''Thrixspermum'', commonly known as hairseeds
or 白点兰属 (bai dian lan shu),
is a
genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
of
flowering plant
Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (). The term angiosperm is derived from the Ancient Greek, Greek words (; 'container, vessel') and (; 'seed'), meaning that the seeds are enclosed with ...
s in the
family
Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...
Orchidaceae. Orchids in this genus are
epiphyte
An epiphyte is a plant or plant-like organism that grows on the surface of another plant and derives its moisture and nutrients from the air, rain, water (in marine environments) or from debris accumulating around it. The plants on which epiphyt ...
s,
lithophyte
Lithophytes are plants that grow in or on rocks. They can be classified as either epilithic (or epipetric) or endolithic; epilithic lithophytes grow on the surfaces of rocks, while endolithic lithophytes grow in the crevices of rocks (and are als ...
s or
terrestrial
Terrestrial refers to things related to land or the planet Earth, as opposed to extraterrestrial.
Terrestrial may also refer to:
* Terrestrial animal, an animal that lives on land opposed to living in water, or sometimes an animal that lives on o ...
plants with flat, leathery leaves and short-lived flowers with the
sepal
A sepal () is a part of the flower of angiosperms (flowering plants). Usually green, sepals typically function as protection for the flower in bud, and often as support for the petals when in bloom., p. 106
Etymology
The term ''sepalum'' ...
s and
petal
Petals are modified leaves that form an inner whorl surrounding the reproductive parts of flowers. They are often brightly coloured or unusually shaped to attract pollinators. All of the petals of a flower are collectively known as the ''corol ...
s more or less similar to each other. The
labellum is rigidly fixed to the
column
A column or pillar in architecture and structural engineering is a structural element that transmits, through compression, the weight of the structure above to other structural elements below. In other words, a column is a compression member ...
and has three lobes. The side lobes are erect and the middle lobe is thick and fleshy. There are about 190
species
A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), ...
distributed from
tropical
The tropics are the regions of Earth surrounding the equator, where the sun may shine directly overhead. This contrasts with the temperate or polar regions of Earth, where the Sun can never be directly overhead. This is because of Earth's ax ...
and
subtropical
The subtropical zones or subtropics are geographical zone, geographical and Köppen climate classification, climate zones immediately to the Northern Hemisphere, north and Southern Hemisphere, south of the tropics. Geographically part of the Ge ...
Asia
Asia ( , ) is the largest continent in the world by both land area and population. It covers an area of more than 44 million square kilometres, about 30% of Earth's total land area and 8% of Earth's total surface area. The continent, which ...
to the Western
Pacific
The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean, or, depending on the definition, to Antarctica in the south, and is bounded by the cont ...
. Most species grow in lowland or tropical
rainforest
Rainforests are forests characterized by a closed and continuous tree Canopy (biology), canopy, moisture-dependent vegetation, the presence of epiphytes and lianas and the absence of wildfire. Rainforests can be generally classified as tropi ...
s up to an altitude of 1,200 m.
Description
Orchids in the genus ''Thrixspermum'' are epiphytic or lithophytic, rarely terrestrial,
monopodial
Vascular plants with monopodial growth habits grow upward from a single point. They add leaves to the apex each year and the stem grows longer accordingly. The word ''Monopodial'' is derived from Greek language, Greek '', ''one'' and '', "foot", in ...
herbs
Herbs are a widely distributed and widespread group of plants, excluding vegetables, with savory or aromatic properties that are used for flavoring and garnish (food), garnishing food, for medicinal purposes, or for fragrances. Culinary use typi ...
with long thick roots, and flat, fleshy leaves arranged in two ranks with their bases sheathing the stem. The flowers are arranged on a pendulous or arching flowering stem arising from a leaf
axil
A leaf (: leaves) is a principal appendage of the stem of a vascular plant, usually borne laterally above ground and specialized for photosynthesis. Leaves are collectively called foliage, as in "autumn foliage", while the leaves, stem, fl ...
