

, France *

Novo Mesto Novo Mesto (; ; also known by #Name, alternative names) is the List of cities and towns in Slovenia, seventh-largest city of Slovenia. It is the economic and cultural centre of the traditional region of Lower Carniola (southeastern Slovenia) and ...

, Slovenia

Notable people

* Bo Andersson, (born 1955), CEO of AvtoVAZ * Varvara Bakhmeteva (1815–1851), Mikhail Lermontov's love interest and muse * Vasily Banykin (1888–1918), chairman of the executive committee of the city after the October Revolution *

(1980) Former

NHL The National Hockey League (NHL; , ''LNH'') is a professional ice hockey league in North America composed of 32 teams25 in the United States and 7 in Canada. The NHL is one of the major professional sports leagues in the United States and Cana ...

goalie who won the Stanley cup in 2007 * Artyom Dubinin (born 1989), professional ice hockey player *

(born 1986), professional ice hockey player * Denis Gurianov (born 1997), professional ice hockey player *

(born 1997), professional tennis player *

(born 1973), professional ice hockey player *

(born 1975), professional ice hockey player * Valentina Stupina, (1920–1943), pilot *

(1686–1750), founder of the city *

(born 1976), Olympic champion in

Artistic gymnastics Artistic gymnastics is a discipline of gymnastics in which athletes perform short routines on different types of apparatus. The sport is governed by the Federation Internationale de Gymnastique, Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique (FIG), ...

Diana Shnaider Diana Maximovna Shnaider (, ; born 2 April 2004) is a Russian professional tennis player. She has a career-high rankings of world No. 11 in singles and No. 9 in doubles, achieved in May 2025. Shnaider won women's doubles silver at the 2024 Par ...

(born 2004), professional tennis player

Gallery

Avtozavodskiy rayon, Tolyatti, Samarskaya oblast', Russia - panoramio (190).jpg, Avtozavodsky district of Tolyatti Christian orthodox Transfiguration church domes seen acroos the urban landscape of Tolyatti, Samara oblast, Russia, Eurasia. 1 September, 2016.jpg, The Transfiguration Cathedral can be seen from many quarters of the Avtozavodsky district. Volga River. Tolyatti P8160316 2200.jpg, Volga, Tolyatti Memorial to builders of city, Tolyatti. Russia.JPG, Memorial to builders of city Nikonova street 8 - 3016.JPG, Historical house on Nikonova street

Notes

References

Sources

* *

External links

Official website of TolyattiOfficial website of Tolyatti

Interactive map of Tolyatti

Volga Region State University of ServiceVolzhsky University after V.N. TatischevPloshad Svobody

Togliatti Review

Volny Gorod

Gorodskiye Vedomosti

Radio August

Виртуальный Тольятти

Information server TLTnews.netГлавная страница

TLT.ru - Новости Тольятти , Городской информационный портал

Soviet postcards: Togliatti, die Autostadt
{{Authority control Stavropolsky Uyezd (Samara Governorate) Populated places on the Volga Monotowns in Russia Populated places established in 1737 1730s establishments in the Russian Empire