The Chemical Society was a

scientific society A learned society ( ; also scholarly, intellectual, or academic society) is an organization that exists to promote an academic discipline, profession, or a group of related disciplines such as the arts and sciences. Membership may be open to a ...

formed in 1841 (then named the Chemical Society of London) by 77 scientists as a result of increased interest in scientific matters. Chemist Robert Warington was the driving force behind its creation.

The London Chemical Society 1824

The early days of the 1824 Chemical Society came with a rough start. Among the artisan class, the magazine ''The Chemist'', written by John Knight and Henry Lacey, had started to get some traction. Some argue that they falsely mentioned that the 1824 Chemical Society was attempting to gather an educated upper and middle-class group of chemists and philosophers. Because of this, the writers of ''The Chemist'' maintained a very practical and anti-theoretical bias, as they had lashed out at the time wasted by academic chemists researching atomic weight distributions. To find a means of how this society should be better set up and run, correspondents and proponents of ''The Chemist'' advised that membership in The Chemical Society be limited to 20, pay a subscription fee, and cast ballots as to how they are to run the society. The thought was that the society would adopt a more experimental system as opposed to the previously disliked theoretical system. In doing so, members would give a lecture, and illustrative of the experiments they performed. Later, the official launch of the "London Chemistry Society" started with the new promise of "the study of chemistry and all its branches", with ''The Chemist'' working along-side them. Despite its founding in 1824, it is doubtful that the Chemical Society made it into 1825. The Chemical Society of London, however, would eventually be founded under Robert Warington and had much more success than its predecessor.

History

One of the aims of the Chemical Society was to hold meetings for "the communication and discussion of discoveries and observations, an account of which shall be published by the Society". In 1847, its importance was recognized by a

Royal Charter A royal charter is a formal grant issued by a monarch under royal prerogative as letters patent. Historically, they have been used to promulgate public laws, the most famous example being the English Magna Carta (great charter) of 1215, but ...

, which added to its role in the advancement of science, the development of chemical applications in industry. Only a decade after the creation of the Chemical Society of London, the society faced financial difficulties. Its survival was only possible through a merge with the Government School of Mines, now known as the Royal School of Mines, in 1853. One of the major issues was that most Chemical Society members were in London. In contrast, most industries were located farther north, with South Lancashire becoming one of the most important parts of the British chemical industry, overshadowing the Chemical Society's work. The reason why the Chemical Society worked with the Government School of Mines is because they did extensive work with mines as well. The Chemical Society's work with mines focused on testing and sampling gases. Dr. Graham worked at Newcastle Coal Mines examining "light carbureted gas"(methane). This work was crucial as mining safety concerns grew, especially after the Felling Colliery Disaster, which led to the founding of the Society for the Prevention of Accidents in Coal Mines in 1813. August W Hofmann

Although the Chemical Society often did not work with some larger chemical industries, smaller London industries offered collaboration opportunities. This included photography, which required fine chemicals for development, natural dyes, and drugs. August Wilhelm Hofmann, a prominent member, conducted groundbreaking research on coal tar products for two decades. Hofmann's work transformed coal tar from a waste material into a valuable resource for creating vibrant dyes, establishing a new industrial sector. Hofmann's work transformed coal tar from a waste material into a valuable resource for creating vibrant dyes, establishing a new industrial sector. His contributions led to his election as president of the Chemical Society in 1861. Now because of the "marriage of science and industry heralded the creation of London's Royal College of Chemistry," lead to the increasing role of the Chemistry Society in London's Chemical industry. Membership was open to all those interested in chemistry, but fellowship was restricted to men only. The Chemical Society of London succeeded where a number of previous chemical associations - the

Lunar Society The Lunar Society of Birmingham was a British dinner club and informal learned society of prominent figures in the Midlands Enlightenment, including industrialists, natural philosophy, natural philosophers and intellectuals, who met regularly b ...

's London branch chemical society of the 1780s, the Animal Chemical Club of 1805, the London Chemical Society of 1824 - failed. Many of these societies mentioned built the basis on which the Chemical Society of London was founded. One assertion of a cause of success of the Chemical Society of London is that it was, unlike its forerunners, a "fruitful amalgamation of the technological and academic chemist". Robert Warington had an upbringing in chemistry that ultimately led to the creation of the Chemical Society of London (in 1841). Warington had started making a name for himself in the chemistry world, having close ties with

Liebig Justus ''Freiherr'' von Liebig (12 May 1803 – 18 April 1873) was a Germans, German scientist who made major contributions to the theory, practice, and pedagogy of chemistry, as well as to agricultural and biology, biological chemistry; he is ...

and

Faraday Michael Faraday (; 22 September 1791 – 25 August 1867) was an English chemist and physicist who contributed to the study of electrochemistry and electromagnetism. His main discoveries include the principles underlying electromagnetic inducti ...