. The flowers are usually short-lived and often open for less than a day. The sepals are free from and more or less similar to each other. The petals are free from each other and similar to, but slightly shorter than the sepals. The labellum is stiffly attached to the column with a pouched base and three lobes, the side lobes erect, usually short and blunt and the middle lobe thick and fleshy. The fruit is a long, thin
capsule.
Taxonomy and naming
The genus ''Thrixspermum'' was first formally described in 1790 by
João de Loureiro
João de Loureiro (1717, Lisbon – 18 October 1791) was a Portuguese people, Portuguese Jesuit missionary and botanist.
Biography
After receiving admission to the Jesuit Order, João de Loureiro served as a missionary in Goa, capital of Port ...
in ''Flora Cochinchinensis''.
The name ''Thrixspermum'' is derived from the
Ancient Greek
Ancient Greek (, ; ) includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the classical antiquity, ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC. It is often roughly divided into the following periods: Mycenaean Greek (), Greek ...
words (), meaning "hair" and () meaning "seed".
[Backer, C.A. (1936). ''Verklarend woordenboek der wetenschappelijke namen van de in Nederland en Nederlandsch-Indië in het wild groeiende en in tuinen en parken gekweekte varens en hoogere planten'' (Edition Nicoline van der Sijs).]
Species
The following is a list of species of ''Thrixspermum'' recognised by the
Plants of the World Online
Plants of the World Online (POWO) is an online taxonomic database published by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
History
Following the Convention on Biological Diversity, the Royal Botanic Gardens in Kew launched Plants of the World Online i ...
as at January 2025:
* ''
Thrixspermum aberrans''
Schltr.
* ''
Thrixspermum acuminatissimum''
(Rchb. f.) Rchb.f.
**''Thrixspermum acuminatissimum'' subsp. ''acuminatissimum''
**''Thrixspermum acuminatissimum'' subsp. ''affine''
(Schltr.) P.O'Byrne & Gokusing
* ''
Thrixspermum acutilobum''
J.J.Sm.
* ''
Thrixspermum agamense''
J.J.Sm.
* ''
Thrixspermum agusanense''
Ames
* ''
Thrixspermum alabense''
J.J.Wood
* ''
Thrixspermum alboluteum
''Thrixspermum'', commonly known as hairseeds or 白点兰属 (bai dian lan shu), is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orchidaceae. Orchids in this genus are epiphytes, lithophytes or terrestrial plants with flat, leathery leaves and shor ...
''
Toolmal, Schuit. & Culham
* ''
Thrixspermum amesianum''
L.O.Williams
* ''
Thrixspermum amplexicaule''
(Blume) Rchb.f.
* ''
Thrixspermum anceps''
(Blume) Rchb.f.
* ''
Thrixspermum ancoriferum''
(Guillaumin) Garay
* ''
Thrixspermum angustatum''
L.O.Williams
* ''
Thrixspermum angustifolium''
(Blume) Rchb.f.
* ''
Thrixspermum anjunganense''
P.O'Byrne
* ''
Thrixspermum annamense''
(Guillaum.) Garay
* ''
Thrixspermum arachnitiforme''
Schltr.
* ''
Thrixspermum aurantiacum''
J.J.Sm.
* ''
Thrixspermum bellamabantae
''Thrixspermum'', commonly known as hairseeds or 白点兰属 (bai dian lan shu), is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orchidaceae. Orchids in this genus are epiphytes, lithophytes or terrestrial plants with flat, leathery leaves and shor ...
''
Cabactulan, Cootes & R.B.Pimentel
* ''
Thrixspermum benedictii
''Thrixspermum'', commonly known as hairseeds or 白点兰属 (bai dian lan shu), is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orchidaceae. Orchids in this genus are epiphytes, lithophytes or terrestrial plants with flat, leathery leaves and shor ...
''
P.O'Byrne
* ''
Thrixspermum bicolor''
P.O'Byrne, P.T.Ong & J.J.Verm.
* ''
Thrixspermum borneense''
(Rolfe) Ridl.
* ''
Thrixspermum bosuangii''
P.O'Byrne & Gokusing
* ''
Thrixspermum brevibracteatum''
J.J.Sm.
