Timeline Of Istanbul History
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timeline A timeline is a list of events displayed in chronological order. It is typically a graphic design showing a long bar labelled with dates paralleling it, and usually contemporaneous events. Timelines can use any suitable scale representing t ...
of the
history History is the systematic study of the past, focusing primarily on the Human history, human past. As an academic discipline, it analyses and interprets evidence to construct narratives about what happened and explain why it happened. Some t ...
of the town of
Istanbul Istanbul is the List of largest cities and towns in Turkey, largest city in Turkey, constituting the country's economic, cultural, and historical heart. With Demographics of Istanbul, a population over , it is home to 18% of the Demographics ...
, Turkey.


Prior to 4th century

* 1000 BCE - Thracian tribes founded the settlements of Lygos and Semistra. * 657 BCE –
Byzantium Byzantium () or Byzantion () was an ancient Greek city in classical antiquity that became known as Constantinople in late antiquity and Istanbul today. The Greek name ''Byzantion'' and its Latinization ''Byzantium'' continued to be used as a n ...
founded by Greeks. * 513 BCE – City taken by Persians under the rule of
Darius the Great Darius I ( ; – 486 BCE), commonly known as Darius the Great, was the third King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire, reigning from 522 BCE until his death in 486 BCE. He ruled the empire at its territorial peak, when it included much of West A ...
. * 479 BCE – Spartans take control of Byzantium from the Persians following their victory at the
Battle of Plataea The Battle of Plataea was the final land battle during the second Persian invasion of Greece. It took place in 479BC near the city of Plataea in Boeotia, and was fought between an alliance of the Polis, Greek city-states (including Sparta, Cla ...
. * 411 BCE – Captured by Sparta. * 408 BCE – Captured by Athens. * 340 BCE – Besieged unsuccessfully by the forces of
Philip II of Macedon Philip II of Macedon (; 382 BC – October 336 BC) was the king (''basileus'') of the ancient kingdom of Macedonia (ancient kingdom), Macedonia from 359 BC until his death in 336 BC. He was a member of the Argead dynasty, founders of the ...
. * 317 BCE –
Battle of Byzantium The Battle of Byzantium (Byzantion) was a 317 BC engagement between the generals Antigonus Monopthalmus and Cleitus the White, during the Second War of the Diadochi. Fought over the course of two days, near Byzantium at the Hellespont, it resu ...
. * 193 CE ** Besieged by
Septimius Severus Lucius Septimius Severus (; ; 11 April 145 – 4 February 211) was Roman emperor from 193 to 211. He was born in Leptis Magna (present-day Al-Khums, Libya) in the Roman province of Africa. As a young man he advanced through cursus honorum, the ...
. ** Population: 15,000 * 196 – Captured by Septimius Severus. Walls demolished and city razed. * 203 ** Septimius Severus rebuilds the city. **
Hippodrome Hippodrome is a term sometimes used for public entertainment venues of various types. A modern example is the Hippodrome which opened in London in 1900 "combining circus, hippodrome, and stage performances". The term hippodroming refers to fr ...
built (approximate date). **
Mese Mese may refer to: * Chikako Mese, American mathematician * Mese, Myanmar, a town in Kayah State of eastern Myanmar *Mese, Lombardy, a ''comune'' (municipality) in the province of Sondrio, Italy * ''Mese'', the Hungarian name for Meşendorf village, ...
main street built. **
Baths of Zeuxippus The Baths of Zeuxippus were popular public baths in the city of Constantinople. The origin of their name was disputed already in antiquity and could go back either to the god Zeus or to the artist Zeuxis. Constructed between 100 and 200, the Bat ...
built (approximate date). ** Walls rebuilt (approximate date). * 267 – Captured by the
Herules The Heruli (also Eluri, Eruli, Herules, Herulians) were one of the smaller Germanic peoples of Late Antiquity, known from records in the third to sixth centuries AD. The best recorded group of Heruli established a kingdom north of the Middle Danu ...
.