. Using this, after working for 7 years in a brewery, he departed 2 years later, during which, he began paving the way for the founding of a Chemical Society in London. Utilizing connections he had made throughout his professional career he reached out to numerous chemists to create the first meeting of the official Chemical Society of London (March 30, 1841). By this meeting, they had acquired seventy-seven men as new fellows. One of the men from the Chemical Society of 1824, George Smith, was also a member of this 1841 society. Their numbers would grow to over one hundred by the year 1867. The society used its scholarly background to display its reputation and stature and grow its connections to elevate itself and its members. Its activities expanded over the years, including eventually becoming a major publisher in the field of chemistry. On May 15, 1980, it amalgamated with the

Royal Institute of Chemistry The Royal Institute of Chemistry was a British scientific organisation. Founded in 1877 as the Institute of Chemistry of Great Britain and Ireland (ICGBI), its role was to focus on qualifications and the professional status of chemists, and its ai ...

, the

Faraday Society The Faraday Society was a British society for the study of physical chemistry, founded in 1903 and named in honour of Michael Faraday. In 1980, it merged with several similar organisations, including the Chemical Society, the Royal Institute of Che ...

, and the Society for Analytical Chemistry to become the

Royal Society of Chemistry The Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) is a learned society and professional association in the United Kingdom with the goal of "advancing the chemistry, chemical sciences". It was formed in 1980 from the amalgamation of the Chemical Society, the ...

. The Chemical Society also was expanding far before this as Roberts and Simmons wrote about British Chemical Societies, "Throughout the first half of the twentieth century, of those who worked outside the UK, more than half worked in Europe, the United States, or a range of other countries outwith the British Empire."

Women in The Chemical Society

After a proposal in 1880 questioning women's membership in The Chemical Society, it was decided that any women present in the Chemical Society were only guests as the Presidential address from Birkbeck revealed that women were not eligible for membership. This is something that would hold true until 1920. That, however, was not the only time this topic would be brought up as a similar proposal was brought up and rejected in 1888. Much of the reasoning behind the rejection of these proposals has to do with Henry Armstrong stating, "for fear of sacrificing their womanhood; they are those who should be regarded as chosen people, as destined to be the mothers of future chemists of ability." In 1904, Edith Humphrey, thought to be the first British woman to gain a doctorate in chemistry (at the

University of Zurich The University of Zurich (UZH, ) is a public university, public research university in Zurich, Switzerland. It is the largest university in Switzerland, with its 28,000 enrolled students. It was founded in 1833 from the existing colleges of the ...

), was one of nineteen women chemists to petition the Chemical Society for admission of women to fellowship (largely inspired after the admission of

Marie Curie Maria Salomea Skłodowska-Curie (; ; 7 November 1867 – 4 July 1934), known simply as Marie Curie ( ; ), was a Polish and naturalised-French physicist and chemist who conducted pioneering research on radioactivity. She was List of female ...

as a foreign fellow). This was eventually granted in 1919, and Humphrey was subsequently elected to fellowship. This, however, was not the first attempt for women to enter The Chemical Society. In 1892, a woman (either

Emily Lloyd Emily Alice Lloyd-Pack (born 29 September 1970), known as Emily Lloyd, is a British actress. At the age of 16, she starred in her debut and breakthrough role in the 1987 film ''Wish You Were Here'', for which she received critical acclaim and ...

or Lucy Boole) had tried. With that, William Ramsey emerged as a supporter within the society for the admission of women into The Chemical Society.

Presidents

Thomas Graham Thomas Graham may refer to: Politicians and diplomats *Thomas Graham, 1st Baron Lynedoch (1748–1843), British politician and soldier * Thomas Graham Jr. (diplomat) (born 1933), nuclear expert and senior U.S. diplomat *Sir Thomas Graham (barriste ...