* ''
Thrixspermum brevicapsularis''
Holttum
* ''
Thrixspermum brevicaule''
Carr
* ''
Thrixspermum brevipes
''Thrixspermum'', commonly known as hairseeds or 白点兰属 (bai dian lan shu), is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orchidaceae. Orchids in this genus are epiphytes, lithophytes or terrestrial plants with flat, leathery leaves and shor ...
''
Schltr.
* ''
Thrixspermum breviscapum''
(Carr) Kocyan & Schuit.
* ''
Thrixspermum bromeliforme''
W.Suarez
* ''
Thrixspermum brunnescens''
(Ridl.) J.J.Sm.
* ''
Thrixspermum calceolus
''Thrixspermum calceolus'', commonly called the small shoe-carrying thrixspermum, is a species of orchid
Orchids are plants that belong to the family Orchidaceae (), a diverse and widespread group of flowering plants with blooms that are of ...
''
(Lindl.) Rchb.f.
* ''
Thrixspermum canaliculatum''
J.J.Sm.
* ''
Thrixspermum carinatifolium''
(Ridl.) Schltr.
* ''
Thrixspermum carnosum''
(K.Schum.) Schltr.
* ''
Thrixspermum caudatum''
P.O'Byrne & Gokusing
* ''
Thrixspermum celebicum''
Schltr.
* ''
Thrixspermum centipeda
''Thrixspermum centipeda'', commonly called the centipede thrixspermum, is a species of orchid widespread across southern China, the Himalayas, Indochina, Malaysia, Indonesia and the Philippines
The Philippines, officially the Republic of ...
''
Lour
* ''
Thrixspermum cerinum''
(Ridl.) J.J.Sm.
* ''
Thrixspermum chanianum''
P.O'Byrne & Gokusing
* ''
Thrixspermum clavatum''
(J.Koenig) Garay
* ''
Thrixspermum clavilobum''
J.J.Sm.
* ''
Thrixspermum complanatum''
(J.Koenig) Schltr.
* ''
Thrixspermum congestum''
(Bailey) Dockrill
* ''
Thrixspermum conigerum''
J.J.Sm.
* ''
Thrixspermum cootesii''
W.Suarez
* ''
Thrixspermum cordulatum''
J.J.Sm.
* ''
Thrixspermum corneri''
Holttum
* ''
Thrixspermum crassifolium''
Ridl.
* ''
Thrixspermum crassilabre''
(King & Pantl.) Ormerod
* ''
Thrixspermum crescentiforme
''Thrixspermum'', commonly known as hairseeds or 白点兰属 (bai dian lan shu), is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orchidaceae. Orchids in this genus are epiphytes, lithophytes or terrestrial plants with flat, leathery leaves and sho ...
''
Ames & C.Schweinf.
* ''
Thrixspermum cryptophallon''
P.O'Byrne & J.J.Verm.
* ''
Thrixspermum cymboglossum''
Schltr.
* ''
Thrixspermum denticulatum''
Schltr.
* ''
Thrixspermum doctersii''
J.J.Sm.
* ''
Thrixspermum duplocallosum''
Holttum
* ''
Thrixspermum elmeri''
L.O.Williams
* ''
Thrixspermum elongatum''
Ames
* ''
Thrixspermum erythrolomum
''Thrixspermum'', commonly known as hairseeds or 白点兰属 (bai dian lan shu), is a genus of flowering plants in the Family (biology), family Orchidaceae. Orchids in this genus are epiphytes, lithophytes or Terrestrial plant, terrestrial plant ...
''
P.O'Byrne & J.J.Verm.
* ''
Thrixspermum eximium''
L.O.Williams
* ''
Thrixspermum fantasticum''
L.O.Williams
* ''
Thrixspermum fernandeziae''
Cootes, Cabactulan & M.Leon
* ''
Thrixspermum filifolium''
Schltr.
* ''
Thrixspermum filiforme''
(Hook.f.) Kuntze
* ''
Thrixspermum fimbriatum''
(Ridl.) J.J.Wood
* ''
Thrixspermum flaccidum''
J.J.Sm.
