Dvaita Dvaita Vedanta (); (originally known as Tattvavada; IAST: ''Tattvavāda''), is a sub-school in the Vedanta ''Vedanta'' (; , ), also known as ''Uttara Mīmāṃsā'', is one of the six orthodox (Āstika and nāstika, ''āstika'') trad ...

philosophy, Tamo-yogyas are a group of souls, classified by

Madhvacharya Madhvacharya (; ; 1199–1278 CE or 1238–1317 CE), also known as Purna Prajna () and Ānanda Tīrtha, was an Indian philosopher, theologian and the chief proponent of the ''Dvaita'' (dualism) school of Vedanta. Madhva called his philosophy ...

, which consists of the souls who are damnable. Madhvacharya divides souls into three classes: one class of souls which qualifies for ''

moksha ''Moksha'' (; , '), also called ''vimoksha'', ''vimukti'', and ''mukti'', is a term in Jainism, Buddhism, Hinduism, and Sikhism for various forms of emancipation, liberation, '' nirvana'', or release. In its soteriological and eschatologic ...

'', or liberation (

Mukti-yogyas In Dvaita theology, Mukti-yogyas are a class of souls classified by Shri Madhvacharya as eligible for mukti or moksha. Madhva divides souls into three classes: one class of souls which qualifies for liberation (Mukti-yogyas), another as subject to ...

); another as subject to '' samsara'', eternal rebirth or transmigration (

Nitya-samsarins ''Nitya-samsarin''s () or nitya-samsaris is a concept in Hindu philosophy, referring to an individual who believes that their self is eternally bound in the cycle of rebirth called '' samsara''. The existence of nitya-samsari is used to offer cred ...

); and a third class that is eventually condemned to eternal

hell In religion and folklore, hell is a location or state in the afterlife in which souls are subjected to punishment after death. Religions with a linear divine history sometimes depict hells as eternal destinations, such as Christianity and I ...

ish life in Andhatamisra (Tamo-yogyas).Tapasyananda, Swami. ''Bhakti Schools of Vedanta'', p. 177.

Helmuth von Glasenapp Otto Max Helmuth von Glasenapp (8 September 1891 – 25 June 1963) was a German Indologist and religion scholar specialized as a historian of Indian philosophy, who taught as a professor at the University of Königsberg in East Prussia (1928� ...

: ''Der Hinduismus. Religion und Gesellschaft im heutigen Indien'', Hildesheim 1978, p. 248. According to Madhvacharya, Naraka (hell) is temporary for sinners like thieves and drunkards, but not for those who express eternal hatred against God, the Dvaita

guru Guru ( ; International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration, IAST: ''guru'') is a Sanskrit term for a "mentor, guide, expert, or master" of certain knowledge or field. In pan-Indian religions, Indian traditions, a guru is more than a teacher: tr ...

s or the

Vedas FIle:Atharva-Veda samhita page 471 illustration.png, upright=1.2, The Vedas are ancient Sanskrit texts of Hinduism. Above: A page from the ''Atharvaveda''. The Vedas ( or ; ), sometimes collectively called the Veda, are a large body of relig ...

.Helmuth von Glasenapp
''Madhva's Philosophie des Vishnu-Glaubens''
''Geistesströmungen des Ostens'' vol. 2, Bonn 1923, pp. 103–105. Therefore, the eternally damned would consist of the most evil, sadomasochistic living entities, including the demon

Kali Kali (; , ), also called Kalika, is a major goddess in Hinduism, primarily associated with time, death and destruction. Kali is also connected with transcendental knowledge and is the first of the ten Mahavidyas, a group of goddesses who p ...

, who although he carries out the orders of God also enjoys being punished, and who is said to be the most wicked being.Glasenapp: ''Madhva's Philosophie des Vishnu-Glaubens'', pp. 65–66. They would sink down into Andhatamisra, which would remain independently during every ''

kalpa Kalevan Pallo (KalPa) is a professional ice hockey team which competes in the Finnish Liiga. They play in Kuopio, Finland at the Niiralan monttu, Olvi Areena. Team history Established in 1929 as ''Sortavalan Palloseura'' in Sortavala, the club r ...

''.Sri Vadiraja
Bhugola Varnanam
commented and transl. by V. Badaryana Murthy, Bangalore 1988/89, pp. 60–63. Some Dvaitins regard this as an expression of universal kindness, because it would fit in with their nature, comparing it to the neem tree, which prefers bitter minerals for its growth.

References

Dvaita Vedanta Hindu philosophical concepts {{Hindu-philo-stub