: 1841–1843 *

Arthur Aikin Arthur Aikin (19 May 177315 April 1854) was an English chemist, mineralogist and scientific writer, and was a founding member of the Chemical Society (now the Royal Society of Chemistry). He first became its treasurer in 1841, and later became ...

: 1843–1845 *

: 1845–1847 *

William Thomas Brande William Thomas Brande FRS FRSE (11 January 178811 February 1866) was an English chemist. Biography Brande was born in Arlington Street, London, England, the youngest son of six children to Augustus Everard Brande an apothecary, originally fro ...

: 1847–1849 * Richard Phillips: 1849–1851 *

Charles Daubeny Charles Giles Bridle Daubeny (11 February 179512 December 1867) was an English chemist, botanist and geologist. Education Daubeny was born at Stratton near Cirencester in Gloucestershire, the son of the Rev. James Daubeny. He went to Winchest ...

: 1851–1853 * Colonel Philip Yorke: 1853–1855 *

William Allen Miller William Allen Miller FRS (17 December 1817 – 30 September 1870) was a British scientist. Life Miller was born in Ipswich, Suffolk and educated at Ackworth School and King's College London. He was related to William Allen and first cousi ...

: 1855–1857 * Sir

Lyon Playfair Lyon Playfair, 1st Baron Playfair (1 May 1818 – 29 May 1898) was a British scientist and Liberal politician who was Postmaster-General from 1873 to 1874. Early life Playfair was born at Chunar, Bengal, the son of George Playfair (1781–1 ...

: 1857–1859 * Sir Benjamin Brodie: 1859–1861 *

August Wilhelm von Hofmann August Wilhelm von Hofmann (8 April 18185 May 1892) was a German chemist who made considerable contributions to organic chemistry. His research on aniline helped lay the basis of the aniline-dye industry, and his research on coal tar laid the g ...

: 1861–1863 *

Alexander William Williamson Alexander William Williamson Fellow of the Royal Society, FRS FRSE Chemical Society, PCS MRIA (1 May 18246 May 1904) was an English chemist. He is best known today for the Williamson ether synthesis. Life Williamson was born in 1824 in Wands ...

: 1863–1865 *

: 1865–1867 * Warren de la Rue: 1867–1869 *

: 1869–1871 * Sir

Edward Frankland Sir Edward Frankland, (18 January 18259 August 1899) was an English chemist. He was one of the originators of organometallic chemistry and introduced the concept of combining power or valence. An expert in water quality and analysis, he was ...

: 1871–1873 *

William Odling William Odling, FRS (5 September 1829 in Southwark, London – 17 February 1921 in Oxford) was an English chemist who contributed to the development of the periodic table.Carmen J. Giunta, Vera V. Mainz, and Julianna Poole-Sawyer (2020), "Period ...

: 1873–1875 * Sir Frederick Augustus Abel: 1875–1877 *

John Hall Gladstone John Hall Gladstone FRS (7 March 1827 – 6 October 1902) was a British chemist. He served as President of the Physical Society between 1874 and 1876 and during 1877–1879 was President of the Chemical Society. Apart from chemistry, where o ...

: 1877–1878 * Warren de la Rue: 1879–1880 * Sir

Henry Enfield Roscoe Sir Henry Enfield Roscoe (7 January 1833 – 18 December 1915) was a British chemist. He is particularly noted for early work on vanadium, photochemical studies, and his assistance in creating Oxo, in its earlier liquid form. Life and work ...

: 1880–1882 * Sir

Joseph Henry Gilbert Sir Joseph Henry Gilbert (1 August 1817 – 23 December 1901) was an English chemist, noteworthy for his long career spent improving the methods of practical agriculture. Along with J.B. Lawes, he conducted experiments at Rothamstead for forty ...

: 1882–1883 *

William Henry Perkin Sir William Henry Perkin (12 March 1838 – 14 July 1907) was a British chemist and entrepreneur best known for his serendipitous discovery of the first commercial synthetic organic dye, mauveine, made from aniline. Though he failed in trying ...

: 1883–1885 *

Hugo Müller Hugo Müller (29 July 1833 – 23 May 1915) was an Anglo-German analytical chemist, botanist and industrialist. He was a Fellow of the Royal Society. He is known for being the first person to synthesize hexachlorobenzene. Early life Hugo Mül ...

: 1885–1887 * Sir

William Crookes Sir William Crookes (; 17 June 1832 – 4 April 1919) was an English chemist and physicist who attended the Royal College of Chemistry, now part of Imperial College London, and worked on spectroscopy. He was a pioneer of vacuum tubes, inventing ...