* ''
Thrixspermum flammeum
''Thrixspermum'', commonly known as hairseeds or 白点兰属 (bai dian lan shu), is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orchidaceae. Orchids in this genus are epiphytes, lithophytes or terrestrial plants with flat, leathery leaves and shor ...
''
Toolmal, Schuit. & Culham
* ''
Thrixspermum fleuryi''
(Gagnep.) Tang & F.T.Wang
* ''
Thrixspermum formosanum''
(Hayata) Schltr.
* ''
Thrixspermum fragrans''
Ridl.
* ''
Thrixspermum fulgens''
(Ridl.) Schltr.
* ''
Thrixspermum fuscum''
(Ridl.) Merr.
* ''
Thrixspermum gombakense''
J.J.Sm.
* ''
Thrixspermum gracilicaule''
Schltr.
* ''
Thrixspermum graeffei''
Rchb.f.
* ''
Thrixspermum grandiflorum''
P.O'Byrne & J.J.Verm.
* ''
Thrixspermum hiepii''
Aver. & Averyanova
* ''
Thrixspermum hystrix''
(Blume) Rchb.f.
* ''
Thrixspermum incurvicalcar''
J.J.Sm.
* ''
Thrixspermum indicum''
Vik.Kumar, D.Verma & A.N.Rao
* ''
Thrixspermum indragiriense''
Schltr.
* ''
Thrixspermum inquinatum
''Thrixspermum'', commonly known as hairseeds or 白点兰属 (bai dian lan shu), is a genus of flowering plants in the Family (biology), family Orchidaceae. Orchids in this genus are epiphytes, lithophytes or Terrestrial plant, terrestrial plant ...
''
J.J.Sm.
* ''
Thrixspermum integrum''
L.O.Williams
* ''
Thrixspermum iodochilus''
Ridl.
* ''
Thrixspermum japonicum
''Thrixspermum japonicum'', known as East Asian thrixspermum, is a species of orchid native to Korea, south-central and southern Japan, and parts of China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hunan, Sichuan, Taiwan
Taiwan, officially the Republic ...
''
(Miq.) Rchb.f.
* ''
Thrixspermum javanicum''
J.J.Sm.
* ''
Thrixspermum kipandicum''
P.O'Byrne & Gokusing
* ''
Thrixspermum kjellbergii''
J.J.Sm.
* ''
Thrixspermum kocyanii''
J.J.Wood & A.L.Lamb
* ''
Thrixspermum lampongense''
J.J.Sm.
* ''
Thrixspermum lanatum''
P.O'Byrne & Gokusing
* ''
Thrixspermum latifolium''
J.J.Sm.
* ''
Thrixspermum latisaccatum''
J.J.Sm.
* ''
Thrixspermum lengguanianum''
P.T.Ong & P.O'Byrne
* ''
Thrixspermum leucorachne''
Ridl.
* ''
Thrixspermum ligulatum''
L.O.Williams
* ''
Thrixspermum linearifolium''
Ames
* ''
Thrixspermum lingiae''
P.O'Byrne & Gokusing
* ''
Thrixspermum linusii''
J.J.Wood & A.L.Lamb
* ''
Thrixspermum lombokense''
J.J.Sm.
* ''
Thrixspermum longicauda''
Ridl.
* ''
Thrixspermum longilobum''
J.J.Sm.
* ''
Thrixspermum longipedicellatum''
(Joongku Lee, T.B.Tran & R.K.Choudhary) Kocyan & Schuit.
* ''
Thrixspermum longipilosum''
J.J.Sm.
* ''
Thrixspermum loogemanianum
''Thrixspermum'', commonly known as hairseeds or 白点兰属 (bai dian lan shu), is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orchidaceae. Orchids in this genus are epiphytes, lithophytes or terrestrial plants with flat, leathery leaves and shor ...
''
Schltr.
* ''
Thrixspermum lucidum''
Schltr.
* ''
Thrixspermum luciferum''
P.O'Byrne & J.J.Verm.
* ''
Thrixspermum maculatum''
Schltr.
* ''
Thrixspermum majus''
(Carr) Kocyan & Schuit.
* ''
Thrixspermum malayanum''
J.J.Sm.