4th–15th centuries

* 315 –
Hagia Irene Hagia Irene () or Hagia Eirene ( , "Holy Peace", ), sometimes known also as Saint Irene, is a former Eastern Orthodox church located in the outer courtyard of Topkapı Palace in Istanbul. It is the oldest known church structure in the city and on ...
church built (approximate date). * 324 ** 8 November:
Constantine Constantine most often refers to: * Constantine the Great, Roman emperor from 306 to 337, also known as Constantine I * Constantine, Algeria, a city in Algeria Constantine may also refer to: People * Constantine (name), a masculine g ...
renames the city as Constantinoupolis and begins large-scale rebuilding. **
Serpent Column The Serpent Column ( ' "Three-headed Serpent";, i.e. "the bronze three-headed serpent"; see See also , . "Serpentine Column"), also known as the Serpentine Column, Plataean Tripod or Delphi Tripod, is an ancient bronze column at the Hippodrom ...
relocated to Byzantium. ** Hippodrome enlarged. ** Population: 20,000 * 328 – 4 November: Constantine dedicates Constantinople as capital. * 330 ** 11 May:
Column of Constantine The Column of Constantine (; ; ) is a monumental column commemorating the dedication of Constantinople by Roman emperor Constantine the Great on 11 May 330 AD. Completed , it is the oldest Constantinian monument to survive in Istanbul. The colu ...
dedicated. **
Church of the Holy Apostles The Church of the Holy Apostles (, ''Agioi Apostoloi''; ), also known as the Imperial Polyandrion (imperial cemetery), was a Byzantine Eastern Orthodox church in Constantinople, capital of the Eastern Roman Empire. The first structure dated to ...
built (approximate date). **
Chora Church The Chora Church or Kariye Mosque () is a Byzantine architecture, Byzantine church, now converted to a mosque (for the second time), in the Edirnekapı, Istanbul, Edirnekapı neighborhood of Fatih district, Istanbul, Turkey. It is famous for ...
built (approximate date). **
Milion The Milion ( or , ''Mílion''; ) was a marker from which all distances across the Roman Empire were measured. Erected by Septimius Severus in the 3rd century AD in the city of Byzantium, it became the zero-mile marker for the empire upon the r ...
erected (approximate date). * 332 ** 18 May: Free distribution of food to citizens. 80,000 rations a day from 117 distribution points. * 359 – First urban prefect appointed. * 360 – 15 February: Great Church of Holy Wisdom inaugurated. * 362 –
Kontoskalion The Kontoskalion (), also known as Harbour of Julian (, ), Portus Novus ("New Port"), or Harbour of Sophia (), and in Ottoman times as Kadırga Limanı ("Harbour of the Galleys") was a harbour in the city of Constantinople, active from the 6th c ...
built. * 365 – City taken by forces of Procopius. * 368 **
Valens Aqueduct The Aqueduct of Valens (, ) was a Roman aqueduct system built in the late 4th century AD, to supply Constantinople – the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire. Construction of the aqueduct began during the reign of the Roman emperor Constantius ...
completed. **
Magnaura The Magnaura (Medieval , possibly from Latin: ''Magna Aula'', "Great Hall") was a large building in Byzantine Constantinople located next to the Great Palace. It was situated to the east of the Augustaion, close to the Hagia Sophia, and next to th ...
palace built (approximate date). ** Population: 150,000 * 378 – Battle of Constantinople (378): Gothic attack on the city. * 381 –
First Council of Constantinople The First Council of Constantinople (; ) was a council of Christian bishops convened in Constantinople (now Istanbul, Turkey) in AD 381 by the Roman Emperor Theodosius I. This second ecumenical council, an effort to attain consensus in the ...
held in the Hagia Irene church. * 382 ** Drought. ** Second line added to the Valens Aqueduct. * 390 –
Obelisk of Theodosius The Obelisk of Theodosius (, ) is the Ancient Egyptian obelisk of Pharaoh Thutmose III (1479–1425 BC), first erected during the 18th dynasty of Egypt. It was re-erected in the Hippodrome of Constantinople (known today as ''At Meydanı'' or ''Sul ...
installed. * 393 **
Forum of Theodosius The Forum of Theodosius (, today Beyazıt Square) was probably the largest square in Constantinople and stood on the Mese, the major road that ran west from Hagia Sophia ( Turkish: Ayasofya). It was originally built by Constantine I and named t ...
rebuilt. ** Column of Theodosius erected. ** Arch of Theodosius completed. ** Population: 200,000 * 395 – Earthquake (approximate date). * 400 – City occupied by the rebel forces of
Gainas Gainas (Greek: Γαϊνάς) was a Gothic leader who served the Eastern Roman Empire as ''magister militum'' during the reigns of Theodosius I and Arcadius. He played an important role in the events in the eastern part of the empire by the end ...
for several months. * 401 – Construction of the
Column of Arcadius A column or pillar in architecture and structural engineering is a structural element that transmits, through compression, the weight of the structure above to other structural elements below. In other words, a column is a compression member. ...
begins. * 403 ** Forum of Arcadius built. ** Column of Aelia Eudoxia erected. ** Earthquake. * 407 – 1 April: Earthquake. * 413 –
Theodosian Walls The Walls of Constantinople (; ) are a series of defensive wall, defensive stone walls that have surrounded and protected the city of Constantinople (modern Fatih district of Istanbul) since its founding as the new capital of the Roman Empire b ...
built. * 415 – 10 October: Church of Theodosius II inaugurated. * 420 –
Palace of Lausus The Palace of Lausus or Lausos, also known as the Lauseion (), was a 5th-century building located in Constantinople that was acquired and owned by the eunuch Lausus. Lausus Lausus, who had formerly served as a eunuch in the court of Theodosi ...
built (approximate date). * 421 – Cistern of Aetius built. * 425 – 27 February:
Pandidakterion The Imperial University of Constantinople, sometimes known as the University of the Palace Hall of Magnaura (), was an Eastern Roman Empire, Eastern Roman educational institution that could trace its corporate origins to 425 AD, when the empero ...
school founded by emperor
Theodosius II Theodosius II ( ; 10 April 401 – 28 July 450), called "the Calligraphy, Calligrapher", was Roman emperor from 402 to 450. He was proclaimed ''Augustus (title), Augustus'' as an infant and ruled as the Eastern Empire's sole emperor after the ...
. * 428 –
Theodosius Cistern The Theodosius Cistern (, ) is one of many ancient cisterns of Constantinople that lie beneath the city of Istanbul, Turkey. The modern entrance is in Piyer Loti Caddesi, Fatih. Background Constinople had insufficient water resources. Since th ...
built (approximate date). * 430 –
Palace of Antiochos The Palace of Antiochos () was an early 5th-century palace in the Byzantine capital, Constantinople (modern Istanbul, Turkey). It has been identified with a palatial structure excavated in the 1940s and 1950s close to the Hippodrome of Constantinopl ...
built. * 433 – August: Fire destroys buildings along the Golden Horn. * 437 – 25 September: Constantinian and Theodosian Walls damaged by an earthquake. * 439 –
Boukoleon Palace The Palace of Boukoleon () or Bucoleon was one of the Byzantine palaces in Constantinople (present-day Istanbul in Turkey.) The palace is located on the shore of the Sea of Marmara, to the south of the Hippodrome and east of the Little Hagia So ...
built (approximate date). * 440 –
Saint Andrew in Krisei Koca Mustafa Pasha Mosque (; also named ''Sünbül Efendi Camii'') is a former Eastern Orthodox church converted into a mosque by the Ottomans, located in Istanbul, Turkey. The church, as the adjoining monastery, was dedicated to Saint Andrew of ...
built (approximate date). * 447 ** 26 January: Walls damaged by an earthquake. ** Walls rebuilt in 60 days by 16,000 workers under praetorian prefect Constantinus. ** 6 November: Constantinian and Theodosian Walls damaged by an earthquake. * 450 **
Column of Marcian The Column of Marcian (, ) is a Roman honorific column erected in Constantinople by the ''praefectus urbi'' Tatianus (450 – c. 452) and dedicated to the Emperor Marcian (450–57). It is located in the present-day Fatih district of Istanbul ...
erected (approximate date). ** Church of St. Mary of Blachernae built. * 459 ** Construction of the Cistern of Aspar begins. **
Augustaion The ''Augustaion'' () or, in Latin, ''Augustaeum'', was an important ceremonial square in ancient and medieval Constantinople (modern Istanbul, Turkey), roughly corresponding to the modern ''Aya Sofya Meydanı'' ( Turkish, "Hagia Sophia Square"). ...
rebuilt. * 462 –
Monastery of Stoudios The Monastery of Stoudios, more fully Monastery of Saint John the Forerunner "at Stoudios" (), often shortened to ''Stoudios'', Studion or ''Stoudion'' (), was a Greek Orthodox Church, Greek Orthodox monastery in Constantinople (modern-day Istan ...
founded. * 464 – September: Fire begins in the dockyards of the Golden Horn and damages eight of the city's fourteen regions. * 473 –
Imperial Library of Constantinople The Imperial Library of Constantinople, in the capital city of the Byzantine Empire, was the last of the great libraries of the ancient world. Long after the destruction of the Great Library of Alexandria and the other ancient libraries, it prese ...
burned. * 476 –
Basilica Cistern The Basilica Cistern, or Cisterna Basilica (, or , "Subterranean Cistern" or "Subterranean Palace"), is the largest of several hundred ancient cisterns that lie beneath the city of Istanbul, Turkey. The cistern, located southwest of the Hagi ...
rebuilt (approximate date). * 478 – 25 September: Walls damaged by an earthquake. * 498 – Riot by the Greens damages the Hippodrome and surrounding area. * 500 ** Cistern of Mocius built (approximate date). **
Palace of Blachernae The Palace of Blachernae (). was an imperial Roman residence in the suburb of Blachernae, located in the northwestern section of Constantinople (today located in the quarter of Ayvansaray in Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey). The area of the palace is now ...
built (approximate date). ** Byzantine structure that would become the Balaban Aga Mosque built (approximate date). * 524 – Church of St. Polyeuctus built. * 527 – Construction of the Church of the Saints Sergius and Bacchus begins. * 532 ** January:
Nika riots The Nika riots (), Nika revolt or Nika sedition took place against Byzantine emperor Justinian I in Constantinople over the course of a week in 532 AD. They are often regarded as the most violent riots in the city's history, with nearly half of ...
. ** 23 February: Construction of the
Hagia Sophia Hagia Sophia (; ; ; ; ), officially the Hagia Sophia Grand Mosque (; ), is a mosque and former Church (building), church serving as a major cultural and historical site in Istanbul, Turkey. The last of three church buildings to be successively ...
church begins. ** Basilica Cistern rebuilt and enlarged. * 533 – Earthquake. * 536 – Church of the Saints Sergius and Bacchus finished. * 537 ** 26 December: Hagia Sophia completed. ** Population: 300,000–500,000 * 541 –
Plague of Justinian The plague of Justinian or Justinianic plague (AD 541–549) was an epidemic of Plague (disease), plague that afflicted the entire Mediterranean basin, Mediterranean Basin, Europe, and the Near East, especially the Sasanian Empire and the Byza ...
kills 40% of the population. * 543 –
Column of Justinian The Column of Justinian was a Roman triumphal column erected in Constantinople by the Byzantine emperor Justinian I in honour of his victories in 543. It stood in the western side of the great square of the Augustaeum, between the Hagia Sophia a ...
erected. * 545 – Wheat and wine shortage. * 548 – Hagia Irene rebuilt. * 550 – 28 June: Church of the Holy Apostles rebuilt. * 553 –
Second Council of Constantinople The Second Council of Constantinople is the fifth of the first seven ecumenical councils recognized by both the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Catholic Church. It is also recognized by the Old Catholics and others. Protestant opinions and re ...
held. * 554 – 16 August:
554 Anatolia earthquake The 554 Anatolia earthquake took place on August 15, 554 in the southwest coasts of Anatolia (Asia Minor). It affected the Güllük Gulf (Mandalya Gulf), and the island of Kos.Antonopoulos, 1980 Details of the earthquake come primarily from the ...
. * 555 – May–July: Bread shortage. * 557 – 14 December:
557 Constantinople earthquake The 557 Constantinople earthquake took place on the night of December 14. This earthquake, described in the works of Agathias, John Malalas, and Theophanes the Confessor, caused great damage to Constantinople, then capital of the Byzantine Empire, ...
destroys large parts of the city. * 558 – February–July: Re-occurrence of the plague of Justinian. * 560 – Monastery of the Mother of God at the Spring built. * 562 – November: Drought. * 570 **
Chrysotriklinos The Chrysotriklinos (, "golden reception hall", cf. ''triclinium''), Latinized as Chrysotriclinus or Chrysotriclinium, was the main reception and ceremonial hall of the Great Palace of Constantinople from its construction, in the late 6th century ...
