Tetraphalerus
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''Tetraphalerus'' is a genus of
beetle Beetles are insects that form the Taxonomic rank, order Coleoptera (), in the superorder Holometabola. Their front pair of wings are hardened into wing-cases, elytra, distinguishing them from most other insects. The Coleoptera, with about 40 ...
s in the family
Ommatidae The Ommatidae are a family of beetles in the suborder Archostemata. The Ommatidae are considered the extant beetle family that has most ancestral characteristics. There are only seven extant species, confined to Australia and South America. Howev ...
, It is currently known from two extant species native to South America and several fossil species from the Jurassic and Cretaceous of Asia.


Systematics

According to Kirejtshuk, 2020. Taxa labelled (?) are considered questionable by Kirejtshuk, 2020 * (?)†'' Tetraphalerus brevis'' Ponomarenko, 1964
Karabastau Formation The Karabastau Formation () is a geological formation and lagerstätte in the Karatau Mountains of southern Kazakhstan whose strata date to the Middle to Late Jurassic. It is an important locality for insect fossils that has been studied since ...
, Kazakhstan, Oxfordian *'' Tetraphalerus bruchi'' Heller, 1913 – recent, Northern Argentina * (?)†'' Tetraphalerus collaris'' Ponomarenko, 1997Dzun-Bain Formation, Mongolia,
Aptian The Aptian is an age (geology), age in the geologic timescale or a stage (stratigraphy), stage in the stratigraphic column. It is a subdivision of the Early Cretaceous, Early or Lower Cretaceous epoch (geology), Epoch or series (stratigraphy), S ...
* (?)†'' Tetraphalerus glabratus'' Ponomarenko, 1997Togo-Khuduk Formation, Mongolia,
Bajocian In the geologic timescale, the Bajocian is an age and stage in the Middle Jurassic. It lasted from approximately 170.9 ±0.8 Ma to around 168.2 ±1.2 Ma (million years ago). The Bajocian Age succeeds the Aalenian Age and precedes the Bathonia ...
/
Bathonian In the geologic timescale the Bathonian is an age (geology), age and stage (stratigraphy), stage of the Middle Jurassic. It lasted from approximately 168.2 ±1.2 annum, Ma to around 165.3 ±1.1 Ma (million years ago). The Bathonian Age succeeds ...
* (?)†'' Tetraphalerus mongolicus'' Ponomarenko, 1986Gurvan-Eren Formation, Mongolia, Aptian * (?)†'' Tetraphalerus notatus'' Ponomarenko, 1997 – Dzun-Bain Formation, Mongolia, Aptian *'' Tetraphalerus wagneri'' Waterhouse, 1901 – recent, South America Other described fossil species:Ommatidae Species List
at Joel Hallan’s Biology Catalog. Texas A&M University. Retrieved on 11 May 2012. * †'' Tetraphalerus largicoxa'' Lin, 1986Guanyintan Formation, China,
Toarcian The Toarcian is, in the International Commission on Stratigraphy, ICS' geologic timescale, an age (geology), age and stage (stratigraphy), stage in the Early Jurassic, Early or Lower Jurassic. It spans the time between 184.2 Megaannum, Ma (million ...
/
Aalenian The Aalenian () is a subdivision of the Middle Jurassic Epoch/Series of the geologic timescale that extends from about 174.7 ±0.8 Ma to about 170.9 ±0.8 Ma (million years ago). It was preceded by the Toarcian and succeeded by the Bajocian. St ...
* †''
Tetraphalerus penalveri ''Tetraphalerus'' is a genus of beetles in the family Ommatidae, It is currently known from two extant species native to South America and several fossil species from the Jurassic and Cretaceous of Asia. Systematics According to Kirejtshuk, 20 ...
'' Soriano & Delclòs, 2006
La Pedrera de Rúbies Formation The La Pedrera de Rúbies Formation, also called as La Pedrera de Meià is an Early Cretaceous ( late Berriasian to early Barremian geologic formation in Catalonia, Spain. The formation crops out in the area of the Montsec in the Organyà Bas ...
, Spain,
Barremian The Barremian is an age in the geologic timescale (or a chronostratigraphic stage) between 125.77 Ma (million years ago) and 121.4 ± 1.0 Ma (Historically, this stage was placed at 129.4 million to approximately 125 million years ago) It is a ...
* †'' Tetraphalerus ponomarenkoi'' Soriano & Delclòs, 2006
La Huérguina Formation The La Huérguina Formation (also known as the Calizas de La Huérguina Formation, La Huérguina Limestone Formation or as the Una Formation) is a geological Formation (geology), formation in Spain whose strata date back to the Barremian stage of ...
, Spain, Barremian


Formerly assigned species

* †''Tetraphalerus antiquus'' Ponomarenko, 1964 assigned to '' Allophalerus'' * †''Tetraphalerus bontsaganensis'' Ponomarenko, 1997 assigned to ''Allophalerus'' * †''Tetraphalerus brevicapitis'' Pononarenko & Martinez-Delclos, 2000 considered indeterminate by Kirejtshuk, 2020 * †''Tetraphalerus fentaiensis'' (Ren, 1995) assigned to '' Monticupes'' * †''Tetraphalerus grandis'' Ponomarenko, 1964 assigned to '' Omma'' * †''Tetraphalerus incertus'' Ponomarenko, 1969 assigned to ''Allophalerus'' * †''Tetraphalerus laetus'' Lin, 1976 assigned to ''
Notocupes ''Notocupes'' is an extinct genus of medium-sized archostematan beetles from the Mesozoic Era of Eurasia, including over 50 described species. Historically, the genus was classified as a member of the family Ommatidae, but the presence of charact ...
''
* †''Tetraphalerus latus'' Tan et al. 2007 assigned to ''Allophalerus'' * †''Tetraphalerus lindae'' Jarzembowski et al. 2017 assigned to '' Bukhkalius'' * †''Tetraphalerus longicollis'' Ponomarenko, 1997 assigned to ''Omma'' * †''Tetraphalerus maximus'' Ponomarenko, 1968 assigned to ''Allophalerus'' * †''Tetraphalerus okhotensis'' Ponomarenko in Cromov et al., 1993 assigned to ''Allophalerus'' * †''Tetraphalerus oligocenicus'' (Crowson, 1962) assigned to ''
Tetraphalerites ''Tetraphalerites'' is an extinct genus of ommatid archostematan beetle. It contains only one species, ''Tetraphalerites oligocenicus'' described by Roy Crowson in 1962 for a specimen from the Priabonian (late Eocene) aged Insect Limestone, Bem ...
''
* †''Tetraphalerus tenuipes'' Ponomarenko, 1964 assigned to ''Allophalerus'' * †''Tetraphalerus verrucosus'' Ponomarenko, 1966 assigned to ''Allophalerus'' * †''Tetraphalerus surrectus'' (Ren, 1995) assigned to ''Monticupes''


References

Ommatidae Archostemata genera Taxa named by Charles Owen Waterhouse {{Ommatidae-stub