* ''
Thrixspermum megacarpum''
P.O'Byrne, A.L.Lamb & P.T.Ong
* ''
Thrixspermum merapohense''
P.O'Byrne & P.T.Ong
* ''
Thrixspermum mergitiferum''
P.O'Byrne & J.J.Verm.
* ''
Thrixspermum merguense''
(Hook.f .) Kuntze
* ''
Thrixspermum milneri''
P.O'Byrne & Gokusing)
* ''
Thrixspermum montanum''
Ridl.
* ''
Thrixspermum multicolor''
(Ridl.) Merr.
* ''
Thrixspermum neohibernicum
''Thrixspermum'', commonly known as hairseeds or 白点兰属 (bai dian lan shu), is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orchidaceae. Orchids in this genus are epiphytes, lithophytes or terrestrial plants with flat, leathery leaves and shor ...
''
Schltr.
* ''
Thrixspermum nicolasiorum
''Thrixspermum'', commonly known as hairseeds or 白点兰属 (bai dian lan shu), is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orchidaceae. Orchids in this genus are epiphytes, lithophytes or terrestrial plants with flat, leathery leaves and shor ...
''
Calaramo, Cootes & Naive
* ''
Thrixspermum obtusum''
(Blume) Rchb.f.)
* ''
Thrixspermum obyrneanum
''Thrixspermum'', commonly known as hairseeds or 白点兰属 (bai dian lan shu), is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orchidaceae. Orchids in this genus are epiphytes, lithophytes or terrestrial plants with flat, leathery leaves and shor ...
''
Toolmal, P.T.Ong & Schuit.
* ''
Thrixspermum ochraceum''
P.O'Byrne, P.T.Ong & J.J.Verm.
* ''
Thrixspermum odoratum''
X.Q.Song, Q.W.Meng & Y.B.Luo
* ''
Thrixspermum olidum''
P.O'Byrne
* ''
Thrixspermum oreadum
''Thrixspermum'', commonly known as hairseeds or 白点兰属 (bai dian lan shu), is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orchidaceae. Orchids in this genus are epiphytes, lithophytes or terrestrial plants with flat, leathery leaves and shor ...
''
Schltr.
* ''
Thrixspermum pachychilum''
P.O'Byrne & Gokusing
* ''
Thrixspermum pardale''
(Ridl.) Schltr.
* ''
Thrixspermum patens''
J.J.Sm.
* ''
Thrixspermum patkeiense
''Thrixspermum'', commonly known as hairseeds or 白点兰属 (bai dian lan shu), is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orchidaceae. Orchids in this genus are epiphytes, lithophytes or terrestrial plants with flat, leathery leaves and shor ...
''
K.Gogoi
* ''
Thrixspermum pauciflorum''
(Hook.f.) Kuntze
* ''
Thrixspermum pellicerae
''Thrixspermum'', commonly known as hairseeds or 白点兰属 (bai dian lan shu), is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orchidaceae. Orchids in this genus are epiphytes, lithophytes or terrestrial plants with flat, leathery leaves and shor ...
''
Cootes, Cabactulan, R.B.Pimentel & M.Leon
* ''
Thrixspermum pensile''
Schltr.
* ''
Thrixspermum pinocchio''
P.O'Byrne & J.J.Verm.
* ''
Thrixspermum platycaule''
Holttum
* ''
Thrixspermum platystachys''
(F.M. Bailey) Schltr.
* ''
Thrixspermum poilanei''
(Gagnep.) Tang & F.T.Wang
* ''
Thrixspermum polystictum
''Thrixspermum'', commonly known as hairseeds or 白点兰属 (bai dian lan shu), is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orchidaceae. Orchids in this genus are epiphytes, lithophytes or terrestrial plants with flat, leathery leaves and shor ...
''
Toolmal, Schuit., & Suddee
* ''
Thrixspermum ponapense''
Tuyama
* ''
Thrixspermum praetermissum
''Thrixspermum'', commonly known as hairseeds or 白点兰属 (bai dian lan shu), is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orchidaceae. Orchids in this genus are epiphytes, lithophytes or terrestrial plants with flat, leathery leaves and shor ...