built by emperor
Justin II Justin II (; ; died 5 October 578) was Eastern Roman emperor from 565 until 578. He was the nephew of Justinian I and the husband of Sophia, the niece of Justinian's wife Theodora. Justin II inherited a greatly enlarged but overextended empir ...
(approximate date). ** Orphanage of Saint Paul founded (approximate date). * 573–574 – Re-occurrence of the plague of Justinian. * 575 – Kontoskalion harbor deepened and enlarged. * 576 – Valens Aqueduct repaired and expanded. * 582 – Famine. * 586 – Re-occurrence of the plague of Justinian. * 599 – Re-occurrence of the plague of Justinian. * 626 –
Siege of Constantinople (626) The siege of Constantinople in 626 by the Sassanid Persians and Avars, aided by large numbers of allied Slavs, ended in a strategic victory for the Byzantines. The failure of the siege saved the empire from collapse, and, combined with othe ...
by Avars,
Slavs The Slavs or Slavic people are groups of people who speak Slavic languages. Slavs are geographically distributed throughout the northern parts of Eurasia; they predominantly inhabit Central Europe, Eastern Europe, Southeastern Europe, and ...
and Sassanian Persians. * 674–678 –
Siege of Constantinople (674–78) Constantinople (part of modern Istanbul, Turkey) was built on the land that links Europe to Asia through Bosporus and connects the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea. As a transcontinental city within the Silk Road, Constantinople had a strategic ...
. * 680 –
Third Council of Constantinople The Third Council of Constantinople, counted as the Sixth Ecumenical Council by the Eastern Orthodox and Catholic Churches, and by certain other Western Churches, met in 680–681 and condemned monoenergism and monothelitism as heretical a ...
held. * 690 – Hall of Justinianos built by emperor
Justinian II Justinian II (; ; 668/69 – 4 November 711), nicknamed "the Slit-Nosed" (), was the last Byzantine emperor of the Heraclian dynasty, reigning from 685 to 695 and again from 705 to 711. Like his namesake, Justinian I, Justinian II was an ambitio ...
(approximate date). * 692 –
Quinisext Council The Quinisext Council (; , literally meaning, ''Fifth-Sixth Meeting''), i.e., the Fifth-Sixth Council, often called the Council ''in Trullo'', Trullan Council, or the Penthekte Synod, was a church council held in 692 at Constantinople under Ju ...
held. * 698 – Outbreak of plague. * 717–718 –
Siege of Constantinople (717–18) Constantinople (part of modern Istanbul, Turkey) was built on the land that links Europe to Asia through Bosporus and connects the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea. As a transcontinental city within the Silk Road, Constantinople had a strategic ...
. * 740 – October 26:
740 Constantinople earthquake The 740 Constantinople earthquake took place on 26 October, 740, in the vicinity of Constantinople and the Sea of Marmara. Antonopoulos, 1980 In Constantinople, the earthquake caused the collapse of many public buildings. The Walls of Constantin ...
. * 747 – Outbreak of plague. * 753 – Hagia Irene rebuilt. * 758 – Drought. * 766 – Valens Aqueduct restored. * 769 –
Church of the Virgin of the Pharos The Church of the Virgin of the Pharos (, ''Theotokos tou Pharou'') was a Byzantine chapel built in the southern part of the Great Palace of Constantinople, and named after the tower of the lighthouse (''pharos'') that stood next to it. It housed ...
in existence. * 813 – City besieged by Bulgarian forces. * 821 – City besieged by forces of
Thomas the Slav Thomas the Slav (,  – October 823) was a 9th-century Byzantine military commander, most notable for leading a wide-scale revolt in 821–23 against Emperor Michael II the Amorian (). An army officer of Slavic origin from the Pontus reg ...
. * 860 –
Siege of Constantinople (860) The siege of Constantinople in 860 was the only major military expedition of the Rus' recorded in Byzantine and western European sources. The ''casus belli'' was the construction of the fortress Sarkel by Byzantine engineers, restricting the Ru ...
. * 869 – A portion of the walls collapses in an earthquake. * 870 –
Fourth Council of Constantinople (Catholic Church) The Fourth Council of Constantinople was the eighth ecumenical council of the Catholic Church held in Constantinople from 5 October 869, to 28 February 870. It was poorly attended, the first session by only 12 bishops and the number of bishops ...
held. * 880 **
Fourth Council of Constantinople (Eastern Orthodox) The Fourth Council of Constantinople was held in 879–880. It confirmed the reinstatement of Photius I as patriarch of Constantinople. The result of this council is accepted by the Eastern Orthodox as having the authority of an ecumenical co ...
held. ** 1 May:
Nea Ekklesia The Nea Ekklēsia (, "New Church"; known in English as "The Nea") was a church built by Byzantine Emperor Basil I the Macedonian in Constantinople between 876 and 880. It was the first monumental church built in the Byzantine capital after the H ...
built. * 907 – Siege of Constantinople (907). * 908 – Lips Monastery built. * 920 – Myrelaion built. * 922 –
Battle of Constantinople (922) A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and force c ...
. * 941 –
Siege of Constantinople (941) Constantinople (part of modern Istanbul, Turkey) was built on the land that links Europe to Asia through Bosporus and connects the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea. As a transcontinental city within the Silk Road, Constantinople had a strategic ...
. * 971 – Church of Christ of the Chalke built by emperor
John I Tzimiskes John I Tzimiskes (; 925 – 10 January 976) was the senior Byzantine emperor from 969 to 976. An intuitive and successful general who married into the influential Skleros family, he strengthened and expanded the Byzantine Empire to inclu ...
. * 1000 – Hagios Theodoros built (approximate date). * 1030 – Monastery of St. Mary Peribleptos built by emperor
Romanos III Argyros Romanos III Argyros (; Latinized Romanus III Argyrus; 968 – 11 April 1034), or Argyropoulos, was Byzantine Emperor from 1028 until his death in 1034. He was a Byzantine noble and senior official in Constantinople when the dying Constantine ...
. * 1045 – Monastery of St. George of Mangana built (approximate date). * 1047 – September: Siege by rebels under
Leo Tornikios Leo Tornikios () was a mid-11th century Byzantine general and noble. In 1047, he rebelled against his cousin, the Byzantine Emperor, Constantine IX Monomachos (). He raised an army in Thrace and marched on the capital, Constantinople, which he ...
. * 1049 —
Theotokos Euergetis Monastery The monastery of Theotokos Euergetis () was a monastery in the European suburbs of the Byzantine capital, Constantinople, established in 1049 and surviving until the 13th century. History The monastery was founded in 1049, when a certain Paul retir ...
founded. * 1059 – Saint Thekla of the Palace of Blachernae built. * 1060 –
Pammakaristos Church The Pammakaristos Church, also known as the Church of Theotokos Pammakaristos (, "All-Blessed Mother of God"), is one of the most famous Byzantine church buildings in Istanbul, Turkey, and was the last pre- Ottoman building to house the Ecumenica ...
built (approximate date). * 1081 – Chora Church rebuilt. * 1087 – Monastery of Christ Pantepoptes built. * 1100 **
Paper Paper is a thin sheet material produced by mechanically or chemically processing cellulose fibres derived from wood, Textile, rags, poaceae, grasses, Feces#Other uses, herbivore dung, or other vegetable sources in water. Once the water is dra ...
in use. ** Saint John the Forerunner by-the-Dome built. * 1110 ** Kecharitomene Monastery built. **
Maiden's Tower __NOTOC__ The Maiden's Tower (), also known as Leander's Tower (''Tower of Leandros'') since the Byzantine period, is a tower on a small islet at the southern entrance of the Bosphorus strait, from the coast of Üsküdar in Istanbul, Turk ...
built. * 1136 – Monastery of the Pantocrator completed. * 1147 – September: Battle of Constantinople (1147) * 1181 – 2 May: Uprising of Maria Komnene against the rule of
Alexios Komnenos Alexios I Komnenos (, – 15 August 1118), Latinized as Alexius I Comnenus, was Byzantine emperor from 1081 to 1118. After usurping the throne, he was faced with a collapsing empire and constant warfare throughout his reign, Alexios wa ...
suppressed. * 1182 – April:
Massacre of the Latins The Massacre of the Latins was a large-scale massacre of Italian-descent Catholics (called " Latins") in Constantinople, the capital of the Byzantine Empire, by the Eastern Orthodox population of the city in April 1182.. The Catholics of Const ...
. * 1197 – 25 July: Fire destroys the Latin Quarter and other buildings. * 1200 – Theotokos Kyriotissa built (approximate date). * 1203 –
Siege of Constantinople (1203) The siege of Constantinople in 1203 was a crucial episode of the Fourth Crusade, marking the beginning of a series of events that would ultimately lead to the fall of the Byzantine capital. The crusaders, diverted from their original missio ...
by the
Fourth Crusade The Fourth Crusade (1202–1204) was a Latin Christian armed expedition called by Pope Innocent III. The stated intent of the expedition was to recapture the Muslim-controlled city of Jerusalem, by first defeating the powerful Egyptian Ayyubid S ...
, in which Alexius IV was able to usurp the throne after Alexius III fled to Thrace. * 1204 – April:
Siege of Constantinople (1204) The sack of Constantinople occurred in April 1204 and marked the culmination of the Fourth Crusade. Crusaders sacked and destroyed most of Constantinople, the capital of the Byzantine Empire. After the capture of the city, the Latin Empire ( ...
by the
Fourth Crusade The Fourth Crusade (1202–1204) was a Latin Christian armed expedition called by Pope Innocent III. The stated intent of the expedition was to recapture the Muslim-controlled city of Jerusalem, by first defeating the powerful Egyptian Ayyubid S ...
, in which the Byzantines were overwhelmed and the city thoroughly sacked. * 1235 –
Siege of Constantinople (1235) The siege of Constantinople (1235) was a joint Bulgarian–Nicaean siege on the capital of the Latin Empire. Latin emperor John of Brienne was besieged by the Nicaean emperor John III Doukas Vatatzes and Tsar Ivan Asen II of Bulgaria. Prelud ...
. * 1260 –
Siege of Constantinople (1260) The siege of Constantinople in 1260 was the failed attempt by the Nicene Empire, the major remnant of the fractured Byzantine Empire, to retake Constantinople from the Latin Empire and re-establish the City as the political, cultural and spiri ...
. * 1261 ** 25 July: Captured by Nicaean forces under
Alexios Strategopoulos Alexios Komnenos Strategopoulos () was a Byzantine aristocrat and general who rose to the rank of ''megas domestikos'' and ''Caesar (title), Caesar''. Distantly related to the Komnenian dynasty, he appears in the sources already at an advanced a ...
. ** Population: 35,000 * 1268 – Kyra Martha nunnery founded. * 1289 – June: Earthquake. * 1304 – South Church of Lips Monastery built. * 1307 – Monastery of Christ Philanthropos built. * 1325 –
Church of San Domenico Church may refer to: Religion * Church (building), a place/building for Christian religious activities and praying * Church (congregation), a local congregation of a Christian denomination * Church service, a formalized period of Christian comm ...
built. * 1332 – 17 January: Earthquake. * 1347 ** 14 October: Earthquake. ** 18 October: Earthquake. * 1348 **
Galata Tower The Galata Tower (), officially the Galata Tower Museum (), is a medieval Genoese tower in the Galata part of the Beyoğlu district of Istanbul, Turkey. Built as a watchtower at the highest point of the mostly demolished Walls of Galata, the t ...
built. ** Population: 80,000 * 1351 – 28 May:
Fifth Council of Constantinople Fifth Council of Constantinople is a name given to a series of seven councils held in the Byzantine capital Constantinople between 1341 and 1368, to deal with a dispute concerning the mystical doctrine of Hesychasm. These are referred to also a ...
completed. * 1376 – City besieged by forces of
Andronikos IV Palaiologos Andronikos IV Palaiologos or Andronicus IV Palaeologus (; 11 April 1348 – 25/28 June 1385) was the eldest son of Byzantine Emperor John V Palaiologos. Appointed co-emperor from 1352, he had a troubled relationship with his father: he launched a ...
. * 1394 ** Blockade of the city begun by Ottoman forces under
Bayezid I Bayezid I (; ), also known as Bayezid the Thunderbolt (; ; – 8 March 1403), was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1389 to 1402. He adopted the title of ''Sultan-i Rûm'', ''Rûm'' being the Arabic name for the Eastern Roman Empire. In 139 ...
. **
Anadoluhisarı Anadoluhisarı (), known historically as Güzelce Hisar ("the Beauteous Fortress") is a medieval Ottoman fortress located in Istanbul, Turkey on the Anatolian (Asian) side of the Bosporus. The complex is the oldest surviving Turkish architectural ...
fortress built.


