Te Atairangikaahu

Dame Te Atairangikaahu (born Pikimene Korokī Mahuta, 23 July 1931 – 15 August 2006) reigned as Māori Queen from 1966 until her death in 2006. Her reign was the longest of any Māori monarch.

Her full name and title was Te Arikinui Dame Te Atairangikaahu. Her title Te Arikinui (meaning ''Paramount Chief'') and name Te Atairangikaahu (meaning the hawk of the morning sky) were bestowed when she became monarch. Her full ''whakapapa'' (lineage) name, linking her to previous Māori monarchs, was Te Atairangikaahu Korokī Te Rata Mahuta Tāwhiao Pōtatau Te Wherowhero.

Life

She was born to the name Pikimene Korokī Mahuta within the marriage of Korokī Mahuta and Te Atairangikaahu Hērangi; Korokī Mahuta fathered older daughters, Tuura the younger of two, both by Tepaia, an earlier relationship. Known as Piki during her early life, she had whāngai-adopted siblings including Sir Robert Mahuta, whose daughter Nanaia Mahuta served as a member of Parliament and, from 2020 to 2023, foreign minister. Te Atairangikaahu was a descendant of the first Māori king, Pōtatau Te Wherowhero. She attended Rakaumanga Primary School and Waikato Diocesan School for Girls.

In 1952, she married Whatumoana Paki, whose father was from Waikato tribe Ngāti Whāwhākia and mother from the northern tribe of Te Aupōuri. They had seven children: Tūheitia Paki, Heeni Katipa (née Paki), Tomairangi Paki, Kiki Solomon (née Paki), Mihi Gabrielle Paki, Maharaia Paki, and Te Manawanui Clarkson (née Paki).

Reign

Korokī died on 18 May 1966. Leaders from the Kīngitanga subsequently elected Princess Piki to succeed her father during the six-day tangihanga (funeral rites); after an initial reluctance to accept the title, she formally became queen on 23 May, the day Korokī was buried. To mark the accession, she adopted the name of her mother, Te Atairangikaahu, who died the previous year.

Although the office of the Māori monarch holds no constitutional function, it is the paramount head of the Waikato federation of tribes with its parliament. Te Atairangikaahu was also an avid supporter of Māori cultural and sporting events and played an active role in local and global political events involving indigenous issues.

Her official residence was Turongo House in the Tūrangawaewae Marae complex coupled with Mahinarangi (official reception room for receiving dignitaries) and Raukawa iti (official guest house). She and her husband also resided at Waahi Pa in Huntly during her reign. He continued to live at their residence with his son until his death in 2011.

Illness and death

In December 2005, Te Atairangikaahu started dialysis treatment when her kidneys began to fail. On 11 July 2006, she suffered what appeared to be a heart attack, and was admitted to intensive care in Waikato Hospital, Hamilton. She was discharged from hospital later in the month, in time to celebrate her 75th birthday.

Te Arikinui Dame Te Atairangikaahu died on 15 August 2006 at her official residence, Tūrangawaewae marae in Ngāruawāhia. Six of her seven children were present, with one daughter en route from Australia.

Her death sparked a week of mourning for Māoridom leading to her funeral on 21 August 2006. She is buried on Taupiri mountain in an unmarked grave, as are her ancestors, as a sign of equality with their people. Queen Elizabeth II sent her condolences.

Her widower, Whatumoana Paki, wanted a tombstone for his wife, but members of the royal family do not have grave markings. Instead, Paki paid tribute to his wife by planting a breed of purple roses, named specifically for Te Atairangikaahu, around a memorial stone outside their home.

Succession

Tūheitia Paki, her eldest son, was chosen during the mourning period as her successor with the help of a "kingmaker", after the consent of the chiefs of all the leading tribes was sought. Her eldest child, daughter Heeni Katipa, was the next leading contender for the position.

In contrast to the monarchy of New Zealand, the Māori monarchy is both elective and operates outside New Zealand's constitutional structures. Consequently, the position is not automatically inherited by primogeniture as the New Zealand throne is. Te Atairangikaahu herself was her father's second daughter, though the eldest was not born to his wife, so any of her children or a leading figure from another iwi could have been appointed as her successor.

Honours

In the 1970 New Year Honours, Te Atairangikaahu was the first Māori to be appointed a Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire, "for outstanding services to the Māori people"."New Year Honours List" (15 January 1970) 1 ''New Zealand Gazette'' 1 at 15.

On 6 February 1987, Te Atairangikaahu was the first appointee to the Order of New Zealand"The Order of New Zealand" (12 February 1987) 20 ''New Zealand Gazette'' 705 at 709. and her badge of the order bears the number 1.

She was awarded an honorary doctorate from Waikato University in 1973, and an Honorary Doctor of Laws from Victoria University in 1999. In 1986, she was appointed an Officer of the Order of St John.

She was awarded the New Zealand 1990 Commemoration Medal, and in 1993, she was awarded the New Zealand Suffrage Centennial Medal.

Posthumously, Tuheitia, her son and successor as Māori King, honoured her as the namesake of the ''Illustrious Order of Te Arikinui Queen Te Atairangikaahu'' when he established the Māori Kīngi Honours in 2014.

References

External links

{{DEFAULTSORT:Te Atairangikaahu
1931 births
2006 deaths
Māori monarchs
New Zealand Dames Commander of the Order of the British Empire
Members of the Order of New Zealand
Officers of the Order of St John
People from Huntly, New Zealand
Deaths from kidney failure
People educated at Waikato Diocesan School
Recipients of the New Zealand Suffrage Centennial Medal 1993
20th-century women monarchs
People of the Māori Women's Welfare League
20th-century monarchs in Oceania
21st-century monarchs in Oceania
Daughters of kings