''
Toolmal, Schuit., & Suddee
* ''
Thrixspermum psiloglottis''
(Ridl.) Schltr.
* ''
Thrixspermum pugionifolium''
(Hook.f.) Schltr.
* ''
Thrixspermum pulchellum''
(Thwaites) Schltr.
* ''
Thrixspermum pulchrum''
Carr
* ''
Thrixspermum pulverulentum''
(Carr) Kocyan & Schuit.
* ''
Thrixspermum punctatum''
(Ridl.) J.J.Sm.
* ''
Thrixspermum purpurascens''
Rchb. f.
* ''
Thrixspermum pusillum''
(Guillaumin) Garay
* ''
Thrixspermum pygmaeum''
(King & Pantl.) Holttum
* ''
Thrixspermum quinquelobum''
Ames
* ''
Thrixspermum raciborskii
''Thrixspermum'', commonly known as hairseeds or 白点兰属 (bai dian lan shu), is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orchidaceae. Orchids in this genus are epiphytes, lithophytes or terrestrial plants with flat, leathery leaves and shor ...
''
J.J.Sm
** ''Thrixspermum raciborskii'' subsp. ''brevipollinium''
P.O'Byrne & Ent
** ''Thrixspermum raciborskii'' subsp. ''raciborskii''
* ''
Thrixspermum recurvum''
(Hook.f.) Kuntze
* ''
Thrixspermum remotiflorum''
J.J.Sm.
* ''
Thrixspermum rimauense''
J.J.Wood & A.L.Lamb
* ''
Thrixspermum rimiae''
P.O'Byrne & Ent
* ''
Thrixspermum robinsonii''
Ames
* ''
Thrixspermum roseum''
J.J.Sm.
* ''
Thrixspermum rostratum''
Ames
* ''
Thrixspermum rubrocalcaratum''
P.O'Byrne & Gokusing
* ''
Thrixspermum saccatum''
P.O'Byrne & J.J.Verm.
* ''
Thrixspermum sagoense''
J.J.Sm.
* ''
Thrixspermum samarindae''
Schltr.
* ''
Thrixspermum sarawakense''
Ames
* ''
Thrixspermum sarcophyllum
''Thrixspermum'', commonly known as hairseeds or 白点兰属 (bai dian lan shu), is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orchidaceae. Orchids in this genus are epiphytes, lithophytes or terrestrial plants with flat, leathery leaves and shor ...
''
Garay
* ''
Thrixspermum saruwatarii
''Thrixspermum saruwatarii'' is a species of orchid native central and southern Taiwan.
References
External links
*
*
Thrixspermum, saruwatarii
Orchids of Taiwan
{{Vandeae-stub ...
''
(Hayata) Schltr.
* ''
Thrixspermum scandens''
P.O'Byrne
* ''
Thrixspermum scopa''
(Rchb.f. ex Hook.f.) Holttum
* ''
Thrixspermum scortechinii''
(Hook.f.) Kuntze
* ''
Thrixspermum semiteretifolium''
J.J.Wood & A.L.Lamb
* ''
Thrixspermum simile
''Thrixspermum'', commonly known as hairseeds or 白点兰属 (bai dian lan shu), is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orchidaceae. Orchids in this genus are epiphytes, lithophytes or terrestrial plants with flat, leathery leaves and shor ...
''
Tollmal, Schuit. & Utteridge
* ''
Thrixspermum simum''
J.J.Sm.
* ''
Thrixspermum squarrosum''
J.J.Sm.
* ''
Thrixspermum stelidioides''
Aver. & Averyanova
* ''
Thrixspermum subteres''
J.J.Sm.
* ''
Thrixspermum subulatum''
(Blume) Rchb.f.
* ''
Thrixspermum sumatranum''
J.J.Sm.
* ''
Thrixspermum sutepense''
(Rolfe ex Downie) Tang & F.T.Wang
* ''
Thrixspermum taeniophyllum
''Thrixspermum'', commonly known as hairseeds or 白点兰属 (bai dian lan shu), is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orchidaceae. Orchids in this genus are epiphytes, lithophytes or terrestrial plants with flat, leathery leaves and shor ...