15th–18th centuries

* 1402 ** Ottoman blockade lifted. ** Earthquake. * 1410 – June: Battle of Kosmidion. * 1411 –
Siege of Constantinople (1411) The siege of Constantinople of 1411 occurred during the Ottoman Interregnum, or Ottoman Civil War, (20 July 1402 – 5 July 1413), when chaos reigned in the Ottoman Empire following the defeat of Sultan Bayezid I by the Central Asian warlord T ...
. * 1422 –
Siege of Constantinople (1422) In 1422, the Ottoman Empire laid siege to Constantinople, the capital of the Byzantine Empire, as a result of the Byzantine Emperor Manuel II's attempts to interfere in the succession of Ottoman Sultans, after the death of Mehmed I in 1421. Th ...
. * 1427 – Church of Saint Benoit built. * 1437 ** 4 September: Earthquake. ** 25 November: Earthquake. * 1452 –
Rumelihisarı Rumelihisarı (also known as Rumelian Fortress and Roumeli Hissar Fortress) or Boğazkesen Fortress (literally 'strait-cutter fortress') is a medieval Ottoman Empire, Ottoman fortress located in Istanbul, Turkey, on a series of hills on the Europ ...
fortress built. * 1453 ** 6 April-29 May: Final Siege of Constantinople; City besieged by Ottoman forces;
Mehmed II Mehmed II (; , ; 30 March 14323 May 1481), commonly known as Mehmed the Conqueror (; ), was twice the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from August 1444 to September 1446 and then later from February 1451 to May 1481. In Mehmed II's first reign, ...
in power. ** Capital of the
Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire (), also called the Turkish Empire, was an empire, imperial realm that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Centr ...
relocated to Constantinople from
Edirne Edirne (; ), historically known as Orestias, Adrianople, is a city in Turkey, in the northwestern part of the Edirne Province, province of Edirne in Eastern Thrace. Situated from the Greek and from the Bulgarian borders, Edirne was the second c ...
. **
Hagia Sophia Hagia Sophia (; ; ; ; ), officially the Hagia Sophia Grand Mosque (; ), is a mosque and former Church (building), church serving as a major cultural and historical site in Istanbul, Turkey. The last of three church buildings to be successively ...
(converted from Orthodox cathedral to mosque) in use. ** ''
Medrese Madrasa (, also , ; Arabic: مدرسة , ), sometimes Romanization of Arabic, romanized as madrasah or madrassa, is the Arabic word for any Educational institution, type of educational institution, secular or religious (of any religion), whet ...
'' predecessor of
Istanbul University Istanbul University, also known as University of Istanbul (), is a Public university, public research university located in Istanbul, Turkey. Founded by Mehmed II on May 30, 1453, a day after Fall of Constantinople, the conquest of Constantinop ...
established. ** Population: 40,000–50,000 * 1454 ** 18 April: Treaty of Constantinople (1454) **
Imperial Arsenal The Imperial Arsenal () was the main base and naval shipyard of the Ottoman Empire from the 16th century to the end of the Empire. It was located on the Golden Horn in the Ottoman capital, Constantinople (modern Istanbul). Etymology The Ottoma ...
established. **
Phanar Greek Orthodox College Phanar Greek Orthodox College or Phanar Roman Orthodox Lyceum (), known in Greek as the Great School of the Nation and Patriarchal Academy of Constantinople (, ''Megáli toú Genous Scholí''), is the oldest surviving and most prestigious Greek Or ...
founded. ** Ağa hamamı built. * 1458 **
Yedikule Fortress Yedikule Fortress ( or ''Yedikule Zindanları''; meaning "Fortress of the Seven Towers") is a fortified historic structure located in the Yedikule neighbourhood of Fatih, in Istanbul, Turkey. Built in 1458 on the commission of Ottoman Sultan Me ...
built. **
Eyüp Sultan Mosque The Eyüp Sultan Mosque () is a mosque in Eyüp district of Istanbul, Turkey. The mosque complex includes a mausoleum marking the spot where Abu Ayyub al-Ansari, Ebu Eyüp el-Ansari (Abu Ayyub al-Ansari), the standard-bearer and companion of the ...
built. * 1460 – Grand Bazaar built (approximate date). * 1465 –
Topkapı Palace The Topkapı Palace (; ), or the Seraglio, is a large museum and library in the east of the Fatih List of districts of Istanbul, district of Istanbul in Turkey. From the 1460s to the completion of Dolmabahçe Palace in 1856, it served as the ad ...
construction begins. * 1467 – Turkish State Mint established. * 1470 **
Fatih Mosque The Fatih Mosque (, "Conqueror's Mosque" in English language, English) is an Ottoman Empire, Ottoman mosque off Fevzi Paşa Caddesi in the Fatih district of Istanbul, Turkey. The original mosque was constructed between 1463 and 1470 on the site ...
built. ** Sahn-ı Seman Medrese established. * 1471 – Rum Mehmed Pasha Mosque built. * 1472 –
Tiled Kiosk The Tiled Kiosk () is a pavilion set within the outer walls of Topkapı Palace and dates from 1472 as shown on the tile inscript above the main entrance. It was built by the Ottoman sultan Mehmed II as a pleasure palace or kiosk. It is located in ...
built. * 1478 – Galata Mosque in use. * 1479 – 25 January:
Treaty of Constantinople (1479) The Treaty of Constantinople was signed on 25 January 1479, which officially ended the sixteen-year-long war between the Republic of Venice and the Ottoman Empire. The Venetians were forced to hand over Scutari (which had been besieged by the O ...
* 1481 –
Galatasaray High School Galatasaray High School (, ), established in Istanbul in 1481, is the oldest and Selective school, highly selective high school in Turkey. It is also the second-oldest Turkish educational institution after Istanbul University, which was establi ...
established. * 1488 –
Complex of Sultan Bayezid II The Complex of Sultan Bayezid II () is a ''külliye'' located in Edirne, Turkey. It was built in 1488 by the Ottoman architect Mimar Hayruddin for the Sultan Bayezid II (reigned 1481–1512). The complex contains a Dar al-Shifa (Turkish ''dar ...
built. * 1491 – Firuz Agha Mosque built in
Fatih Fatih () is a municipality and district of Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its area is 15 km2, and its population is 368,227 (2022). It is home to almost all of the provincial authorities (including the mayor's office, police headquarters, metro ...
. * 1497 –
Gazi Atik Ali Pasha Mosque The Gazi Atik Ali Pasha Mosque () is a 15th-century Ottoman mosque located in the Çemberlitaş neighbourhood of the Fatih district in Istanbul, Turkey. Its construction was started under the orders of the future Grand Vizier Hadım Atik Ali P ...
built. * 1505 –
İskender Pasha Mosque, Fatih İskender Pasha Mosque (), a.k.a. Terkim Masjid () is a historic mosque located in Fatih district in Istanbul Istanbul is the List of largest cities and towns in Turkey, largest city in Turkey, constituting the country's economic, cultu ...
built (approximate date). * 1506 – Bayezid II Mosque built. * 1509 –
1509 Constantinople earthquake The 1509 Constantinople earthquake or historically ('Minor Judgment Day') occurred in the Sea of Marmara on 10 September 1509 at about 22:00. The earthquake had an estimated magnitude of on the surface-wave magnitude scale. A tsunami and 45 day ...
. * 1512 –
Vasat Atik Ali Pasha Mosque Vasat Atik Ali Pasha Mosque (), also known as Zincirlikuyu Mosque () or Karagümrük Mosque, is an Ottoman mosque located in the Karagümrük neighbourhood of the Fatih district in Istanbul, Turkey, on Fevzipaşa Street. Sultan Bayezid II's gran ...
built. * 1520 –
Suleiman the Magnificent Suleiman I (; , ; 6 November 14946 September 1566), commonly known as Suleiman the Magnificent in the Western world and as Suleiman the Lawgiver () in his own realm, was the List of sultans of the Ottoman Empire, Ottoman sultan between 1520 a ...
becomes
Sultan of the Ottoman Empire The sultans of the Ottoman Empire (), who were all members of the Ottoman dynasty (House of Osman), ruled over the Boundaries between the continents, transcontinental empire from its perceived inception in 1299 to Dissolution of the Ottoman Em ...
. * 1521 –
Ibrahim Pasha Palace The Ibrahim Pasha Palace ( is an Ottoman imperial court residence of Pargalı Ibrahim Pasha. It is located in Sultanahmet Square of Fatih district in Istanbul, Turkey. Currently, the building is mainly used as the Turkish and Islamic Arts Museum ...
in use. * 1528 –
Yavuz Selim Mosque The Yavuz Selim Mosque, also known as the Selim I Mosque and the Yavuz Sultan Selim Mosque () is a 16th-century Ottoman imperial mosque located at the top of the 5th hill of Istanbul, Turkey, in the neighborhood of Çukurbostan, overlooking the ...
built. * 1531 –
Piri Mehmed Pasha Mosque Piri Mehmed Pasha Mosque () is an Ottoman Empire, Ottoman-era mosque in Silivri, Istanbul Province, Turkey, built in 1530–31 by Grand vizier Piri Mehmed Pasha. History The mosque complex is located in the center of Silivri district of Istanbul ...
built. * 1533 – 22 July: Treaty of Constantinople (1533). * 1535 – French embassy established. * 1539 –
Haseki Sultan Complex The Haseki Sultan Complex (also Hürrem Sultan Complex) () is a 16th-century Ottoman imperial mosque complex in the Fatih district of Istanbul, Turkey. It was the first royal project designed by the chief imperial architect Mimar Sinan. History ...
built. * 1541 – Tomb of Hayreddin Barbarossa built. * 1542 – Defterdar Mosque built. * 1548 **
Mihrimah Sultan Mosque (Üsküdar) Mihrimah Sultan Mosque may refer to: * Mihrimah Sultan Mosque (Edirnekapı) * Mihrimah Sultan Mosque (Üsküdar) {{disambig Mosque disambiguation pages ...
built. **
Şehzade Mosque The Şehzade Mosque () is a 16th-century Ottoman imperial mosque located in the district of Fatih, on the third hill of Istanbul, Turkey. It was commissioned by Suleiman the Magnificent as a memorial to his son Şehzade Mehmed who died in 1543 ...
built. * 1550 ** Mosque with the Spiral Minaret built. ** Yavuz Sultan Selim Madras built. * 1551 – Hadim Ibrahim Pasha Mosque built. * 1554 – Coffee house in business. * 1555 – November/December:
Sinan Pasha Mosque (Istanbul) The Sinan Pasha Mosque () is an Ottoman mosque located in a densely populated district of Beşiktaş, in Istanbul, Turkey. It was built by the Ottoman architect Mimar Sinan for the admiral Sinan Pasha. The ''türbe'' (tomb) of Barbaros Hayrettin ...
built. * 1556 – Bath-house of Haseki Hurrem Sultan built. * 1557 **
Süleymaniye Mosque The Süleymaniye Mosque (, ) is an Ottoman imperial mosque located on the Seven hills of Istanbul, Third Hill of Istanbul, Turkey. The mosque was commissioned by Suleiman the Magnificent () and designed by the imperial architect Mimar Sinan. An ...
built. **
Süleymaniye Hamam The Süleymaniye Hamam is a historic Turkish bath (''hamam'') in Istanbul, Turkey, that forms part of the Süleymaniye Mosque complex. The building, on a hill facing the Golden Horn, was built in 1557 by Turkish architect, Mimar Sinan, and was na ...
bath built. * 1559 – Caferağa Medresseh built. * 1560 –
İskender Pasha Mosque, Kanlıca İskender Pasha Mosque () is a historic mosque located in the Kanlıca neighborhood of the Beykoz district of Istanbul, Turkey. Located across the Kanlıca Pier, the mosque was commissioned by (military judge) Kazasker Gazi İskender Pasha and ...
built. * 1563 –
Rüstem Pasha Mosque The Rüstem Pasha Mosque () is an Ottoman mosque located in the Hasırcılar Çarşısı (Strawmat Weavers Market) in the Tahtakale neighborhood of the Fatih district of Istanbul, Turkey, near the Spice Bazaar. Named after Rüstem Pasha, who ...
built. * 1567 – Sokollu Mehmed Pasha Mosque (Büyükçekmece) built. * 1570 –
Mihrimah Sultan Mosque (Edirnekapı) Mihrimah Sultan Mosque may refer to: * Mihrimah Sultan Mosque (Edirnekapı) * Mihrimah Sultan Mosque (Üsküdar) {{disambig Mosque disambiguation pages ...
built. * 1571 –
Sokollu Mehmed Pasha Mosque (Kadırga) Sokollu Mehmed Pasha Mosque is the name of some 16th-century Ottoman mosques built for grand vizier Sokollu Mehmed Pasha, and may refer to: * Sokollu Mehmed Pasha Mosque, Azapkapı, (built 1578) in Beyoğlu district of Istanbul, Turkey * Sokollu ...
built. * 1572 – Kara Ahmed Pasha Mosque built. * 1573 – Piyale Pasha Mosque built. * 1577 – Observatory of Taqi al-Din built. * 1578 – Sokollu Mehmed Pasha Mosque (Azapkapı) built. * 1580 –
Kılıç Ali Pasha Complex The Kılıç Ali Pasha Mosque () is a mosque at the heart of a complex designed and built between 1580 and 1587 by Mimar Sinan, who at the time was in his 90s. The mosque itself was constructed in 1578–1580. The complex is located in the Toph ...
built. * 1581 –
Şemsi Pasha Mosque The Şemsi Pasha Mosque (, also spelled ''Chamsi-Pasha'') is an Ottoman mosque located in the large and densely populated district of Üsküdar, in Istanbul, Turkey. History The Şemsi Pasha Mosque was designed by Ottoman imperial architect ...
built. * 1583 – 26 March: First British
ambassador An ambassador is an official envoy, especially a high-ranking diplomat who represents a state and is usually accredited to another sovereign state or to an international organization as the resident representative of their own government or so ...
to Constantinople arrives. * 1584 **
Çemberlitaş Hamamı The Çemberlitaş Hamamı is a historical Turkish bath () that was built beside Divan Yolu, a processional road dating back to the Byzantine Era that once led to Rome,Ergin, Nina. “Bathing Business in Istanbul: A Case Study of the Cemberlitas H ...
(bath) built. **
Molla Çelebi Mosque The Molla Çelebi Mosque (), sometimes known as the Fındıklı Mosque () is a 16th-century Ottoman Empire, Ottoman mosque located in the Fındıklı neighbourhood of the Beyoğlu district of Istanbul, Turkey. It was commissioned by Kazasker Meh ...
built. ** Church of St. Mary Draperis, Istanbul established. * 1586 **
Atik Valide Mosque The Atik Valide Mosque () is a 16th century Ottoman imperial mosque located on a hill above the large and densely populated district of Üsküdar, in Istanbul, Turkey. It was built for Nurbanu Sultan, the wife of Sultan Selim II and formed part o ...
built. ** Mesih Mehmed Pasha Mosque built. * 1590 ** 21 March:
Treaty of Constantinople (1590) 300px, The Vassal and tributary states of the Ottoman Empire">its client states in 1590 AD. Aftermath of the Treaty of Constantinople. The Treaty of Constantinople, also known as the Peace of Istanbul or the Treaty of Serdar Ferhad Pasha, Ferhad ...
. **
Zal Mahmud Pasha Mosque The Zal Mahmud Pasha Mosque () is a 16th-century Ottoman mosque located in the Eyüp district of Istanbul, Turkey. It was designed by the imperial architect Mimar Sinan and completed in 1590. History The building of the mosque was jointly endo ...
built. * 1604 –
Church of SS Peter and Paul, Istanbul SS Peter and Paul (, , ) is a Catholic Church, Catholic church in Istanbul, important for historical reasons. The church owns an icon of the Virgin of the Hodegetria type, which originally lay in a Dominican Order, Dominican church in Caffa, Crime ...
built. * 1612 – 20 November:
Treaty of Nasuh Pasha Treaty of Nasuh Pasha (, ) was a treaty between the Ottoman Empire and Safavid Persia after the war of 1603–1612, signed on 20 November 1612. It was made after a decisive Safavid victory. The main terms in the treaty included granting back Persi ...
. * 1613 – Aynalıkavak Palace built. * 1615 – Cossack raid on Istanbul (1615) * 1616 –
Sultan Ahmed Mosque The Blue Mosque, officially the Sultan Ahmed Mosque (), is an Ottoman-era historical imperial mosque located in Istanbul, Turkey. It was constructed between 1609 and 1617 during the rule of Ahmed I and remains a functioning mosque today. It al ...
built. * 1620 – Cossack raid on Istanbul (1620) * 1624 – Cossack raids on Istanbul (1624) * 1648 – Atmeydanı incident. * 1656 – 26 February:
Çınar incident Çınar, also spelled chinar and çinar, is a Turkic word meaning Platanus tree (commonly called " plane tree" or "sycamore tree" depending on the English dialect, derived from the Persian word chenar (Persian: چنار), and may refer to: Plac ...
. * 1660 ** 24–26 July:
Great Fire of 1660 Two-thirds of Constantinople (now Istanbul) were destroyed in the Great Fire of 1660. The chronicler Abdi Paşa estimated that the fire destroyed 280,000 houses and burned for approximately forty-nine hours. During the reconstruction of the city, ...
. ** New Bazaar built. * 1665 – Valide Sultan Mosque built. * 1678 – Church of St. Mary Draperis rebuilt. * 1700 – 13 July:
Treaty of Constantinople (1700) The Treaty of Constantinople or Istanbul was signed on 13 July 1700 between the Tsardom of Russia and the Ottoman Empire. It ended the Russo-Turkish War of 1686-1700. Russian tsar Peter the Great secured possession of the Azov region and freed hi ...
. * 1710 – Yeni Valide Mosque built. * 1728 – Fountain of Ahmed III built. * 1729 –
Fountain of Ahmed III (Üsküdar) The Fountain of Sultan Ahmed III in Üsküdar () is an 18th-century public water fountain built by Ottoman sultan Ahmed III in the Ottoman rococo architecture and situated in the grand square of Üsküdar in Istanbul, Turkey. History Sultan Ahme ...
built. * 1730 – 20 September:
Patrona Halil Patrona Halil (; ; 1690 in Argos Orestiko, Hrupishta – November 25, 1730 in Istanbul) was the instigator of a mob uprising in 1730 which replaced Ottoman Dynasty, Sultan Ahmed III with Mahmud I and ended the Tulip Period.Altınay, Ahmet Refik ...
rebellion. * 1732 – Tophane Fountain built. * 1736 – 24 September: Treaty of Constantinople (1736). * 1742 – 15 April: Apostolic Vicariate of Constantinople established. * 1746 –
Kalenderhane Mosque Kalenderhane Mosque () is a former Eastern Orthodox Church, Eastern Orthodox church (building), church in Istanbul, Turkey, converted into a mosque by the Ottoman Empire, Ottomans. With high probability the church was originally dedicated to the ...
consecrated. * 1753 – Yedikule Hospital founded. * 1755 –
Nuruosmaniye Mosque The Nuruosmaniye Mosque () is an 18th-century Ottoman mosque located in the Çemberlitaş neighbourhood of Fatih district in Istanbul, Turkey, which was inscribed in the Tentative list of World Heritage Sites in Turkey in 2016. Designed by a G ...
built. * 1758 –
Şemsipaşa Primary School Şemsipaşa Primary School, founded in 1758, is the oldest primary (elementary) school in Istanbul's Üsküdar district. History Background (1731–1758) The progenitor of Şemsipaşa Primary School was the Humbaracı Barracks, opened in 1 ...
established. * 1763 –
Laleli Mosque The Laleli Mosque () is an 18th-century Ottoman imperial mosque located in Laleli, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey. History The mosque was commissioned by Sultan Mustafa III to serve as his imperial or sultanic mosque. Although it was tradition am ...
built. * 1766 –
Earthquake An earthquakealso called a quake, tremor, or tembloris the shaking of the Earth's surface resulting from a sudden release of energy in the lithosphere that creates seismic waves. Earthquakes can range in intensity, from those so weak they ...
. * 1769 – Zeynep Sultan Mosque built. * 1771 – Fatih Mosque rebuilt. * 1773 – Naval Engineering at Golden Horn Naval Shipyard college founded. * 1774 –
Rami Barracks Rami Barracks (, ) were an Ottoman and later Turkish Army barracks located in the Eyüp district on the European part of Istanbul, Turkey. They were built in the 1770s in the Ottoman Empire era. As of January 13, 2023, following comprehensive re ...
built. * 1781 – Emirgan Mosque built. * 1793 – Balıklı Greek Hospital rebuilt. * 1795 **
Imperial School of Military Engineering The Imperial School of Military Engineering ( ; ) was an Ottoman military engineering academy in Hasköy, Constantinople. It was opened in 1795 during the reign of Selim III and continued functioning until 1928, until the opening of the High En ...
established. ** Mühendishane-i Berri Hümayun printing house established.