: 1887–1889 * William James Russell: 1889–1891 *

Alexander Crum Brown Alexander Crum Brown Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, FRSE Fellow of the Royal Society, FRS (26 March 1838 – 28 October 1922) was a Scottish Organic chemistry, organic chemist. Alexander Crum Brown Road in Edinburgh's King's Buildi ...

: 1891–1893 *

Henry Edward Armstrong Henry Edward Armstrong FRS FRSE (Hon) (6 May 1848 – 13 July 1937) was a British chemist. Although Armstrong was active in many areas of scientific research, such as the chemistry of naphthalene derivatives, he is remembered today largely for h ...

: 1893–1895 * Augustus George Vernon Harcourt: 1895–1897 * Sir

James Dewar Sir James Dewar ( ; 20 September 1842 – 27 March 1923) was a Scottish chemist and physicist. He is best known for his invention of the vacuum flask, which he used in conjunction with research into the liquefaction of gases. He also studie ...

: 1897–1899 * Sir

Thomas Edward Thorpe Sir Thomas Edward Thorpe CB, FRS HFRSE LLD (8 December 1845 – 23 February 1925) was a British chemist. From 1894 to 1909, he was Chief Chemist to the British Government, as Director of the Government Laboratory. Early life and education T ...

: 1899–1901 * James Emerson Reynolds: 1901–1903 * William Augustus Tilden: 1903–1905 *

Raphael Meldola Raphael Meldola FRS (19 July 1849 – 16 November 1915) was a British chemist and entomologist. He was Professor of Organic Chemistry in the University of London, 1912–15. Life Born in Islington, London, he was descended from Raphael Me ...

: 1905–1907 * Sir

William Ramsay Sir William Ramsay (; 2 October 1852 – 23 July 1916) was a Scottish chemist who discovered the noble gases and received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1904 "in recognition of his services in the discovery of the inert gaseous elements ...

: 1907–1909 *

Harold Baily Dixon Harold Baily Dixon (11 August 1852 – 18 September 1930) was a British chemist and amateur footballer who appeared for Oxford University in the 1873 FA Cup Final. Early life Born in Marylebone, London, England, he attended Westminster Scho ...

: 1909–1911 * Percy Faraday Frankland: 1911–1913 * Sir William Henry Perkin Jnr: 1913–1915

* Alexander Scott: 1915–1917 * Sir

William Jackson Pope Sir William Jackson Pope (31 March 1870 – 17 October 1939) was an English chemist. Biography William Jackson Pope was born on 31 March 1870 in Hoxton to William (a saddler) and Alice (née Hall). His parents were staunch and active Wesleyan ...

: 1917–1919 * James Johnston Dobbie: 1919–1921 * Sir James Walker: 1921–1923 * : 1923–1925 * : 1925–1926 * Herbert Brereton Baker: 1926–1928 * Sir Jocelyn Field Thorpe: 1928–1931 *

George Gerald Henderson George Gerald Henderson (30 January 1862 – 28 September 1942) was a chemist and professor at the University of Glasgow. He was known for his work on terpenes. Life Henderson was born to a Glasgow merchant in 1862. He entered the University o ...

: 1931–1933 * Sir

Gilbert Thomas Morgan Sir Gilbert Thomas Morgan (1872-1940), OBE, FRS, was a British research chemist. Career After graduating from Finsbury Technical College, where he had studied under Raphael Meldola, Morgan was employed as assistant chemist at the dye firm Read Ho ...

: 1933–1935 * Nevil Vincent Sidgwick: 1935–1937 * Sir Frederick George Donnan: 1937–1939 * Sir Robert Robinson: 1939–1941 * James Charles Philip: 1941 to August 1941 *

William Hobson Mills William Hobson Mills FRS (6 July 1873 – 22 February 1959) was a British organic chemist. Biography William Hobson Mills was born in Hammersmith on 6 July 1873, the eldest of five children of William Henry Mills, an architect, and Emily Wil ...

: 1941–1944 * Walter Norman Haworth: 1944–1946 * Sir

Cyril Norman Hinshelwood Sir Cyril Norman Hinshelwood (19 June 1897 – 9 October 1967) was a British physical chemist and expert in chemical kinetics. His work in reaction mechanisms earned the 1956 Nobel Prize in chemistry. Education Born in London, his parents we ...

