T. L. Taylor (scholar)
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T. L. Taylor (born 1967) is an
American American(s) may refer to: * American, something of, from, or related to the United States of America, commonly known as the "United States" or "America" ** Americans, citizens and nationals of the United States of America ** American ancestry, p ...
sociologist and professor. Taylor specialises in researching the culture of gaming and online communities, in particular,
esports Esports (), short for electronic sports, is a form of competition using video games. Esports often takes the form of organized, multiplayer video game competitions, particularly between professional players, played individually or as teams. ...
, live-streaming, and
MMOG A massively multiplayer online game (MMOG or more commonly MMO) is an online video game with a large number of players to interact in the same online game world. MMOs usually feature a huge, persistent open world, although there are games th ...
s such as ''
EverQuest ''EverQuest'' is a 3D fantasy-themed massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG) originally developed by Verant Interactive and 989 Studios for Windows. It was released by Sony Online Entertainment in March 1999 in North America, ...
'' and ''
World of Warcraft ''World of Warcraft'' (''WoW'') is a 2004 massively multiplayer online role-playing (MMORPG) video game developed and published by Blizzard Entertainment for Windows and Mac OS X. Set in the '' Warcraft'' fantasy universe, ''World of War ...
''.


Education

She received her Ph.D. (2000) in sociology from
Brandeis University Brandeis University () is a Private university, private research university in Waltham, Massachusetts, United States. It is located within the Greater Boston area. Founded in 1948 as a nonsectarian, non-sectarian, coeducational university, Bra ...
. Her dissertation, ''Living Digitally: Embodiment in Virtual Environments'', explored design and embodiment in
MUD Mud (, or Middle Dutch) is loam, silt or clay mixed with water. Mud is usually formed after rainfall or near water sources. Ancient mud deposits hardened over geological time to form sedimentary rock such as shale or mudstone (generally cal ...
s and graphical
virtual world A virtual world (also called a virtual space or spaces) is a Computer simulation, computer-simulated environment which may be populated by many simultaneous users who can create a personal Avatar (computing), avatar and independently explore th ...
s.


Work

Taylor was a founding faculty member of the Center for Computer Games Research at the
IT University of Copenhagen The IT University of Copenhagen ( Danish: ''IT-Universitetet i København'', abbreviated ITU) is a public university and research institution in Copenhagen, Denmark. It is specialized in the multidisciplinary study of information technology with ...
where she was a professor from 2003-2012. Before that she was an assistant professor at
North Carolina State University North Carolina State University (NC State, North Carolina State, NC State University, or NCSU) is a public university, public Land-grant university, land-grant research university in Raleigh, North Carolina, United States. Founded in 1887 and p ...
. She is currently a Professor in Comparative Media Studies at the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a Private university, private research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. Established in 1861, MIT has played a significant role in the development of many areas of moder ...
. She has been both a Visiting and Consulting Researcher with the Social Media group at
Microsoft Research Microsoft Research (MSR) is the research subsidiary of Microsoft. It was created in 1991 by Richard Rashid, Bill Gates and Nathan Myhrvold with the intent to advance state-of-the-art computing and solve difficult world problems through technologi ...
New England. She co-founded AnyKey.org with Morgan Romine in 2015 and served as its Director of Research from 2015-2020 then Advisory Committee chair from 2020-2021. AnyKey's aim is to support inclusion and diversity in the gaming and esport community. Taylor is on the editorial boards of the journals ''Games & Culture'', ''Social Media and Society, American Journal of Play, and ROMChip''. She was a member of Twitch's Safety Advisory Council (2020-2024) and was a member of the Advisory Board for Riot's Scholastic Association of America from 2018-2020.