19th century

* 1800 – Eyüp Sultan Mosque rebuilt. * 1801 –
Big Selimiye Mosque Big or BIG may refer to: * Big, of great size or degree Film and television * ''Big'' (film), a 1988 fantasy-comedy film starring Tom Hanks * ''Big'', a 2023 Taiwanese children's film starring Van Fan and Chie Tanaka * ''Big!'', a Discovery ...
built. * 1806 –
Taksim Military Barracks The Taksim Military Barracks or Halil Pasha Artillery Barracks ( or ''Halil Paşa Topçu Kışlası'') were located at the site of the present-day Taksim Gezi Park next to Taksim Square in Istanbul, Turkey. It was built in 1806. During the 31 Ma ...
built. * 1807 – 29 May: Coup of 1807. * 1808 – 28 July: Coup of 1808. * 1813 – Hidayet Mosque built. * 1814 – Sultan Mahmut Fountain built. * 1821 –
Constantinople massacre of 1821 The Constantinople massacre of 1821 was orchestrated by the authorities of the Ottoman Empire against the Greek community of Constantinople in retaliation for the outbreak of the Greek War of Independence (1821–1830). As soon as the first n ...
. * 1825 – Pangaltı Mkhitaryan School established. * 1826 ** 15 June:
Auspicious Incident The Auspicious Incident or Auspicious EventGoodwin, pp. 296–299. ( in Constantinople; , "Event of Malignity" in the Balkans) was the forced disbandment of the centuries-old Janissary Corps by Ottoman Sultan Mahmud II on 15 June 1826.Kinross, ...
. **
Nusretiye Mosque The Nusretiye Mosque () is an ornate mosque located in Tophane district of Beyoğlu, Istanbul, Turkey. It was built in 1823–1826 by Sultan Mahmud II. Historical background The mosque was commissioned by Mahmud II and built between 1822 and 1 ...
built. * 1828 ** 6 February:
Selimiye Barracks Selimiye Barracks (), also known as Scutari Barracks, is a Turkish Army barracks located in Selimiye in the Üsküdar district on the Asian side of Istanbul, Turkey. It was originally built in 1800 by Sultan Selim III for the soldiers of the ...
built. **
Beyazıt Tower Beyazıt Tower, also named Seraskier Tower, from the name of the Serasker, Ottoman ministry of War, is an fire-watch tower located in the courtyard of Istanbul University's main campus (formerly Ottoman Ministry of War) on Beyazıt Square (known ...
built. * 1831 – October:
Takvim-i Vekayi ''Takvîm-i Vekâyi'' (, meaning "Calendar of Events") was the first fully Turkish language newspaper. It was launched in 1831 by Sultan Mahmud II, taking over from ''Le Moniteur ottoman'' as the official gazette of the Ottoman Empire. With the b ...
newspaper established. * 1832 ** February:
Treaty of Constantinople (1832) The Great Powers ratified the terms of the Constantinople Arrangement in connection with the border between Greece and the Ottoman Empire in the London Protocol of 30 August 1832, which marked the end of the Greek War of Independence and establi ...
. ** Beylerbeyi Palace Tunnel built. **
Davutpaşa Barracks Davutpaşa Barracks () were Ottoman Army barracks built in the 1800s and located at Davutpaşa neighborhood of Esenler district on the European part of Istanbul, Turkey. The building was used later as a shelter for immigrants during the Balkan War ...
built. * 1833 – 8 July:
Treaty of Hünkâr İskelesi The Treaty of Hünkâr İskelesi (once commonly spelled Unkiar Skelessi, and translating to The Treaty of "the Royal Pier" or "the Sultan's Pier") was a treaty signed between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire on July 8, 1833, following the m ...
. * 1834 ** Military Academy established. ** 31 May: Surp Pırgiç Armenian Hospital opened. * 1836 – 3 September: Hayratiye Bridge built. * 1837 – Surp Agop Hospital opened. * 1843 – Church of SS Peter and Paul rebuilt. * 1844 – Naum Theatre opened. * 1845 **
Galata Bridge The Galata Bridge (, ) is a bridge that spans the Golden Horn in Istanbul, Turkey. From the end of the 19th century in particular, the bridge has featured in Turkish literature, theater, poetry and novels. The current Galata Bridge is just the la ...
built. ** 21 September: Mekteb-i Fünun-ı İdadiye military high school established. * 1846 **
Cathedral of the Holy Spirit The Cathedral of the Holy Spirit, alternatively known as the ''St. Esprit Cathedral'' ( Turkish: ''Saint Esprit Kilisesi''), located on Cumhuriyet Avenue 127/A, in the quarter of Pangaltı in Şişli district, the former Harbiye, between Taksim ...
built. ** 1 July:
Armenian Evangelical Church The Armenian Evangelical Church () was established on July 1, 1846, by thirty-seven men and three women in Constantinople. History In the 19th century there was an intellectual and spiritual awakening in Constantinople. This awakening and enlig ...
established. ** 23 July: House of Multiple Sciences established (predecessor of Istanbul University). * 1848 **
Küçük Mecidiye Mosque The Küçük Mecidiye Mosque () is an Ottoman mosque in the Beşiktaş district of Istanbul, Turkey. It was built from the order of Sultan Abdülmecid I by Nigoğos Balyan, member of the Balyan family. The mosque is located on the Çırağan Stre ...
built. ** Nusretiye Clock Tower built. **
Ottoman Military College The Ottoman Military College or Imperial Military Staff College or Ottoman Army War College ( or ), was a two-year military staff college of the Ottoman Empire. It was located in İstanbul. Its mission was to educate staff officers for the Ott ...
established. * 1849 – 9 October: Bulgarian St. Stephen Church inaugurated. * 1850 ** 21 March: Istanbul Girls High School inaugurated. ** 22 March:
Cağaloğlu Anadolu Lisesi Cağaloğlu is a quarter located in the Fatih district of Istanbul, Turkey. Much of the publishing industry in Istanbul is located in Cağaloğlu. It is also famous for its ancient hamam, or Turkish bath, known as the Cağaloğlu Hamam. Name The ...
established. * 1851 **
Hırka-i Şerif Mosque Hırka-i Şerif Mosque (, ) is a historic mosque in Istanbul, Turkey. It takes its name from a relic, the mantle of prophet Muhammad, which is preserved in the mosque. Mosque Hırka-i Şerif Mosque (literally "Mosque of the Blessed Mantle") is s ...
built. **
Emirgan Pier Emirgan Pier () is a historic passenger ferryboat pier located in Emirgan neighborhood of Sarıyer district in Istanbul Province, Turkey. It serves ferries in Istanbul running between Çengelköy and İstinye on Bosphorus. The pier went into serv ...
opened. * 1852 **
Taşkışla Taşkışla () is neighborhood and building complex in Istanbul. It takes its name ''Stone Barracks'' from its use as a military establishment in the Ottoman period also known as Mecidiye Kışlası. It is located in close proximity to Beyoğlu a ...
houses built. **
Taksim German Hospital The Taksim German Hospital () is a health care institution in Cihangir, Istanbul which is owned by the Universal Hospitals Group since 1992. It was closed for a three-year refurbishment and re-opened in 1995. The hospital had around 300 beds. Univ ...
founded. * 1853 –
Üsküdar Ferry Terminal The Üsküdar Ferry Terminal, also known as the Üsküdar Pier (), is a ferry terminal in Üsküdar, Istanbul, located along Paşa Limanı Avenue on the Bosporus strait. It is used by Municipal Şehir Hatları (City Lines) ferries as well as priva ...
opened. * 1854 –
Teşvikiye Mosque The Teşvikiye Mosque () is a neo-baroque structure located in the Teşvikiye neighbourhood of Şişli district in Istanbul, Turkey. History The mosque was originally commissioned in 1794 by Sultan Selim III, but most of the current mosque t ...
built. * 1855 ** Ihlamur Palace built. **
Dolmabahçe Mosque The Dolmabahçe Mosque () is a baroque waterside mosque in Kabataş, Beyoğlu, Kabataş in the Beyoğlu district of Istanbul, Turkey, close to the Dolmabahçe Palace. It was commissioned by Queen Mother Bezmiâlem Sultan, Bezmialem Valide Sultan ...
built. * 1856 ** 27 November:
Lycée Notre Dame de Sion Istanbul Lycée Notre Dame de Sion Istanbul () is a French private high school located in the Harbiye, Şişli neighbourhood of Istanbul, Turkey. It was founded in 1856. The high school was established in the Ottoman Empire as a missionary school for gir ...
established. **
Dolmabahçe Palace Dolmabahçe Palace ( ) is a 19th-century imperial palace located in Istanbul, Turkey, along the European shore of the Bosporus, which served as the main administrative center of the Ottoman Empire from 1856 to 1887 and from 1909 to 1922. Histor ...
built in
Beşiktaş Beşiktaş () is a district and municipality of Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its area is 18 km2 and its population is 175,190 (2022). It is located on the European shore of the Bosphorus strait. It is bordered on the north by Sarıyer and ...
. **
Ortaköy Mosque Ortaköy Mosque (), formally the Büyük Mecidiye Camii () in Beşiktaş, Istanbul, Turkey, is a mosque situated at the waterside of the Ortaköy pier square, one of the most popular locations on the Bosphorus. It was commissioned by the Ottom ...
built. **
Ottoman Bank The Ottoman Bank (), known from 1863 to 1925 as the Imperial Ottoman Bank (, ) and correspondingly referred to by its French acronym BIO, was a bank that played a major role in the financial history of the Ottoman Empire. By the early 20th cent ...
founded. ** Fenerbahçe Lighthouse built. * 1857 ** Küçüksu Palace built. ** Ahırkapı Feneri lighthouse built. * 1859 ** 12 February: Mekteb-i Mülkiye-i Şahane college established. **
Şişli Greek Orthodox Cemetery Şişli Greek Orthodox Cemetery (), also known as ''Şişli Eastern Orthodox Cemetery'', is a Christian cemetery in Istanbul, Turkey. The burial ground is the final resting place of people professing the Orthodox faith in Istanbul. The cem ...
founded. * 1861 ** 14 April: Bulgarian Catholic Apostolic Vicariate of Constantinople established. **
Adile Sultan Palace Adile Sultan Palace () is the former royal residence of Ottoman Empire, Ottoman princess Adile Sultan. It was donated to the state by Adile Sultan to be used as a school building for the Kandilli Anatolian High School for Girls and is today a cu ...
built. ** ''Al-Jawâ'ib'' begins publication. **
Liceo Italiano di Istanbul The Liceo Italiano Statale Istanbul () or the Istituti Medi Italiani (I.M.I.), popularly known as ''Liceo Italiano'' in Italian and ''İtalyan Lisesi'' in Turkish, is under legislation a ''private school'' which is situated in Beyoğlu, Istanb ...
founded. * 1862 –
Tekel Tekel A.Ş. ( Turkish, literally ''single-hand'' or ''monopoly'' and generally capitalised as TEKEL) was a Turkish tobacco and alcoholic beverages company. It was nationalised in 1925 from a parastatal (government owned/controlled) company, the ...
tobacco company founded. * 1863 ** 16 September:
Robert College The American Robert College of Istanbul ( or ), often abbreviated as Robert or RC, is a Selective school, highly selective, Independent school, independent, mixed-sex education, co-educational, Education in Turkey#Private schools, private Second ...
opened. ** First painting exhibition sponsored by Sultan
Abdülaziz Abdulaziz (; ; 8 February 18304 June 1876) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 25 June 1861 to 30 May 1876, when he was 1876 Ottoman coup d'état, overthrown in a government coup. He was a son of Sultan Mahmud II and succeeded his brother ...
. * 1865 **
Beylerbeyi Palace The Beylerbeyi Palace () is a 19th-century Ottoman palace located in the Beylerbeyi neighborhood of Istanbul’s Üsküdar district, on the Asian shore of the Bosporus. Commissioned by Sultan Abdulaziz and completed between 1861 and 1865, the ...
built. **
Altunizade Mosque Altunizade Mosque (), also known as İsmail Zühtü Pasha Mosque () is a 19th-century Ottoman mosque located in Istanbul, Turkey. The mosque is situated in the Altunizade neighborhood of Üsküdar district in Istanbul. It was commissioned by Al ...
built. * 1866 – Gedikpaşa Tiyatrosu theatre established. * 1867 –
Çırağan Palace Çırağan Palace (), a former Ottoman palace, is now a five-star hotel in the Kempinski Hotels chain. It is located on the European shore of the Bosporus, between Beşiktaş and Ortaköy in Istanbul, Turkey. The Sultan Suite, billed at pe ...
built. * 1868 ** 1 April:
Court of Cassation A court of cassation is a high-instance court that exists in some judicial systems. Courts of cassation do not re-examine the facts of a case; they only interpret the relevant law. In this, they are appellate courts of the highest instance. In ...
established. ** 1 May:
Deutsche Schule Istanbul Deutsche Schule Istanbul (, shortened as DSI), with formal Turkish language, Turkish name Özel Alman Lisesi () or İstanbul Alman Lisesi () or simply Alman Lisesi () is a Private school, private international high school in the Beyoğlu district o ...
founded. **
Kandilli Observatory Kandilli Observatory, or more formally Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute (KOERI; ) is a Turkish observatory, which is also specialized on earthquake research. It is situated in Kandilli neighborhood of Üsküdar district on t ...
established. **
Galatasaray Museum Galatasaray Museum (officially Galatasaray University Culture&Art Center; ) is a cultural center in Istanbul, Turkey, founded in 1868 to inform the society of the traditions and history of Galatasaray. The building The museum initially opened at ...
established. * 1870 ** June 5: Fire in
Pera Pera may refer to: Places * Pera (Beyoğlu), a district in Istanbul formerly called Pera, now called Beyoğlu ** Galata, a neighbourhood of Beyoğlu, often referred to as Pera in the past * Pêra (Caparica), a Portuguese locality in the district o ...
. ** 24 November: '' Diyojen'' magazine founded. **
Malta Kiosk The Malta Kiosk (), also known as the Malta Pavilion, is a historic imperial Ottoman residence located within the garden of the Yıldız Palace in Istanbul, Turkey. The two-storey pavilion was commissioned by Sultan Abdülaziz (reigned 1861&ndas ...
built. * 1871 **
Feriye Palace The Feriye Palace () is a complex of Ottoman imperial palace buildings along the European shoreline of the Bosphorus strait in Istanbul, Turkey. Currently, the buildings host educational institutions such as a high school and a university. Histo ...
built. ** American College for Girls established in
Arnavutköy Arnavutköy ( ' Albanian village'; ) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Beşiktaş, Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its population is 3,574 (2022). It is renowned for its wooden Ottoman mansions and seafood restaurants, as well a ...
. * 1872 ** Pertevniyal Valide Sultan Mosque built. **
Haydarpaşa railway station Haydarpaşa station () is a railway station in Istanbul, that was, until 2012 the main city terminal for trains travelling to and from the Anatolian side of Turkey. It used to be Turkey's busiest railway station. (Its counterpart on the European ...
opened. **
Pertevniyal High School Pertevniyal High School of Istanbul was founded in 1872 by Pertevniyal Sultan, the mother of Sultan Abdulaziz. It cost 3520 gold coins to build the school. The school was forced to relocate after the fire of 1911, which destroyed much of downtown ...
founded. ** '' El Tiempo'' Ladino-language newspaper founded. ** 22 July: ***
Bakırköy railway station Bakırköy railway station () is the main railway station in Bakırköy, Istanbul. Located west of Sirkeci station, the station was serviced by Istanbul suburban commuter trains as well as TCDD regional trains to Kapıkule, Çerkezköy and Uzunk ...
opened. *** Küçükçekmece railway station opened. ** 27 July:
Sirkeci railway station Sirkeci railway station (), listed on maps as Istanbul railway station (), is a railway terminal in Istanbul, Turkey. The terminal is located in Sirkeci, on the tip of Istanbul's historic peninsula, right next to the Golden Horn and just nor ...
opened. ** 22 September: ***
Bostancı railway station Bostancı () is a neighborhood in the municipality and district of Kadıköy, Istanbul Province, Turkey. Description Bostancı is on the Anatolian side of Istanbul, on the shore of the Sea of Marmara. As the easternmost neighborhood of the Kadı ...
opened. *** Erenköy railway station opened. *** Feneryolu railway station opened. ***
Kartal railway station Kartal railway station () is a railway station in Kartal, Istanbul. The station was a stop on the Haydarpaşa suburban between 1951 and 2013, when the railway between Haydarpaşa and Pendik was closed. The station reopened to Marmaray commuter ra ...
opened. *** Küçükyalı railway station opened. * 1873 ** 27 April: Fenerbahçe railway station opened. **
Darüşşafaka High School Darüşşafaka High School () is a boarding, coeducational school in Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey, established in 1863. It was founded by the Darüşşafaka Society, recognized as Turkey's first civil society organization in the field of education. T ...
founded. * 1874 – Population: 827,750 * 1875 ** 17 January: *** Beyoğlu (Tünel) railway station opened. ***
Karaköy (Tünel) Karaköy is a station on the historic Tünel funicular, funicular railway in Beyoğlu, Istanbul. Located on Tersane Avenue, just north of the Golden Horn, it is the southern and lower terminus of the railway. The station is located on the ground ...
railway station opened. ** Esma Sultan Mansion built. * 1876 ** 3 January:'' Akhtar'' Persian-language magazine established. ** '' Muharrir'' magazine established. **
Üsküdar American Academy Üsküdar American Academy ( Turkish: ''Üsküdar Amerikan Lisesi'', ) often abbreviated as Üsküdar American or UAA, is a private coeducational American high school located in Üsküdar borough of Istanbul, Turkey. The school was established b ...
founded. **
Göztepe railway station Göztepe station () is a historical railway station in Kadıköy, Istanbul. Between 1969 and 2013, it was a station on the Haydarpaşa suburban railway line to Gebze. A modern station of the same name is now a stop on the Marmaray commuter rail ...
built. * 1877 – 18 December: Central Committee for Defending Albanian Rights formed. * 1878 ** 26 June: Tercüman-ı Hakikat newspaper first published. ** Istanbul Bar Association established. * 1879 ** 12 October:
Society for the Publication of Albanian Writings Society for the Publication of Albanian Letters () (Arvanitika: Σ̈oκ̇ε̰ρι ε τε̰ Σ̈τυπȣρι Σ̈κρoν̇α Σ̈κ̇ιπ) was a patriotic organization of Albanians, Albanian intellectuals, promoting publications in Albanian langu ...
formed. * 1880 ** 14 September:
Hagia Triada Greek Orthodox Church, Istanbul Hagia Triada ("Holy Trinity"; ; ) is a Greek Orthodox Church (building), church in Istanbul, Turkey. The building was erected in 1880 and is considered the largest Greek Orthodox shrine in Istanbul today. It is still in use by the Greeks in Turke ...
built. **
Yıldız Palace Yıldız Palace (, ) is a vast complex of former imperial Ottoman Empire, Ottoman pavilions and villas in Beşiktaş, Istanbul, Turkey, built in the 19th and early 20th centuries. It was used as a residence by the List of sultans of the Ottoman ...
built. * 1882 **
Palazzo Corpi The Palazzo Corpi is a 19th-century palazzo in Istanbul, Turkey. The historical building was built for Genoese merchant Ignazio Corpi by Italian architect Giacomo Leoni between 1873 and 1882. The property was bought by the United States governmen ...
built. **
Ottoman Public Debt Administration The Ottoman Public Debt Administration (OPDA) (, or simply ''Düyun-u Umumiye'' as it was popularly known, , ), was a European-controlled organization that was established in 1881 to collect the payments which the Ottoman Empire owed to European ...
building constructed. **
School of Fine Arts The School of Fine Arts or College of Fine Arts is the official name or part of the name of several schools of fine arts, often as an academic part of a larger university. These include: The Americas North America *Alabama School of Fin ...
established. ** Numune-i Terakki school founded. ** 14 January:
Istanbul Chamber of Commerce The Istanbul Chamber of Commerce (ICOC) () is an institution that organizes and records the commercial transactions of individuals and commercial institutions located in Istanbul; in addition the ICOC also keeps records for these companies. The a ...
established. * 1883 ** School of Economics established. **
Orient Express The ''Orient Express'' was a long-distance passenger luxury train service created in 1883 by the Belgian company ''Compagnie Internationale des Wagons-Lits'' (CIWL) that operated until 2009. The train traveled the length of continental Europe, w ...
(Paris–Istanbul) begins operating. ** '' Drita'' Albanian magazine begins publishing. * 1886 ** 1 September:
Getronagan Armenian High School Getronagan is an Armenian minority high school in the Karaköy district of Istanbul, Turkey, The school is attached to the Saint Gregory the Illuminator Church. Establishment With the sponsorship of Archbishop Nerses Varjabetyan, Getronagan H ...
established. **
Yıldız Hamidiye Mosque The Yıldız Hamidiye Mosque (), also called the Yıldız Mosque (), is an Ottoman imperial mosque located in Yıldız neighbourhood of Beşiktaş district in Istanbul, Turkey, on the way to Yıldız Palace. The mosque was commissioned by the O ...
built. * 1887 **
Ertuğrul Tekke Mosque The Ertuğrul Tekke Mosque () is an Ottoman imperial mosque located in Yıldız, Beşiktaş, Yıldız neighbourhood, Serencebey rise of Beşiktaş district in Istanbul, Turkey. A late Ottoman Empire, Ottoman period mosque, it is constructed as a ...
built. ** Hidayet Mosque rebuilt. * 1890 **
Yıldız Clock Tower Yıldız Clock Tower (), is a clock tower situated next to the courtyard of the Yıldız Hamidiye Mosque, in Yıldız neighborhood of Beşiktaş district in Istanbul, Turkey at the European side of Bosphorus. History The tower was ordered by the ...
built. **
Kum Kapu demonstration The Kum Kapu demonstration occurred in the Kumkapı district of Constantinople on July 27, 1890. It ensued in skirmishing in which several demonstrators and four police officers were killed. The intent of the demonstration was "..to awaken the ...
. **
Tekel Birası Tekel Birası is a Turkish beer brand. Having first been brewed in Bomonti, Istanbul in 1890, it is known as the oldest brewery brand in the country. Tekel Birası was a state monopoly brand until 2004. Following the privatisation, the era of Te ...
brewery established. * 1891 – 13 June: Imperial Museum founded. * 1892 **
Pera Palace Hotel The Pera Palace Hotel () is a historic special category hotel and museum hotel located in the Beyoğlu (Pera) district in Istanbul, Turkey. It was built in 1892 for the purpose of hosting the passengers of the Orient Express and was named aft ...
built. **
Mekteb-i Aşiret-i Humayun Mekteb-i Aşiret-i Hümayun ();, Imperial Tribal School) or Aşiret Mektebi () was an Istanbul school founded in 1892 by Abdulhamid II to promote the integration of tribes into the Ottoman Empire through education. Abdulhamid's main assistant in ...
school established. * 1893 –
Zografeion Lyceum Zografeion Lyceum or Zografyon Lyceum (, ) is one of the remaining open Greek schools in Istanbul. The school is in the Istanbul city centre in the Beyoğlu district and very close to the Taksim Square, which is considered the heart of the city. ...
inaugurated. * 1894 ** 10 July: an earthquake in the Gulf of İzmit kills about 1,349 people. ** Pando's Creamery in business. * 1895 **
Dolmabahçe Clock Tower Dolmabahçe Clock Tower () is a clock tower situated outside Dolmabahçe Palace in Istanbul, Turkey. Its construction was ordered by Ottoman sultan Abdülhamid II (1842–1918) and designed by the court architect Sarkis Balyan between 1890 and ...
built. ** Russian Archaeological Institute of Constantinople established. ** Lycée Sainte-Euphémie established. * 1896 ** 1 January:
Kurtuluş S.K. Kurtuluş S.K. is a sports club of Kurtuluş, Şişli district, Istanbul, Turkey. Its men's basketball team competes in the fifth tier İstanbul Büyük Erkekler Bsketbol Ligi, İstanbul Büyük Erkekler Basketbol Ligi History Kurtuluş S.K. was ...
founded. ** 26 August: Occupation of the Ottoman Bank. * 1897 **
Treaty of Constantinople (1897) The Treaty of Constantinople was a treaty between the Ottoman Empire and the Kingdom of Greece signed on 4 December 1897 following the Greco-Turkish War (1897). Background The island of Crete was a part of the Ottoman Empire, but had a predomin ...
. **
Istanbul Naval Museum The Istanbul Naval Museum (Turkish language, Turkish: ''İstanbul Deniz Müzesi'') is a national naval museum, located in the Beşiktaş district of Istanbul, Turkey. It was established in 1897 by the Ottoman Empire, Ottoman Minister of the Navy ...
established. **
Tokatlıyan Hotels The Tokatlıyan Hotels, founded by Meguerditch Tokatliyan, were two prominent luxury hotels located in Istanbul. Many famous individuals such as Leon Trotsky and Mustafa Kemal Atatürk stayed in one or other of them. They were among the first Eur ...
built. * 1899 – 20 April:
Port of Haydarpaşa The Port of Haydarpaşa, also known as the Port of Haidar Pasha () or the Port of Istanbul, is a general cargo seaport, ro-ro and container terminal, situated in Haydarpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey at the southern entrance to the Bosphorus, near Hayd ...
opened.


