''Tequintavirus'' (synonyms ''T5-like phages'', ''T5-like viruses'', ''T5likevirus'') is a genus of

virus A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living Cell (biology), cells of an organism. Viruses infect all life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea. Viruses are ...

es in the family '' Demerecviridae''. Bacteria serve as the natural host, with transmission achieved through passive diffusion. The genus contains 70 species.

Structure

Tequintaviruses are

nonenveloped A viral envelope is the outermost layer of many types of viruses. It protects the genetic material in their life cycle when traveling between host cells. Not all viruses have envelopes. A viral envelope protein or E protein is a protein in the env ...

, with a head and tail. The head is icosahedral (T=13) and is about 90 nm in diameter. The tail is about 180 nm long, 9 nm wide. It has three long, kinked terminal fibers around 120 nm in length, and a single straight central fiber attached to a conical tip.

Genome

Genomes are linear, around 121kb in length. Bacteriophage T5 and several other species have been fully sequenced. The genomes range between roughly 108-121 thousand nucleotides, with about 140 to 170 predicted

open reading frame In molecular biology, reading frames are defined as spans of DNA sequence between the start and stop codons. Usually, this is considered within a studied region of a prokaryotic DNA sequence, where only one of the six possible reading frames ...

s. The complete genomes, as well as two other similar, unclassified genomes are availabl
here

Life cycle

The virus attaches to the host cell's adhesion receptors using its terminal fibers, and degrades the cell wall using viral exolysin sufficiently eject the viral DNA into the host cytoplasm vi

Replication follows the DNA strand displacement, via replicative transposition model. DNA-templated transcription is the method of transcription. Once the viral genes have been replicated, the procapsid is assembled and packed. The tail is then assembled and the mature virions are released via lysis. Bacteria serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are passive diffusion.

Taxonomy

The genus contains the following species: * ''Tequintavirus ABTNLsp4'' * ''Tequintavirus ABTNLsp9'' * ''Tequintavirus AKFV33'' * ''Tequintavirus APCEc03'' * ''Tequintavirus BB1'' * ''Tequintavirus BF23'' * ''Tequintavirus chee24'' * ''Tequintavirus DaisyDussoix'' * ''Tequintavirus DT5712'' * ''Tequintavirus DT57C'' * ''Tequintavirus E22'' * ''Tequintavirus EC100'' * ''Tequintavirus EC148'' * ''Tequintavirus ECOP18'' * ''Tequintavirus ESCO30'' * ''Tequintavirus ESCO40'' * ''Tequintavirus ev219'' * ''Tequintavirus FFH1'' * ''Tequintavirus fp01'' * ''Tequintavirus gostya9'' * ''Tequintavirus GSP044'' * '' Tequintavirus H8'' * ''Tequintavirus HASG4'' * ''Tequintavirus HdH2'' * ''Tequintavirus hildybeyeler'' * ''Tequintavirus IME178'' * ''Tequintavirus irisvonroten'' * ''Tequintavirus JLBYU40'' * ''Tequintavirus JLBYU43'' * ''Tequintavirus KPP2018'' * ''Tequintavirus L6jm'' * ''Tequintavirus lindwurm'' * ''Tequintavirus LLS'' * ''Tequintavirus LmqsSP1'' * ''Tequintavirus mar004NP2'' * ''Tequintavirus N5'' * ''Tequintavirus NBEco001'' * ''Tequintavirus NBEco002'' * ''Tequintavirus NBSal003'' * ''Tequintavirus NBSal005'' * ''Tequintavirus NR01'' * ''Tequintavirus oldekolle'' * ''Tequintavirus OSYSP'' * ''Tequintavirus P1100107'' * ''Tequintavirus phA11'' * ''Tequintavirus phB7'' * ''Tequintavirus phC17'' * ''Tequintavirus PNJ1902'' * ''Tequintavirus S124'' * ''Tequintavirus S131'' * ''Tequintavirus SA001'' * ''Tequintavirus SE11'' * ''Tequintavirus selmaratti'' * ''Tequintavirus shivani'' * ''Tequintavirus SHSML45'' * ''Tequintavirus slur09'' * ''Tequintavirus SP01'' * ''Tequintavirus SP3'' * ''Tequintavirus SP15'' * ''Tequintavirus SPC35'' * ''Tequintavirus SSP1'' * '' Tequintavirus T5'' * ''Tequintavirus Th1'' * ''Tequintavirus tv179112'' * ''Tequintavirus tv3sent1'' * ''Tequintavirus tv8sent1748'' * ''Tequintavirus tvI1'' * ''Tequintavirus VEc33'' * ''Tequintavirus VSe12'' * ''Tequintavirus vVAH1''

History

According to ICTV'
1996 report
the genus ''T5likevirus'' was first accepted under the name ''T5-like phages'', assigned only to family ''

Siphoviridae ''Siphoviridae'' was a family of double-stranded DNA viruses in the order '' Caudovirales''. The family ''Siphoviridae'' and order '' Caudovirales'' have now been abolished, with the term siphovirus now used to refer to the morphology of viruses ...

''. The whole family was moved to order ''

Caudovirales ''Caudoviricetes'' is a class of viruses known as tailed viruses and head-tail viruses (''cauda'' is Latin for "tail"). It is the sole representative of its own phylum, ''Uroviricota'' (from ''ouros'' (ουρος), a Greek word for "tailed" + ...

'' in 1998, and the genus was renamed to ''T5-like viruses'' in ICTV'
7th Report
in 1999. In 2013, it was renamed to ''T5likevirus'', and in 2016 it was renamed again to ''T5virus''. In 2020, The genus was renamed to ''Tequintavirus'' and placed in the newly established family '' Demerecviridae'' and subfamily '' Markadamsvirinae''.

References

External links

Viralzone: T5likevirus

ICTV
{{Taxonbar, from=Q18813185 Caudovirales Virus genera