Research

Taylor has been noted as providing insight into the emerging world of
live streaming Livestreaming, live-streaming, or live streaming is the streaming media, streaming of video or Digital audio, audio in real-time communication, real time or near real time. While often referred to simply as ''streaming'', the real-time nature ...
, the growth of professional
esports Esports (), short for electronic sports, is a form of competition using video games. Esports often takes the form of organized, multiplayer video game competitions, particularly between professional players, played individually or as teams. ...
, and virtual worlds. Taylor also explores the relationship between the self-expression of players and designers' imperatives, as well as challenging the perceived dichotomy between online and offline experience. Her first book, ''Play Between Worlds'' (
MIT Press The MIT Press is the university press of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), a private research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The MIT Press publishes a number of academic journals and has been a pioneer in the Open Ac ...
, 2006) focused on the massively multiplayer online game
EverQuest ''EverQuest'' is a 3D fantasy-themed massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG) originally developed by Verant Interactive and 989 Studios for Windows. It was released by Sony Online Entertainment in March 1999 in North America, ...
. It explored the social aspects of play,
powergaming Powergaming (also known as power gaming, min maxing, or optimization) is a style of interacting with games or game-like systems, particularly video games, boardgames, and role-playing games, with the aim of maximizing progress towards a specific ...
, gender, and the creative practices of players (including intellectual property implications). Taylor's second book, ''Raising the Stakes'' (MIT Press, 2012), examined professional computer gaming. She visited the
World Cyber Games The World Cyber Games (WCG) is an international esports competition with multi-game titles in which hundreds of esports athletes from around the world participate in a variety of competitions also known as Esports Olympics. WCG events attempt to ...
, as well as a number of other tournaments and did interviews with a variety of participants in professional competitive gaming. The book looks at a number of topics in esports, including their status as
sport Sport is a physical activity or game, often Competition, competitive and organization, organized, that maintains or improves physical ability and skills. Sport may provide enjoyment to participants and entertainment to spectators. The numbe ...
s, rulesets and competitive play, gender, and spectatorship and performance. Her most recent book is ''Watch Me Play'' (Princeton, 2018). Taylor analyzes the rise of game live streaming, focusing particularly on the platform
Twitch Twitch may refer to: Biology * Muscle contraction ** Convulsion, rapid and repeated muscle contraction and relaxation ** Fasciculation, a small, local, involuntary muscle contraction ** Myoclonic twitch, a jerk usually caused by sudden muscle c ...
. Continuing her interests in the sociology of play, governance, and management, she discusses how live streaming has come to transform everyday gaming, as well as amplify the growth of
esports Esports (), short for electronic sports, is a form of competition using video games. Esports often takes the form of organized, multiplayer video game competitions, particularly between professional players, played individually or as teams. ...
. The book explores the affective and precarious labor of these broadcasters, the emphasis on media entertainment within esports, and the transformative work of live streaming. It won the American Sociological Association's Communication, Information Technologies, and Media Sociology section 2019 book award. In addition to her work on these subjects, she has also spoken and written on doing ethnographic work that spans both online and offline sites. She is the co-author (with
Tom Boellstorff Tom Boellstorff is an anthropologist based at the University of California, Irvine. In his career to date, his interests have included the anthropology of sexuality, the anthropology of globalization, digital anthropology, Southeast Asian studies ...
,
Bonnie Nardi Bonnie A. Nardi is an emeritus professor of the Department of Informatics at the University of California, Irvine, where she led the TechDec research lab in the areas of Human-Computer Interaction and computer-supported cooperative work. She is w ...
, and Celia Pearce) of ''Ethnography and Virtual Worlds: A Handbook of Method'' (Princeton, 2012), which works as a guide for researches to apply familiar
ethnographic Ethnography is a branch of anthropology and the systematic study of individual cultures. It explores cultural phenomena from the point of view of the subject of the study. Ethnography is also a type of social research that involves examining ...
research methods towards understanding virtual worlds and participants interactions within them.


Selected publications

*Taylor, T.L. (2018). ''Watch Me Play: Twitch and the Rise of Game Live Streaming.'' Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press
Book home page
* * *Taylor, T.L. (2009). "The Assemblage of Play".
Games and Culture
'. * * *Taylor, T.L. (2003). "Intentional Bodies: Virtual Environments and the Designers Who Shape Them"

*Taylor, T.L. (2002). "Living Digitally: Embodiment in Virtual Worlds". In ''The Social Life of Avatars: Presence and Interaction in Shared Virtual Environments'', R. Schroeder (ed), London: Springer-Verlag. *Taylor, T.L. (1999). "Life in virtual worlds: Plural Existence, Multimodalities, and other Online Research Challenges"
''American Behavioral Scientist''


References


External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Taylor, T.L. American mass media scholars American sociologists 1960s births Living people MUD scholars American women social scientists Video game researchers Brandeis University alumni Massachusetts Institute of Technology faculty Academic staff of the IT University of Copenhagen Educators from Cambridge, Massachusetts Academics from Copenhagen Year of birth missing (living people)