20th century

* 1900 –
Port of Istanbul The Port of Istanbul is a passenger terminal for cruise liners, which is situated in the Karaköy neighborhood of the Beyoğlu district in Istanbul, Turkey. It consists of two adjoining piers, the Galata Pier and the Salıpazarı Pier, extendin ...
opened. * 1901 ** 27 January: German Fountain inaugurated. ** Ulus Sephardi Jewish Cemetery established. * 1903 ** 4 March:
Beşiktaş J.K. Beşiktaş Jimnastik Kulübü (, ), abbreviated as BJK, is a Turkish professional sports club founded in 1903 that is based in the Beşiktaş district of Istanbul. The club's football team is one of the Big Three in Turkey and one of the most ...
founded. ** Moda F.C. founded. * 1904 **
Istanbul Football League The Istanbul Football League () was founded as a regional association football, football league under the name Constantinople Football Association League by James La Fontaine and Henry Pears in Istanbul, the capital of the former Ottoman Empire, ...
established. ** Elpis F.C. founded. ** HMS Imogene F.C. founded. * 1905 ** 21 July: Yıldız assassination attempt. ** 30 October:
Galatasaray S.K. Galatasaray Spor Kulübü (, ''Galatasaray Sports Club''), more commonly referred to as simply Galatasaray and familiarly as Cimbom, is a Turkish sports club based on the European side of the city of Istanbul including basketball, wheelchair ...
founded. * 1907 ** 3 May:
Fenerbahçe S.K. (football) Fenerbahçe Spor Kulübü (, ''Fenerbahçe Sports Club''), commonly known simply as Fenerbahçe, or colloquially as Fener is the football branch of Fenerbahçe Sports Club association, based in Kadıköy district of Istanbul, Turkey. They compe ...
founded. **
Khedive Palace The Khedive's Palace (, "Khedive Palace"), also known as Çubuklu Palace (''Çubuklu Sarayı''), is located on the Asian side of the Bosphorus in Istanbul, Turkey, and was once the residence of Khedive Abbas II of Egypt and Sudan. In English it ...
built. ** Etfal Hospital Clock Tower built. * 1908 ** Istanbul declared a province with nine constituent districts. ** Ottoman National Olympic Society founded. **
Şükrü Saracoğlu Stadium The Şükrü Saracoğlu Stadium (), known for sponsorship reasons as Ülker Stadium Fenerbahçe Şükrü Saracoğlu Sports Complex (), or simply Ülker Stadium, is a football stadium located in the Kadıköy district of Istanbul Istanbu ...
inaugurated. **
Kabataş Erkek Lisesi Kabataş may refer to: * Kabataş, Beyoğlu, a quarter in the European part of Istanbul, Turkey ** Kabataş (Istanbul Metro), a funicular railway station * Kabataş, Çine, a village in Aydın Province, Turkey * Kabataş, Kemaliye, a village in Erz ...
established. ** '' Karagöz'' magazine established. ** Osmanischer Lloyd established. ** '' Demet'' magazine established. ** '' Jamanak'' Armenian-language newspaper established. ** '' El Gugeton'' Ladino-language newspaper established. **
Vefa S.K. Vefa SK is a football (soccer), football club in Vefa, neighborhood of the Fatih (Eminönü between 1928 and 2008) district of Istanbul. The team currently competing at Bölgesel Amatör Lig 1st Grup which is 5th level of Turkish leagues. Vefa S ...
founded. ** Beykoz S.K.D. founded. **
Üsküdar Anadolu S.K. Üsküdar Anadolu Spor Kulübü is a Turkish football club based in Üsküdar district of Istanbul. It was founded by Mehmed Bürhaneddin (Burhan Felek) and Dr. Hüdai in 1908. Their team colours are green and white. They are currently playing in ...
founded. ** Strugglers F.C. founded. * 1909 **
31 March Incident The 31 March incident () was an uprising in the Ottoman Empire in April 1909, during the Second Constitutional Era. The incident broke out during the night of 30–31 Mart 1325 in Rumi calendar ( GC 12–13 April 1909), thus named after 31 Mar ...
**
National Bank of Turkey The National Bank of Turkey was a commercial bank in Turkey founded in 1909.Marian Kent (1975). Agent of Empire? The National Bank of Turkey and British Foreign Policy. The Historical Journal, 18, pp 367-389 doi:10.1017/ S0018246X00023736 The major ...
established. **
Scouting and Guiding Federation of Turkey Scouting and Guiding Federation of Turkey (''Türkiye İzcilik Federasyonu'', TİF) is the national Scouting and Girl Guides, Guiding federation of Turkey. It serves 33,974 Scouts (as of 2011) and 2,883 Guides (as of 2006). The federation is a me ...
predecessor formed. ** Al-Muntada al-Adabi formed. ** '' Shehbal'' magazine founded. ** Altınordu İdman Yurdu S.K. founded. * 1910 ** Mısır Apartment built. ** Suadiye railway station opened. ** '' Hamevasser'' newspaper established. **
Apikoğlu Apikoğlu Brothers is a family owned and operated meat packing organization founded in Turkey. The company is renowned for its production of sujuk and pastirma. Apikoğlu is the first company to mass-produce meat products in Turkey and serve the ...
company founded. ** 22 April: '' Hikmet'' magazine established. * 1911 **
Yıldız Technical University Yıldız Technical University ( Turkish: ''Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi'', often simply referred to as YTU or Yıldız) is a prominent public technical university dedicated to engineering and natural sciences, as well as social sciences recentl ...
established. **
Istanbul International Community School Istanbul International Community School (also known as IICS) is one of the oldest international schools in the world and the first established in Istanbul. It was one of the first schools in the world authorized to offer all three International Ba ...
established. **
Erenköy Girls High School Erenköy Girls High School (Turkish language, Turkish: ''Erenköy Kız Anadolu Lisesi'') is a public girls high school in the Erenköy, Kadıköy, Erenköy neighborhood of Kadıköy district in Istanbul, Turkey. Founded in 1911 during the Ottom ...
established. **
Marmnamarz ''Marmnamarz'' (Armenian: Մարմնամարզ), published between 1911 and 1914, was one of the first sport magazines in the Ottoman Empire. The magazine was established and edited by Shavarsh Krissian. The first issue appeared in February 1911 ...
sports magazine begins publishing. ** Küçükçekmece S.K. founded. ** Beylerbeyi S.K. founded. ** Rumblers F.C. founded. ** 11 June:
Greek Byzantine Catholic Church The Greek Byzantine Catholic Church (, ''Ellinórrythmi Katholikí Ekklisía'') or the Greek-Catholic Church of Greece is a '' sui iuris'' Eastern Catholic particular church of the Catholic Church that uses the Byzantine Rite in Koine Greek and ...
established. ** 23 July:
Monument of Liberty, Istanbul The Monument of Liberty (; ), in the Şişli-Mecidiyeköy district of Istanbul, Turkey, is a memorial in honour of the soldiers killed defending the Ottoman Parliament against rebel forces during the 31 March Incident. It is situated on Hürriyet ...
completed. * 1912 **
İnterbank İnterbank A.Ş is a defunct Turkish bank, the successor of the Banque de Salonique () founded in 1888 in Thessaloniki () and relocated to Istanbul in 1910. In 1969, that bank was sold by its French controlling shareholders and renamed . It was ren ...
moves to Constantinople. **
Church of St. Anthony of Padua, Istanbul The Church of St. Anthony of Padua (), alternatively known as Sant'Antonio di Padova Church or S. Antonio di Padova, is the largest Catholic church in Istanbul, Turkey. It is located on İstiklal Avenue in the Beyoğlu district. Together with th ...
built. **
Gülhane Park Gülhane Park (, "Rosehouse Park") is a historical urban park in the Fatih district of Istanbul, Turkey; it covers an area of 9.7 ha, is adjacent to and on the grounds of the Topkapı Palace. The south entrance of the park sports one of the large ...
opens. **
Orfeon Records Orfeon Records was a Turkish producer of phonographs and gramophone records. The first record company in Turkey, it was founded by the Blumenthal Family in 1912. The company was based in Istanbul and was actively producing records until 1924 when i ...
established. ** Istanbul Friday League established. **
Hilal S.K. Hilal SK is a sports club of Göztepe, Istanbul, Turkey Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a relatively small part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe. It borders th ...
founded. **
Telefoncular F.C. Telefoncular FC was an association football club which was founded by Englishmen who were employed building the İstanbul Telephone Company in Istanbul in Turkey in 1912. It was closed by the Ottoman Government due to the outbreak of World War I.
founded. ** 25 March:
Turkish Hearths Turkish Hearths () is a non-governmental organization (NGO) in Turkey. It was founded in 1912, during the last years of the Ottoman Empire, in a period when almost all non-Turkish elements had their own national committees, and Turkish Hearths ...
founded. * 1913 ** 23 January:
1913 Ottoman coup d'état The 1913 Ottoman coup d'état (23 January 1913), also known as the Raid on the Sublime Porte (), was a coup d'état carried out in the Ottoman Empire by a number of Committee of Union and Progress (CUP) members led by Enver Pasha, Ismail Enver Bey ...
. ** 29 September: Treaty of Constantinople **
Turkish and Islamic Arts Museum The Turkish and Islamic Arts Museum () is a museum in Sultanahmet Square in Fatih district of Istanbul, Turkey which first opened in 1914 and in 1983 moved into the palace of Pargalı Ibrahim Pasha, the second grand vizier of Suleiman the Magni ...
opens. **
Bebek Mosque Bebek Mosque (), officially Hümayûn-u Âbad Mosque ( for: Prosperous Imperial Mosque) is a 1913-built mosque located in Bebek neighborhood of Beşiktaş district in Istanbul, Turkey. Bebek Mosque was designed by Mimar Kemaleddin (1870–1927 ...
built. ** Veliefendi Race Course opened. **
Anadolu Hisarı İdman Yurdu S.K. Anadolu Hisarı İdman Yurdu SK is sports club of Istanbul, Turkey. History Anadolu Hisarı İdman Yurdu SK was founded on 1 April 1913. * Winner: İstanbul Amatör Küme Group * Winner: İstanbul championship Branches *Football *Field Hockey *Ro ...
founded. * 1914 ** Population: 1,125,000 ** 25 January: Electric tram line begins operating on the European side. ** 11 February:
Silahtarağa Power Station The Silahtarağa Power Station () was a coal-fired generating station located in Istanbul Turkey. The Ottoman Empire's first urban-scaled power plant, it was in use from 1914 to 1983. The site has since been converted into a university campus f ...
opened. ** 28 June:
Darülbedayi The Darülbedayi was an Ottoman imperial theatre established in Istanbul Istanbul is the List of largest cities and towns in Turkey, largest city in Turkey, constituting the country's economic, cultural, and historical heart. With Demograp ...
founded. ** Metrohan Building built. **
Darülbedayi The Darülbedayi was an Ottoman imperial theatre established in Istanbul Istanbul is the List of largest cities and towns in Turkey, largest city in Turkey, constituting the country's economic, cultural, and historical heart. With Demograp ...
theatre founded. ** Istanbul Championship League established. ** Beyoğlu S.K. established. * 1915 ** 24 April:
Deportation of Armenian intellectuals on 24 April 1915 The deportation of Armenian intellectuals is conventionally held to mark the beginning of the Armenian genocide. Leaders of the Armenian community in the Ottoman capital of Constantinople (now Istanbul), and later other locations, were arrest ...
. ** 15 June:
The 20 Hunchakian gallows The 20 Hunchakian gallows (, , also "The 20 Martyrs" and "The 20s") is the common name for the group of Social Democrat Hunchakian Party, Hunchakian activists who were hanged in the Sultan Beyazıt Square of Ottoman Constantinople, Constantinople ...
hanging occurs in
Beyazıt Square Beyazıt Square () lies to the north of Ordu Caddesi in the district of Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey. Officially named ''Freedom Square'' (), it is more generally known as Beyazıt Square after the early Ottoman Bayezid II Mosque on one side. The s ...
. ** Göztepe railway station rebuilt. * 1916 **
Aviation Martyrs' Monument The Aviation Martyrs' Monument ( or formerly ''Tayyare Şehitleri Abidesi''), located in Fatih district of Istanbul, Turkey, is a memorial dedicated to the first soldiers of the Ottoman Airforce to be killed in flight accidents. In Turkey, one us ...
completed. **
Kandilli Anatolian High School for Girls Kandilli Anatolian High School for Girls () is a secondary educational institution located in the Kandilli neighborhood of Üsküdar district in Istanbul, Turkey. Known traditionally as ''Kandilli Kız Lisesi'', it is one of the oldest girls' hi ...
established. * 1917 – Darülelhan conservatory established. * 1918 ** 13 November:
Occupation of Constantinople The occupation of Istanbul () or occupation of Constantinople (12 November 1918 – 4 October 1923), the capital of the Ottoman Empire, by British, French, Italian, and Greek forces, took place in accordance with the Armistice of Mudros, w ...
by Allied forces begins, per
Armistice of Mudros The Armistice of Mudros () ended hostilities in the Middle Eastern theatre between Ottoman Turkey and the Allies of World War I. It was signed on 30 October 1918 by the Ottoman Minister of Marine Affairs Rauf Bey and British Admiral Somerset ...
. ** November:
Karakol society The Karakol society (), also known Guard Society, was a Turkish clandestine intelligence organization that fought on the side of the Turkish National Movement during the Turkish War of Independence. Formed in November 1918, it refused to merge its ...
founded against the occupation of Constantinople. * 1919 ** Sultanahmet demonstrations. **
Sultanahmet Jail Sultanahmet Jail (), a former prison in Istanbul, Turkey, is now the luxury Four Seasons Hotel at Sultanahmet. It is located in Sultanahmet neighborhood of Fatih district on the historical peninsula. History Built in 1918/1919, it was the fir ...
built. **
Eyüpspor Eyüpspor Kulübü, known as ikas Eyüpspor due to sponsorship reasons, is a Turkish professional association football, football club located in the Eyüpsultan district of Istanbul. Their colours are lavender and yellow. Their home ground is Eyü ...
founded. * 1920 – 5 March:
Green Crescent Green Crescent () is a non-profit organisation that fights smoking, alcohol, and other addictions such as drug use, and provides services and protection methods to all citizens, especially the young, affected by harmful habits. It was establishe ...
established. * 1921 ** 15 January: Kasımpaşa S.K. founded. **
Taksim Stadium Taksim Stadium () was the first football stadium in Istanbul, Turkey. Originally the 19th century Taksim Artillery Barracks ('' Taksim Topçu Kışlası'') it was transformed into a stadium in 1921 and was located next to today's Taksim Square. ...
established. ** Istanbul Men's Volleyball League established. * 1922 –
Tayyare Apartments The Tayyare Apartments (initially or later ) are a complex of four buildings designed by Turkish architect Mimar Kemaleddin, completed in 1922 and located in the old city of Istanbul, Turkey. The apartments were originally built as public housi ...
built. * 1923 ** 4 October: Allied occupation ends and the newly-formed
Republic of Turkey Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a relatively small part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the north; Georgia (country), Georgia, Armen ...
takes control. ** 13 October: Turkish capital relocated from Istanbul to
Ankara Ankara is the capital city of Turkey and List of national capitals by area, the largest capital by area in the world. Located in the Central Anatolia Region, central part of Anatolia, the city has a population of 5,290,822 in its urban center ( ...
. ** '' Vatan'' newspaper established. **
Istanbul Maltepespor İstanbul Maltepespor, often known as just Maltepespor, is a Turkish football club from the Istanbul district of Maltepe, Istanbul. They compete in the Turkish Regional Amateur League, the fifth level of the Turkish football league system T ...
founded. * 1924 ** 7 May: ''
Cumhuriyet ''Cumhuriyet'' (; English: "Republic") is the oldest up-market Turkish daily newspaper. It has been described as "the most important independent public interest newspaper in contemporary Turkey". The newspaper was awarded the ''Freedom of Press ...
'' newspaper established. ** 15 October:
Bakırköy Psychiatric Hospital Bakırköy Psychiatric Hospital, short for Bakırköy Mazhar Osman Mental Health and Neurological Diseases Education and Research Hospital (), is a mental health hospital of the Health Ministry located in Bakırköy district of Istanbul, Turkey. T ...
founded. **
Airport An airport is an aerodrome with extended facilities, mostly for commercial Aviation, air transport. They usually consist of a landing area, which comprises an aerially accessible open space including at least one operationally active surf ...
opened in
Yeşilköy (; meaning "Green Village"; prior to 1926, San Stefano or Santo Stefano , ) is an affluent neighbourhood () in the municipality and district of Bakırköy, Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its population is 25,039 (2022). on the Marmara Sea about ...
. **
Emek (movie theater) Grand Pera is a shopping center and entertainment complex consisting of two historic buildings, the Emek Movie Theater (), a cinema, and the Cercle de l'Orient building (originally Grand Club), designed by architects Abraham Pasha and Alexandre V ...
opened. * 1925 – 12 July: '' Apoyevmatini'' Greek-language newspaper founded. * 1926 ** 4 January:
İstanbulspor İstanbulspor Kulübü is a Turkish association football, football and sports club founded by Istanbul High School students in 1926. In 2004–05, they were relegated from the Turkish Süper Lig (Super League) to the TFF First League. For many d ...