''
Jun Y.Zhang, H.He & Yue H.Cheng
* ''
Thrixspermum tahanense''
Carr
* ''
Thrixspermum taianum''
P.O'Byrne & P.T.Ong
* ''
Thrixspermum tenuicalcar''
Carr
* ''
Thrixspermum teretifolium''
P.O'Byrne & J.J.Verm.
* ''
Thrixspermum torajaense''
P.O'Byrne
* ''
Thrixspermum tortum''
J.J.Sm.
* ''
Thrixspermum triangulare
''Thrixspermum'', commonly known as hairseeds or 白点兰属 (bai dian lan shu), is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orchidaceae. Orchids in this genus are epiphytes, lithophytes or terrestrial plants with flat, leathery leaves and shor ...
''
Ames & C.Schweinf.
* ''
Thrixspermum trichoglottis''
(Hook.f.)Kuntze
* ''
Thrixspermum tsii''
W.H.Chen & Y.M.Shui
* ''
Thrixspermum tubulatum''
P.O'Byrne
* ''
Thrixspermum tylophorum''
Schltr.
* ''
Thrixspermum validum''
J.J.Sm.
* ''
Thrixspermum vanoverberghii''
Ames
* ''
Thrixspermum ventricosum''
J.J.Wood & A.L.Lamb
* ''
Thrixspermum walkeri''
Seidenf. & P.Ormerod
* ''
Thrixspermum warianum''
Schltr.
* ''
Thrixspermum weberi''
Ames
* ''
Thrixspermum wenzelii''
Ames
* ''
Thrixspermum westenenkii''
(J.J.Sm.) Kocyan & Schuit.
* ''
Thrixspermum williamsianum''
(Kores) Ormerod
* ''
Thrixspermum xantholeucum''
Schltr.
* ''
Thrixspermum xantholomum''
P.O'Byrne & J.J.Verm.
Distribution
Orchids in the genus ''Thrixspermum'' are found in
China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. With population of China, a population exceeding 1.4 billion, it is the list of countries by population (United Nations), second-most populous country after ...
,
Japan
Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean off the northeast coast of the Asia, Asian mainland, it is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan and extends from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea ...
(including the
Ryukyu Islands
The , also known as the or the , are a chain of Japanese islands that stretch southwest from Kyushu to Geography of Taiwan, Taiwan: the Ryukyu Islands are divided into the Satsunan Islands (Ōsumi Islands, Ōsumi, Tokara Islands, Tokara and A ...
),
Korea
Korea is a peninsular region in East Asia consisting of the Korean Peninsula, Jeju Island, and smaller islands. Since the end of World War II in 1945, it has been politically Division of Korea, divided at or near the 38th parallel north, 3 ...
,
Taiwan
Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia. The main geography of Taiwan, island of Taiwan, also known as ''Formosa'', lies between the East China Sea, East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocea ...
,
India
India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area; the List of countries by population (United Nations), most populous country since ...
(including the
Andaman
Andaman may refer to:
* Andaman Islands, an island group in the Bay of Bengal
* Andaman Island, Penang, an artificial island in George Town, Penang
* Andaman Sea, a sea of the eastern Indian Ocean
* ''Andaman'' (1998 film), an Indian Kannada-lang ...
and
Nicobar Islands
The Nicobar Islands are an archipelago, archipelagic island chain in the eastern Indian Ocean. They are located in Southeast Asia, northwest of Aceh on Sumatra, and separated from Thailand to the east by the Andaman Sea. Located southeast of t ...
),
Bangladesh
Bangladesh, officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by population, eighth-most populous country in the world and among the List of countries and dependencies by ...
,
Nepal
Nepal, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, is a landlocked country in South Asia. It is mainly situated in the Himalayas, but also includes parts of the Indo-Gangetic Plain. It borders the Tibet Autonomous Region of China Ch ...
,
Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, also known historically as Ceylon, is an island country in South Asia. It lies in the Indian Ocean, southwest of the Bay of Bengal, separated from the Indian subcontinent, ...
