A time pressure gauge is an instrument that digitally displays

pressure Pressure (symbol: ''p'' or ''P'') is the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed. Gauge pressure (also spelled ''gage'' pressure)The preferred spelling varies by country and eve ...

data divided into appropriate time intervals. While a

pressure gauge Pressure measurement is the measurement of an applied force by a fluid (liquid or gas) on a surface. Pressure is typically measured in units of force per unit of surface area. Many techniques have been developed for the measurement of press ...

indicates a general unit amount, only a time pressure gauge accounts for varying consumption and capacity in relation to time remaining.

Applications

Welders using

oxygen Oxygen is a chemical element; it has chemical symbol, symbol O and atomic number 8. It is a member of the chalcogen group (periodic table), group in the periodic table, a highly reactivity (chemistry), reactive nonmetal (chemistry), non ...

and

acetylene Acetylene (Chemical nomenclature, systematic name: ethyne) is a chemical compound with the formula and structure . It is a hydrocarbon and the simplest alkyne. This colorless gas is widely used as a fuel and a chemical building block. It is u ...

can plan more efficiently if they know the energy duration due to varying consumption in cutting techniques. A

nurse Nursing is a health care profession that "integrates the art and science of caring and focuses on the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and human functioning; prevention of illness and injury; facilitation of healing; and alle ...

concerned that a patient may run out of oxygen can monitor the workload more efficiently by knowing how much time is remaining rather that how much pressure is left. Scuba divers could determine the length of time they could remain submerged. A pilot could manage supplemental oxygen flow rates of an

aircraft An aircraft ( aircraft) is a vehicle that is able to flight, fly by gaining support from the Atmosphere of Earth, air. It counters the force of gravity by using either Buoyancy, static lift or the Lift (force), dynamic lift of an airfoil, or, i ...

to determine possible

altitudes Altitude is a distance measurement, usually in the vertical or "up" direction, between a reference datum and a point or object. The exact definition and reference datum varies according to the context (e.g., aviation, geometry, geographical s ...

for maximizing

fuel efficiency Fuel efficiency (or fuel economy) is a form of thermal efficiency, meaning the ratio of effort to result of a process that converts chemical energy, chemical potential energy contained in a carrier (fuel) into kinetic energy or Mechanical work, w ...

. Ultimately any activity that uses pressurized contents is applicable.

Safety

Using a time pressure gauge is also very valuable in dangerous scenarios. Imagine a

firefighter A firefighter (or fire fighter or fireman) is a first responder trained in specific emergency response such as firefighting, primarily to control and extinguish fires and respond to emergencies such as hazardous material incidents, medical in ...

inside of a burning building contemplating returning for oxygen or pressing further to the next room. He or she could understand both the time currently remaining, as well as time remaining if they altered their

breathing Breathing (spiration or ventilation) is the rhythmical process of moving air into ( inhalation) and out of ( exhalation) the lungs to facilitate gas exchange with the internal environment, mostly to flush out carbon dioxide and bring in oxy ...

pattern. A

pilot An aircraft pilot or aviator is a person who controls the flight of an aircraft by operating its Aircraft flight control system, directional flight controls. Some other aircrew, aircrew members, such as navigators or flight engineers, are al ...

could determine oxygen time remaining for descent in the event of a decompression. This information is highly important considering the multiple contingencies that arise in daily air travel (i.e. – consumption rates of oxygen per minute include multiple variables such as number of passengers and individual consumption rates).

Reducing carbon footprint

The use of a time pressure gauge provides for better planning with any instrument that emits

carbon Carbon () is a chemical element; it has chemical symbol, symbol C and atomic number 6. It is nonmetallic and tetravalence, tetravalent—meaning that its atoms are able to form up to four covalent bonds due to its valence shell exhibiting 4 ...

gas through varying consumption rates determined by pressurized contents. Efficiency is maximized by understanding energy requirements in time. One such example would be something as simple as a gas grill. Operation of a gas grill with all burners on can observe tangible results (time reduction) by turning the gas control to low or by shutting off one burner. Seeing the increase in time will automatically indicate an increase in

energy saving Energy conservation is the effort to reduce wasteful energy consumption by using fewer energy services. This can be done by using energy more effectively (using less and better sources of energy for continuous service) or changing one's behavi ...

. Most notably the time pressure gauge could reduce

carbon emissions Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from human activities intensify the greenhouse effect. This contributes to climate change. Carbon dioxide (), from burning fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum, oil, and natural gas, is the main cause of climate chan ...

in all air travel through increased

, while also reducing fuel cost. Furthermore, recently the airline industry is under pressure to reduce carbon emissions globally,7 and instruments such as the time pressure gauge could spearhead this movement.

Current software technology

Time pressure gauge technology is relatively new, and not fully in widespread use. However, the

software Software consists of computer programs that instruct the Execution (computing), execution of a computer. Software also includes design documents and specifications. The history of software is closely tied to the development of digital comput ...

technology it uses is more integrated. A comprehensive oxygen planning program developed b
Aeronautical Data Systems Inc.
for the airline industry exists and is in use with over 20 corporate flight departments.

References

{{reflist #

# Gormley, Mal. "Converting Oxygen into fuel."''Business & Commercial Aviation'' June 1993:48. # Mack, Bill. "Planning for Decompression." ''Professional Pilot'' Sept. 1992:50. # Stabile, Jim. "Managing an Oxygen Contingency, Part One." ''The Lec Times'' Nov/Dec 2006. # Stabile, Jim/ Mack, Bill "Breathing Aloft." ''Professional Pilot'' May 2014
SAE A-10 Document AIR5648

SAE A-10 Document ARD5912BBC News Online
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