founded. **
Istanbul 4th Vakıf Han The Istanbul 4th Vakıf Han is a historical large office building located in the Sirkeci neighbourhood of the Eminönü quarter within the Fatih district of Istanbul, Turkey. It is owned by the Foundations Administration (). Currently, it is use ...
built. **
Fatih Karagümrük S.K. Fatih Karagümrük Spor Kulübü, also called Karagümrük, is a Turkish professional Association football, football club based in the Karagümrük neighbourhood of the Fatih district in Istanbul. They currently play in the Süper Lig, the first ...
founded. * 1927 ** 6 March:
Süreyya Opera House Süreyya Opera House, also called Süreyya Cultural Center (), is an opera house, opera hall located at Gen. Asım Gündüz Avenue No: 29, in the Bahariye quarter of the Kadıköy district in Istanbul, Turkey. The building was designed by Armenian ...
opened. **
Istanbul Basketball League The Istanbul Basketball League ( Turkish: ''İstanbul Basketbol Ligi'') was a regional basketball league competition in Turkey, that was run by the Turkish Basketball Federation from 1926 to 1966. The league lost its first level status after the n ...
established. **
Feriköy S.K. Feriköy Spor Kulübü is a Turkish sports club established in Feriköy neighbourhood of Şişli, Istanbul in 1927. They were playing at Turkish National Football League from 1959 to 1968. They fell to the Amateur league for economic difficulties ...
founded. * 1928 ** Electric tram line begins operating on the Asian side. **
Paşakapısı Prison Paşakapısı Prison is a small prison located in Üsküdar district of Istanbul, Turkey. First built in 1799 on orders of the Ottoman sultan Selim III Selim III (; ; was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1789 to 1807. Regarded as an en ...
established. * 1929 –
Istanbul Medical Chamber The Istanbul Medical Chamber () is a medical association in Istanbul, Turkey Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a relatively small part called East Thrace in Southeast Eur ...
founded. * 1930 ** City renamed "Istanbul". **
Istanbul Shield The Istanbul Shield () was a association football, football tournament for Istanbul clubs in Turkey which was organised between 1930 and 1939. At the beginning it was decided that the club which would win the most titles during the nine-year span wo ...
established. * 1931 – Italian Synagogue established. * 1932 –
Fil Bridge The Fil Bridge (), also known as Silahtarağa Bridge () is a long, concrete bowstring bridge that crosses the Alibeyköy Creek in Istanbul, Turkey Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in ...
built. * 1933 ** 1 August:
Istanbul University Istanbul University, also known as University of Istanbul (), is a Public university, public research university located in Istanbul, Turkey. Founded by Mehmed II on May 30, 1453, a day after Fall of Constantinople, the conquest of Constantinop ...
established. ** October: Güneş S.K. founded. ** Istanbul Zoology Museum established. * 1934 – 26 September:
Haydarpaşa High School Haydarpaşa High School () is an Anatolian High School, Anatolian high school in Üsküdar district of Istanbul, Turkey established in 1934. History Founded by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk on September 26, 1934, the school initially operated as a boys' ...
established. * 1936 – ** Istanbul University Observatory established. ** Beşiktaş Atatürk Anadolu Lisesi high school founded. * 1938 – 10 November: Death of Atatürk. * 1940 ** 31 August: ''
Marmara (newspaper) ''Marmara'' () (sometimes "Nor Marmara" - New Marmara) is an Armenian-language daily newspaper published since August 31 1940 in Istanbul, Turkey Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West ...
'' Armenian-language newspaper begins publishing. **
Berlin–Baghdad railway The Baghdad railway, also known as the Berlin–Baghdad railway (, , , ), was started in 1903 to connect Berlin with the then Ottoman Empire, Ottoman city of Baghdad, from where the Germans wanted to establish a port on the Persian Gulf, wit ...
begins operating. **
Atatürk Bridge Atatürk Bridge () is a road bridge across the Golden Horn in Istanbul, Turkey. It is named after Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder and first President of the Republic of Turkey but is sometimes called the Unkapanı Bridge after the district on ...
built. **
Sarıyer S.K. Sarıyer Spor Kulübü is a Turkish sports club located in Sarıyer, Istanbul. The football team plays in the TFF 1. Lig, the second tier of Turkish football. Sarıyer won the Balkans Cup in 1991–92 Balkans Cup, 1991–92 season against Romania ...
founded. ** Taksim S.K. founded. ** Population: 789,346. * 1942 – ** VitrA (sanitaryware) company established. **
Istanbul Football Cup The Istanbul Football Cup () was a football competition for Istanbul clubs in Turkey. The cup replaced the Istanbul Shield in 1942 and lasted until 1947. The final match between Beşiktaş and Fenerbahçe was cancelled in 1947 It was the ...
established. * 1943 –
Taksim Gezi Park Gezi Park is an urban park next to Taksim Square, in Istanbul's Beyoğlu district (historically known as Pera). It is one of the last green spaces in Beyoğlu and one of the smallest parks of Istanbul. In May 2013, plans to replace the park with ...
built. * 1944 ** 22 February:
Ülker Ülker is a Turkish multinational food and beverage manufacturer based in Istanbul, Turkey. Its products are exported internationally, to 110 countries. Ülker's core products are biscuits, cookies, crackers, and chocolates, although it has ex ...
company established. ** Faculty of Arts and Sciences Building, Istanbul University built. **
Yıldız Holding Yıldız Holding is a Turkish conglomerate that is best known for manufacturing food products. The company also produces other consumer goods and has its own retail, private equity and real estate operations. Yıldız Holding is among the large ...
established. * 1945 ** Population: 860,558. **
Ali Sami Yen Stadium Ali Sami Yen Stadium () was the home of the football club Galatasaray in Istanbul, Turkey, from 1964 to 2010. It is named after the founder of the club, Ali Sami Yen. The stadium had a capacity of 23,477 (all-seater) and was situated in the Meci ...
built. **
Beyti (Istanbul) Beyti is a restaurant in Istanbul, Turkey specialising in roasted meat. It was founded in 1945 in Küçükçekmece and since 1983 has been situated in Florya. The establishment is owned by the restaurateur Beyti Güler and run by him together wit ...
restaurant founded. **
Aşiyan Museum Aşiyan Museum () is the house of famous Turkey, Turkish poet Tevfik Fikret (1867–1915) at Aşiyan neighborhood of Beşiktaş district in Istanbul. It was built in 1906 and later in 1945 converted to a museum. The museum is owned by the Istanbu ...
established. **
Yıldırım Bosna S.K. Yıldırım Bosna SK is a football club from the Bayrampaşa neighborhood of Istanbul. The club was founded by migrant Turkish citizens who had migrated from the Balkans to Istanbul. Its original name was Altınçam. It then took several names i ...
founded. * 1946 ** Cezmi Or Memorial established. ** Modaspor (basketball) founded. * 1947 ** 19 May:
İnönü Stadium İnönü may refer to. İnönü family * İsmet İnönü (1884–1973), President of Turkey from 1938 to 1950 * Mevhibe İnönü (1897–1992), First Lady of Turkey from 1938 to 1950 * Erdal İnönü (1926–2007), physicist and politician Plac ...
opens in
Beşiktaş Beşiktaş () is a district and municipality of Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its area is 18 km2 and its population is 175,190 (2022). It is located on the European shore of the Bosphorus strait. It is bordered on the north by Sarıyer and ...
. ** 9 August:
Cemil Topuzlu Open-Air Theatre The Cemil Topuzlu Open-Air Theatre (, also called simply ''Açıkhava Tiyatrosu'') is a contemporary amphitheatre located at Harbiye neighborhood of Şişli district in Istanbul, Turkey. It is situated across from the Istanbul Lütfi Kırdar C ...
opened. ** 29 October: ''
Şalom ''Şalom'' is a Jewish weekly newspaper published in Turkey. Its name is the Turkish spelling of the Hebrew word (''Shalom''). It was established on 29 October 1947 by the Turkish Jewish journalist Avram Leyon. It is printed in Istanbul an ...
'' begins publishing. * 1948 ** 1 May: ''
Hürriyet ''Hürriyet'' (, ''Liberty'') is a major List of newspapers in Turkey, Turkish newspaper, founded in 1948. it had the highest circulation of any newspaper in Turkey at around 319,000. ''Hürriyet'' combines entertainment with news coverage and ...
'' newspaper begins publishing. ** ''
Bütün Dünya ''Bütün Dünya'' (English: 'Whole World') is a monthly Turkish periodical. The magazine was published from 1948 to 1984 in a format similar to the American ''Reader's Digest''. After a long pause, it resumed publishing after 1998 by the Başke ...
'' periodical begins publishing. * 1949 ** 3 June: Istanbul Lütfi Kırdar International Convention and Exhibition Center opened. ** 18 August: Kartal S.K. founded. **
Şişli Mosque The Şişli Mosque () is a mosque located in Şişli Square between the Büyükdere Avenue, the Halaskargazi and Abide-i Hürriyet streets in the Şişli district of Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey. Due to lack of any mosque in Şişli, which got in ...
built. ** ''
İstanbul Istanbul is the largest city in Turkey, constituting the country's economic, cultural, and historical heart. With a population over , it is home to 18% of the population of Turkey. Istanbul is among the largest cities in Europe and in th ...
'' newspaper begins publishing. ** Bakırköyspor founded. * 1950 ** Population: 1,000,022. ** 3 May: Milliyet begins publishing. ** Hünkar (restaurant) established. ** Pendikspor founded. ** Paşabahçe S.K. founded. ** Alibeyköy S.K. founded. * 1951 ** 25 March: Neve Shalom Synagogue inaugurated. ** Ismet Baba Fish Restaurant established. * 1952 ** 9 March: ITU TV broadcast. First Turkish television broadcast. ** Türk Ticaret Bankası relocated to Istanbul. * 1953 ** 1 March: ITU School of Mines established. ** Tiled Kiosk opens as a museum. ** Zeytinburnuspor founded. * 1954 ** Arçelik company established. ** Alarko Holding company established. ** Migros Türk company established. ** İçmeler railway station opened. ** Akbank moves to Istanbul. ** Tuzlaspor founded. * 1955 ** 10 June: Hilton Istanbul Bosphorus opened. ** 6–7 September: Istanbul pogrom. ** 4 December: *** Cankurtaran railway station opened. *** Florya railway station opened. *** Kazlıçeşme railway station opened. *** Yenimahalle railway station opened. *** Zeytinburnu railway station opened. ** Beko company founded. ** Kadıköy Anadolu Lisesi founded. ** Adam Mickiewicz Museum, Istanbul founded. ** Küçükçekmece railway station rebuilt. ** Istanbul Women's Volleyball League established. * 1956 ** Divan Istanbul built. ** Demirören Group founded. ** Tekfen Construction and Installation founded. ** Tabanlıoğlu Architects founded. ** Yeşilyurt Women's Volleyball Team founded. * 1957 ** Enka İnşaat ve Sanayi A.Ş. company founded. ** Pudding Shop restaurant opened. * 1958 ** Birleşik Fon Bankası founded. ** Banks Association of Turkey founded. ** Küçük Emek cinema opens. * 1959 ** Beşiktaş Anadolu Lisesi founded. ** Sait Faik Abasıyanık Museum opened. ** Karaköy Pier opened. ** Güzelyalı railway station opened. ** Bayrampaşaspor founded. * 1960 ** Erler Film company founded. ** ''Ekonomist (Turkey), Ekonomist'' magazine founded. * 1961 ** March: ''Hürriyet Daily News'' founded. ** Yenibosna S.K. founded. * 1962 ** E.C.A. Elginkan Anadolu Lisesi founded. ** Telsiz ve Radyo Amatörleri Cemiyeti founded. * 1963 – Gaziosmanpaşaspor founded. * 1964 ** Askam (trucks) company founded. ** Harbiye Muhsin Ertuğrul Stage opens. * 1965 ** Population: 2,293,823 (Districts of Istanbul, districts of Princes' Islands, Adalar, Bakırköy,
Beşiktaş Beşiktaş () is a district and municipality of Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its area is 18 km2 and its population is 175,190 (2022). It is located on the European shore of the Bosphorus strait. It is bordered on the north by Sarıyer and ...
, Beykoz, Beyoğlu, Çatalca, Eyüp,
Fatih Fatih () is a municipality and district of Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its area is 15 km2, and its population is 368,227 (2022). It is home to almost all of the provincial authorities (including the mayor's office, police headquarters, metro ...
, Gaziosmanpaşa, Kadıköy, Kartal, Sarıyer, Silivri, Şile, Şişli, Üsküdar, Yalova, and Zeytinburnu). ** Yapı Merkezi company founded. * 1966 – İdealtepe railway station opened. * 1967 ** 15 June: Confederation of Progressive Trade Unions of Turkey holds first meeting. ** Kaynarca railway station opened. ** Moğollar established. * 1968 ** Yedikule Anadolu Lisesi founded. ** Küçükköyspor founded. * 1969 ** 17 January: Vehbi Koç Foundation established. ** 16 February: Bloody Sunday (1969). ** 12 April: Atatürk Cultural Center dedicated. ** Efes Beverage Group established. * 1970 ** Eyüboğlu High School founded. ** 22 April: ''Türkiye (newspaper), Türkiye'' newspaper begins publishing. * 1971 ** 2 November: Beyoğlu station re-opened after reconstruction. ** Turkish Industry and Business Association established. ** Turkish Society for Electron Microscopy established. * 1972 – Desa (company), Desa company established. * 1973 ** 12 January: ''Millî Gazete'' begins publishing. ** 19 April: Dostluk S.K. founded. ** Bosphorus Bridge built. ** Ömerli Dam built. ** 50th Anniversary of the Republic Sculptures erected. ** Istanbul International Music Festival begins. ** Istanbul Foundation for Culture and Arts established. * 1974 ** 10 September: Haliç Bridge opened. ** Derimod company founded. * 1975 ** 30 January: Turkish Airlines Flight 345 crash. ** Çukurova (construction firm) established. ** Istanbul Technical University Turkish Music State Conservatory founded. * 1976 ** Muhammad Maarifi Mosque built. ** Çamlıca TRT Television Tower built. ** Polin Waterparks company founded. * 1977 ** 1 May: Taksim Square massacre. * 1978 – December: ''Kadınca'' women's magazine begins publishing. * 1979 – Istanbul Marathon begins. * 1980 ** 14 October: Sadberk Hanım Museum opened. ** Cengiz Holding established. ** Bogazici University Sports Fest founded. * 1981 ** 2 March: ''Dünya (newspaper), Dünya'' founded. ** Koçbank founded. ** Can Yayınları publishing company founded. ** Metris Prison established. * 1982 ** 19 February: ''Güneş (newspaper), Güneş'' founded. ** International Istanbul Film Festival begins. ** Istanbul Book Fair inaugurated. ** Atatürk High School of Science, Istanbul established. ** World Trade Center Istanbul established. ** Timas Publishing Group established. ** İletişim Yayınları publishing company established. ** Kaynak Yayınları publishing company established. ** Malta Kiosk restored and re-opened. ** Ezginin Günlüğü band formed. * 1983 ** ITU Mustafa Inan Library opened. ** Enka SK founded. ** İstanbul Güngörenspor founded. * 1984 ** March: Hotel Yeşil Ev established. ** March 23: Municipality of Greater Istanbul established. ** Population: 2,951,000 (estimate). * 1986 – 6 September: Neve Shalom Synagogue massacre. Gunmen kill 22 Jews in an attack orchestrated by Palestinian militant Abu Nidal. * 1987 ** The Districts of Istanbul, districts of Büyükçekmece, Kağıthane, Küçükçekmece, Pendik and Ümraniye are created. ** 1 October: Galleria Ataköy opened. * 1988 ** 9 May: TGC Press Media Museum established. ** 3 July: Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge built. ** Koç School opened. * 1989 ** 3 September: Istanbul Metro begins operating. ** Kadıköy Haldun Taner Stage in use. * 1990 ** İstanbul Başakşehir F.K. established. ** The district of Bayrampaşa is created. * 1991 – Swissôtel The Bosphorus opened. * 1992 ** 1 March: Neve Shalom Synagogue bomb attack. No casualties or damage. ** The districts of Avcılar, Istanbul, Avcılar, Bağcılar, Bahçelievler, Güngören, Maltepe, Istanbul, Maltepe, Sultanbeyli, and Tuzla, Istanbul, Tuzla are created. ** 13 June: T1 (Istanbul Tram) line opened. ** Istanbul Hezarfen Airfield opened. * 1993 ** Sabancı Center built. ** International Defence Industry Fair established. ** Akbank Sanat opened. ** Koç University opened. ** 6–7 May: 2nd ECO Summit held. ** 18 December: Akmerkez opened. ** The district of Esenler is created. * 1994 ** 31 October: Istanbul Bilgi University established. ** December:
Galata Bridge The Galata Bridge (, ) is a bridge that spans the Golden Horn in Istanbul, Turkey. From the end of the 19th century in particular, the bridge has featured in Turkish literature, theater, poetry and novels. The current Galata Bridge is just the la ...
rebuilt. ** Esenler Coach Terminal built. ** Recep Tayyip Erdoğan becomes mayor of greater Istanbul. ** Population: 7,615,500 in city (approximate estimate). * 1995 ** 12–15 March: Gazi Quarter riots. ** The district of Yalova is separated from Istanbul Province and Yalova Province is created. * 1996 ** Habitat II, United Nations Conference on Human Settlements held. ** Üsküdar Belediyespor founded. * 1998 – Ahmet Cömert Sport Hall built. * 1999 ** 13–14 March: 1999 Istanbul bombings. ** 26 July – 1 August: 1999 European Aquatics Championships held. ** The 7.6 1999 İzmit earthquake, İzmit earthquake shakes northwestern Turkey with a maximum Mercalli intensity scale, Mercalli intensity of IX (''Violent''), leaving 17,118–17,127 dead and 43,953–50,000 injured in the region. ** Changa (restaurant) established.