,
Cambodia
Cambodia, officially the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a country in Southeast Asia on the Mainland Southeast Asia, Indochinese Peninsula. It is bordered by Thailand to the northwest, Laos to the north, and Vietnam to the east, and has a coastline ...
,
Laos
Laos, officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic (LPDR), is the only landlocked country in Southeast Asia. It is bordered by Myanmar and China to the northwest, Vietnam to the east, Cambodia to the southeast, and Thailand to the west and ...
,
Myanmar
Myanmar, officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar; and also referred to as Burma (the official English name until 1989), is a country in northwest Southeast Asia. It is the largest country by area in Mainland Southeast Asia and has ...
,
Thailand
Thailand, officially the Kingdom of Thailand and historically known as Siam (the official name until 1939), is a country in Southeast Asia on the Mainland Southeast Asia, Indochinese Peninsula. With a population of almost 66 million, it spa ...
,
Vietnam
Vietnam, officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (SRV), is a country at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of about and a population of over 100 million, making it the world's List of countries and depende ...
,
Borneo
Borneo () is the List of islands by area, third-largest island in the world, with an area of , and population of 23,053,723 (2020 national censuses). Situated at the geographic centre of Maritime Southeast Asia, it is one of the Greater Sunda ...
,
Indonesia
Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian Ocean, Indian and Pacific Ocean, Pacific oceans. Comprising over List of islands of Indonesia, 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, ...
,
Malaysia
Malaysia is a country in Southeast Asia. Featuring the Tanjung Piai, southernmost point of continental Eurasia, it is a federation, federal constitutional monarchy consisting of States and federal territories of Malaysia, 13 states and thre ...
, the
Philippines
The Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is an Archipelagic state, archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. Located in the western Pacific Ocean, it consists of List of islands of the Philippines, 7,641 islands, with a tot ...
,
New Guinea
New Guinea (; Hiri Motu: ''Niu Gini''; , fossilized , also known as Papua or historically ) is the List of islands by area, world's second-largest island, with an area of . Located in Melanesia in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, the island is ...
, the
Solomon Islands
Solomon Islands, also known simply as the Solomons,John Prados, ''Islands of Destiny'', Dutton Caliber, 2012, p,20 and passim is an island country consisting of six major islands and over 1000 smaller islands in Melanesia, part of Oceania, t ...
, northern
Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mainland Australia, the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and list of islands of Australia, numerous smaller isl ...
(including
Christmas Island
Christmas Island, officially the Territory of Christmas Island, is an States and territories of Australia#External territories, Australian external territory in the Indian Ocean comprising the island of the same name. It is about south o ...
),
Fiji
Fiji, officially the Republic of Fiji, is an island country in Melanesia, part of Oceania in the South Pacific Ocean. It lies about north-northeast of New Zealand. Fiji consists of an archipelago of more than 330 islands—of which about ...
,
New Caledonia
New Caledonia ( ; ) is a group of islands in the southwest Pacific Ocean, southwest of Vanuatu and east of Australia. Located from Metropolitan France, it forms a Overseas France#Sui generis collectivity, ''sui generis'' collectivity of t ...
,
Samoa
Samoa, officially the Independent State of Samoa and known until 1997 as Western Samoa, is an island country in Polynesia, part of Oceania, in the South Pacific Ocean. It consists of two main islands (Savai'i and Upolu), two smaller, inhabited ...
,
Vanuatu
Vanuatu ( or ; ), officially the Republic of Vanuatu (; ), is an island country in Melanesia located in the South Pacific Ocean. The archipelago, which is of volcanic origin, is east of northern Australia, northeast of New Caledonia, east o ...
and the
Caroline Islands
The Caroline Islands (or the Carolines) are a widely scattered archipelago of tiny islands in the western Pacific Ocean, to the north of New Guinea. Politically, they are divided between the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) in the cen ...
. About fourteen species, two of which are
endemic
Endemism is the state of a species being found only in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also foun ...
occur in China, nine are found in Taiwan and three in Australia.
References
*
{{Taxonbar, from=Q3238488
Vandeae genera
Epiphytic orchids