: 1946–1948 * Sir Ian Morris Heilbron: 1948–1950 * Sir Eric Keightley Rideal: 1950–1952 * Sir

Christopher Kelk Ingold Sir Christopher Kelk Ingold (28 October 1893 – 8 December 1970) was a British chemist based in Leeds and London. His groundbreaking work in the 1920s and 1930s on reaction mechanisms and the electronic structure of organic compounds was resp ...

: 1952–1954 * : 1954–1956 * Sir Edmund Langley Hirst: 1956–1958 * Harry Julius Emeleus: 1958–1960 * Lord Alexander Robertus Todd: 1960–1962 *

John Monteath Robertson John Monteath Robertson (July 24, 1900 – December 27, 1989) was a Scottish chemist and crystallographer. He was the recipient of the Davy Medal in 1960 and president of the Chemical Society from 1962 to 1964. Life He was born on 24 July ...

: 1962–1964 * Sir Ewart Ray Herbert Jones: 1964–1966 * Sir Harry Work Melville: 1966–1968 * Sir

Ronald Sydney Nyholm Sir Ronald Sydney Nyholm (29 January 1917 – 4 December 1971) was an Australian chemist who was a leading figure in inorganic chemistry in the 1950s and 1960s. Education Born on 29 January 1917 as the fourth in a family of six children. Nyhol ...

: 1968–1970 * Lord

George Porter George Porter, Baron Porter of Luddenham, (6 December 1920 – 31 August 2002) was a British chemist. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1967. Education and early life Porter was born in Stainforth, near Thorne, in the then West ...

: 1970–1972 * Sir Frederick Sydney Dainton: 1972–1973 * Sir

Derek Harold Richard Barton Sir Derek Harold Richard Barton (8 September 1918 – 16 March 1998) was an English organic chemist and Nobel Prize laureate for 1969. Education and early life Barton was born in Gravesend, Kent, to William Thomas and Maude Henrietta Barton ( ...

: 1973–1974 * Jack Wheeler Barrett: 1974–1975 * Frank Arnold Robinson: 1975–1976 * Cyril Clifford Addison: 1976–1977 * Alan Woodworth Johnson: 1977–1978 * Theodore Morris Sugden: 1978–1979 * Dr Alfred Spinks: 1979–1980

Original members

On 23 February 1841, a meeting was convened to take into consideration the formation of a Chemical Society. The Provisional Committee appointed for carrying that object into effect invited a number of gentlemen engaged in the practice and pursuit of chemistry to become original members. The following 77 communicated their written assent:

Thomas Andrews Thomas Andrews Jr. (7 February 1873 – 15 April 1912) was a British businessman and shipbuilder, who was managing director and head of the drafting department of the shipbuilding company Harland and Wolff in Belfast, Ireland. He was the naval ...

* J A Barron * James Blake * William Blythe *

* E W Brayley *

Henry James Brooke Henry James Brooke (1771–1857) was an English crystallographer. Life Brooke was the son of a broadcloth manufacturer, born in Exeter on 25 May 1771. He studied for the bar, but went into business in the Spanish wool trade, South American minin ...

* Charles Button * Thomas Clark * William John Cock *

John Thomas Cooper John Thomas Cooper (1790–1854) was an English chemist notable as a lecturer, chemical supplier and chemical analyst, at a time when interest was burgeoning in chemistry as a discipline of study and application. Biography Cooper was born in Gre ...

* John Thomas Cooper Jnr. *

Andrew Crosse Andrew Crosse (17 June 1784 – 6 July 1855) was a British scientist who was born and died at Fyne Court, Broomfield, Somerset. Crosse was an early pioneer and experimenter in the use of electricity. He became known after press reports of an ...

Walter Crum Walter Crum FRS (1796–1867) was a Scottish chemist and businessman. He became a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1844. Life He was born in Glasgow, the second son of Alexander Crum of Thornliebank, a merchant there, and of Jane, the eldest da ...

* James Cumming *

John Frederic Daniell John Frederic Daniell (12 March 1790 – 13 March 1845) was an England, English chemist and physicist. Biography Daniell was born in London. In 1831 he became the first professor of chemistry at the newly founded King's College London; and in ...

Edmund Davy Edmund Davy Fellow of the Royal Society, FRS (1785 – 5 November 1857)Christopher F. Lindsey, 'Davy, Edmund (1785–1857)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 200 accessed 6 April 2008/ref> was a professor of chemi ...