21st century

* 2000 ** Population: 10,018,735. ** Tekstilkent Plaza built. ** 6 May: Istanbul Postal Museum established. ** 26 August: Isbank Tower 1 built. ** 16 September: M2 (Istanbul Metro) opened. * 2001 ** Istanbul Sabiha Gökçen International Airport opened. ** 21 September: Tepe Nautilus mall opened. * 2002 ** Tekfen Tower built. ** Endem TV Tower built. ** Sakıp Sabancı Museum opened. * 2003 ** Istanbul Pride begins. ** 2 May: Miniatürk opened. ** November: 2003 Istanbul bombings. ** Miniatürk park opens. * 2004 ** City boundaries become coterminous with those of Istanbul Province. ** Kadir Topbaş becomes mayor of Greater Istanbul. ** March 9, 2004 attack on Istanbul restaurant. ** 12 and 15 May: Eurovision Song Contest 2004 held. ** 28–29 June: City hosts 2004 Istanbul summit. ** 11 December: İstanbul Modern museum of art opened. * 2005 – April: Sabancı Performing Arts Center opens in Tuzla, Istanbul, Tuzla. * 2006 – 6 June: Kanyon Shopping Mall opened. * 2007 ** 19 January: Assassination of Hrant Dink. ** 29 April: Republic Protests, Republic Protest. ** 12 September: T4 (Istanbul Tram) opened. ** Şişli Plaza built. **
Süreyya Opera House Süreyya Opera House, also called Süreyya Cultural Center (), is an opera house, opera hall located at Gen. Asım Gündüz Avenue No: 29, in the Bahariye quarter of the Kadıköy district in Istanbul, Turkey. The building was designed by Armenian ...
in Kadıköy. * 2008 ** The Districts of Istanbul, districts of Arnavutköy (district), Arnavutköy, Ataşehir, Başakşehir, Beylikdüzü, Çekmeköy, Esenyurt, Sancaktepe, and Sultangazi are created. The district Eminönü is abolished and merged into
Fatih Fatih () is a municipality and district of Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its area is 15 km2, and its population is 368,227 (2022). It is home to almost all of the provincial authorities (including the mayor's office, police headquarters, metro ...
. ** 1 February: Istanbul fireworks explosion in Davutpaşa. ** 9 July: 2008 United States consulate in Istanbul attack. ** 21 July: 70 Million Steps Against Coups. ** 27 July: 2008 Istanbul bombings. ** Labour strike in Tuzla, Istanbul, Tuzla. * 2009 ** 7 May: Şakirin Mosque opened. ** 17 October: Istanbul Congress Center opened ** City List of districts of Istanbul, districts increased from 32 to 39. ** Istanbul Congress Center built. ** Depo art space founded. * 2010 ** 14 January: Harbiye Muhsin Ertuğrul Stage rebuilt. ** 28 August – 12 September: 2010 FIBA World Championship held. ** 31 October: 2010 Istanbul bombing. ** Baklahorani (carnival) revived. * 2011 ** 4 March: Istanbul Sapphire opened. ** 18 March: Istanbul Shopping Fest inaugurated. ** July: Istanbul Justice Palace built. ** 6 October: Ora Arena opened. * 2012 ** 26 February 2012 Istanbul rally to commemorate the Khojaly massacre held. ** 17 August: M4 (Istanbul Metro) line opened. ** Sancaklar Mosque built. ** MEF University opened. ** Forensic Science Institute of Turkey opened. ** The Museum of Innocence (museum), Museum of Innocence opens. ** Population: 13,854,740. * 2013 ** 28 May: Gezi Park protests begin in Taksim Square. ** 14 June: M3 (Istanbul Metro) line opened. ** 10 October: Zorlu Center opened. ** 29 October: *** Marmaray Tunnel phase of the Marmaray project opened for public use.Rails under the Bosporus
, ''Railway Gazette International'' 2009-02-23
*** Ayrılık Çeşmesi railway station opened. * 2014 ** 15 February: Golden Horn Metro Bridge opened. ** 1 September: Raffles Istanbul hotel opened. ** 29 November: Pope Francis visit to meet with Patriarch Bartholomew I and Muslim leaders. ** Sancaklar Mosque built in Büyükçekmece]

** Istanbul Half Marathon established. * 2015 ** 6 January: 2015 Istanbul suicide bombing. ** 17 March: 2015 SAH
Istanbul
Defence, Aviation and Space Clustering Association established. ** 19 April: M6 (Istanbul Metro) line opened. ** 26 May: Mehmet Çakır Cultural and Sports Center opened. ** 1 December: 2015 Istanbul metro bombing. ** 23 December: 2015 Sabiha Gökçen Airport bombing. * 2016 ** 12 January: January 2016 Istanbul bombing. ** 19 March: March 2016 Istanbul bombing. ** 11 April: Vodafone Park opened. ** 7 June: June 2016 Istanbul bombing. ** 28 June: 2016 Atatürk Airport attack, Istanbul Atatürk Airport attack. ** 15–16 July: 2016 Turkish coup d'état attempt. ** 20 August: Beykoz University established. ** 23 August: Özgürlükçü Demokrasi launched. ** 26 August: Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge opened. ** 6 October: October 2016 Istanbul bombing. ** 10 December: December 2016 Istanbul bombings. ** 22 December: Eurasia Tunnel opened. * 2017 ** 1 January: 2017 Istanbul nightclub shooting. ** 9 July: 2017 March for Justice. ** 29 October: F3 (Istanbul Metro) line opened. ** 15 December: M5 (Istanbul Metro) line opened. ** Population: 15,029,231 (estimate, urban agglomeration). * 2018 ** Saha Expo first held. ** 20–23 September: Teknofest Istanbul held. ** 29 October: Istanbul Airport opened. **Prince MBS of Saudi Arabia sends a group of government agents to murder prominent critic, Jamal Khashoggi. His death is just a few days before his sixtieth birthday. * 2019 ** Opposition candidate Ekrem İmamoğlu, Ekrem Imamoglu won the repeat June 2019 Istanbul mayoral election, race for Istanbul's mayor. *2022 ** 13 November: 2022 Istanbul bombing, an explosion on İstiklal Avenue in the Beyoğlu district left at least six people dead and 81 injured. *2024 ** 2024 Istanbul Palace of Justice attack: an armed attack on a police station took place near the Istanbul Justice Palace. ** Ekrem İmamoğlu was 2024 Istanbul mayoral election, reelected as Istanbul Mayor for a second term in 2024. *2025 ** 2025 Turkish protests: hundreds of thousands of pro-democracy demonstrators gathered in the streets of Istanbul.


See also

* History of Istanbul * List of mayors of Istanbul * List of sultans of the Ottoman Empire, 1450s–1920s * :City timelines, Timelines of other List of cities in Turkey, cities in Turkey: Timeline of Ankara, Ankara, Timeline of Bursa, Bursa, Timeline of İzmir, İzmir


References

''This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia and Turkish Wikipedia.''


Bibliography


Published in 18th–19th centuries

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * *


Published in 20th century

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *


Published in 21st century

* *''Europe's Muslim Capital'' by Philip Mansel in the June 2003 issue of ''History Today'' * * * * * * * * * *


External links

* Europeana
Items related to Istanbul
various dates. * * * {{Black Sea History of Istanbul, * Timelines of cities in Turkey, Istanbul Istanbul-related lists