* Warren De la Rue * Thomas Everitt * William Ferguson *

George Fownes George Fownes, FRS (14 May 1815 in London – 31 January 1849) was a British chemist. He attended the Palace School in Enfield. He obtained his PhD at Giessen, in Germany. From 1842 he was chemistry professor at the Pharmaceutical Society of G ...

* A Frampton * J P Gassiot * Thomas Gill

* John Graham * John Joseph Griffin * Thomas Griffiths *

William Robert Grove Sir William Robert Grove, FRS FRSE (11 July 1811 – 1 August 1896) was a Welsh judge and physical scientist. He anticipated the general theory of the conservation of energy, and was a pioneer of fuel cell technology. He invented the Grove vol ...

* Charles Heisch *

Henry Hennell Henry Hennell FRS (''c.'' 1797 – 4 June 1842) was an English chemist. Hennelll was one of the founders of the Chemical Society of London and was a member of the first elected Council of the Chemical Society. He was elected F.R.S. in 1829. He w ...

* Thomas Hetherington Henry * William Herapath *

Thomas Charles Hope Thomas Charles Hope (21 July 1766 – 13 June 1844) was a Scottish physician, chemist and lecturer. He proved the existence of the element strontium, and gave his name to Hope's Experiment, which shows that water reaches its maximum density at ...

* F R Hughes * Percival Johnson * James Johnston * W B Leeson * George Dixon Longstaff *

George Lowe George Edward Lowe (November 10, 1957 – March 2, 2025) was an American voice actor and comedian whose voice roles included Space Ghost on the animated series ''Space Ghost Coast to Coast'' and its spin-off, '' Cartoon Planet''. He continued ...

Robert Macgregor Robert MacGregor (1825 – 1883) was a Scottish-born Australian headmaster and politician. MacGregor was born in Banffshire, Scotland, and was educated in Edinburgh Edinburgh is the capital city of Scotland and one of its 32 Council are ...

Charles Macintosh Charles Macintosh FRS (29 December 1766 – 25 July 1843) was a Scottish chemist and the inventor of the modern waterproof raincoat. The Mackintosh raincoat (the variant spelling is now standard) is named after him. Biography Macintosh was ...

* John Mercer *

William Hallowes Miller Prof William Hallowes Miller FRS HFRSE LLD DCL (6 April 180120 May 1880) was a Welsh mineralogist and laid the foundations of modern crystallography. Miller indices are named after him, the method having been described in his ''Treatise on Cr ...

* Thomas Moody *

David Mushet David Mushet (2 October 1772 – 7 June 1847) was a Scottish engineer, known for his inventions in the field of metallurgy. Mushet was an early advocate of animal rights. Early life Mushet was born on 2 October 1772 in Dalkeith near Edinbu ...

* J A Paris * H L Pattinson * Thomas Pearsall * Frederic Penny

William Haseldine Pepys William Haseldine Pepys Geological Society of London, FGS Fellow of the Royal Society, FRS (23 March 1775 – 17 August 1856) (or William Hasledine Pepys - both versions were used during his lifetime) was an English scientist and founder of learne ...

* Richard Phillips *

* Robert Porrett * L H Potts * G Owen Rees * David Boswell Reid * Thomas Richardson * Maurice Scanlan * Ollive Sims * Denham Smith * Edward Solly Jnr *

John Stenhouse John Stenhouse FRS FRSE FIC FCS (21 October 1809 – 31 December 1880) was a British chemist. In 1854, he invented one of the first practical respirators. He was a co-founder of the Chemical Society in 1841. Life John Stenhouse was born i ...

* Richard Taylor * John Tennent * E F Teschemacher * Thomas Thomson *

Robert Dundas Thomson Dr Robert Dundas Thomson FRSE FRS FRCP FCS (21 September 1810 – 17 August 1864) was a British physician and chemist and a pioneer of public sanitation. He worked as an academic, medical officer of health and author. Life He was the son ...

* Wilton George Turner * Robert Warington * William West * James Low Wheeler *

George Wilson George Wilson may refer to: Arts and entertainment * George Balch Wilson (1927–2021), American composer, professor emeritus at the University of Michigan * George Washington Wilson (1823–1893), Scottish photographer * George Christopher (ac ...

* John Wilson * Philip Yorke

References