Susumanioidea is an extinct superfamily of

Phasmatodea The Phasmatodea (also known as Phasmida or Phasmatoptera) are an Order (biology), order of insects whose members are variously known as stick insects, stick bugs, walkingsticks, stick animals, or bug sticks. They are also occasionally referred ...

, known from the Middle Jurassic to Eocene. They lie outside the modern

crown group In phylogenetics, the crown group or crown assemblage is a collection of species composed of the living representatives of the collection, the most recent common ancestor of the collection, and all descendants of the most recent common ancestor ...

of Phasmatodea. Members of the group typically possess large, fully developed wings.

Taxonomy

up'' Renphasma sinica'' According to Yang ''et al.'' (2021), and subsequent literature * '' Yananphasma'' Guo, et al. 2025

Yanan Formation The Yanan Formation, alternatively spelled the Yan'an Formation (), is a geological formation in China, it is also alternatively considered a Group (stratigraphy), group. The age of the formation is uncertain, with estimates ranging from Toarcian ...

, China, Middle Jurassic *subfamily Phasmomimoidinae ** '' Phasmomimoides'' - 5 species,

Karabastau Formation The Karabastau Formation () is a geological formation and lagerstätte in the Karatau Mountains of southern Kazakhstan whose strata date to the Middle to Late Jurassic. It is an important locality for insect fossils that has been studied since ...

, Kazakhstan,

Callovian In the geologic timescale, the Callovian is an age and stage in the Middle Jurassic, lasting between 165.3 ± 1.1 Ma (million years ago) and 161.5 ± 1.0 Ma. It is the last stage of the Middle Jurassic, following the Bathonian and preceding the ...

- Oxfordian,

Zaza Formation The Zaza Formation is a geological formation located in Buryatia (Russia). It dates to the Lower Cretaceous. The age of the formation is disputed, and is considered likely to be Valanginian-Hauterivian, or Aptian in age. It comprises sandstones, ...

, Russian,

Aptian The Aptian is an age (geology), age in the geologic timescale or a stage (stratigraphy), stage in the stratigraphic column. It is a subdivision of the Early Cretaceous, Early or Lower Cretaceous epoch (geology), Epoch or series (stratigraphy), S ...

* subfamily Aclistophasmatinae ** '' Aclistophasma'' -

Jiulongshan Formation The Haifanggou Formation (), also known as the Jiulongshan Formation (), is a fossil-bearing rock deposit located near Daohugou () village of Ningcheng County, in Inner Mongolia, northeastern China. The formation consists of coarse Conglomerate ( ...

(Daohugou Beds), China, Callovian ** '' Adjacivena'' - Daohugou Beds, China, Callovian * subfamily Susumaniinae ** '' Aethephasma'' -

Yixian Formation The Yixian Formation (; formerly Romanization of Chinese, transcribed as Yihsien Formation or Yixiang Formation) is a geological formation in Jinzhou, Liaoning, People's Republic of China, that spans the Barremian stage of the Early Cretaceous. I ...

, China, Aptian ** '' Coniphasma'' - Umivik locality, Greenland,

Coniacian The Coniacian is an age or stage in the geologic timescale. It is a subdivision of the Late Cretaceous Epoch or Upper Cretaceous Series and spans the time between 89.8 ± 1 Ma and 86.3 ± 0.7 Ma (million years ago). The Coniacian is preceded by ...

** '' Cretophasmomima'' -

Weald Clay Weald Clay or the Weald Clay Formation is a Lower Cretaceous sedimentary rock unit underlying areas of South East England, between the North and South Downs, in an area called the Weald Basin. It is the uppermost unit of the Wealden Group of ...

, England,

Barremian The Barremian is an age in the geologic timescale (or a chronostratigraphic stage) between 125.77 Ma (million years ago) and 121.4 ± 1.0 Ma (Historically, this stage was placed at 129.4 million to approximately 125 million years ago) It is a ...

, Yixian Formation, China, Aptian Zaza Formation, Russia, Aptian, Ola Formation. Arkagalinskaya Formation, Russia,

Campanian The Campanian is the fifth of six ages of the Late Cretaceous epoch on the geologic timescale of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS). In chronostratigraphy, it is the fifth of six stages in the Upper Cretaceous Series. Campa ...

** '' Cretophasmomimoides'' - Anda-Khuduk Formation, Mongolia, Aptian ** '' Eoprephasma'' -

Klondike Mountain Formation The Klondike Mountain Formation is an Early Eocene (Ypresian) geological formation located in the northeast central area of Washington (state), Washington state. The formation is composed of volcanic rocks in the upper unit and volcanic plus lacu ...

, United States,

Ypresian In the geologic timescale the Ypresian is the oldest age (geology), age or lowest stage (stratigraphy), stratigraphic stage of the Eocene. It spans the time between , is preceded by the Thanetian Age (part of the Paleocene) and is followed by th ...

** '' Eosusumania'' - Emanra Formation, Russia,

Turonian The Turonian is, in the International Commission on Stratigraphy, ICS' geologic timescale, the second age (geology), age in the Late Cretaceous epoch (geology), Epoch, or a stage (stratigraphy), stage in the Upper Cretaceous series (stratigraphy), ...

** '' Hagiphasma'' - Yixian Formation, China, Aptian ** '' Kolymoptera'' - Arkagalinskaya Formation, Russia, Campanian ** '' Orephasma'' - Yixian Formation, China, Aptian ** '' Palaeopteron'' - Redmond Formation, Canada,

Cenomanian The Cenomanian is, in the International Commission on Stratigraphy's (ICS) geological timescale, the oldest or earliest age (geology), age of the Late Cretaceous epoch (geology), Epoch or the lowest stage (stratigraphy), stage of the Upper Cretace ...

** '' Paraphasmomimella'' - Zaza Formation, Russia, Aptian Emanra Formation, Russia, Turonian ** '' Phasmomimella'' -

Crato Formation The Crato Formation is a geologic formation (stratigraphy), formation of Early Cretaceous (Aptian) age in northeastern Brazil's Araripe Basin. It is an important Lagerstätten, Lagerstätte (undisturbed fossil accumulation) for palaeontology, pa ...

, Brazil, Aptian, Zaza Formation, Russia, Aptian,

Paskapoo Formation The Paskapoo Formation is a stratigraphic unit of Middle to Late Paleocene age in the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin. The Paskapoo underlies much of southwestern Alberta, and takes the name from the Blindman River ( means 'He is blind' in Cr ...

, Canada,

Paleocene The Paleocene ( ), or Palaeocene, is a geological epoch (geology), epoch that lasted from about 66 to 56 mya (unit), million years ago (mya). It is the first epoch of the Paleogene Period (geology), Period in the modern Cenozoic Era (geology), ...

** '' Phasmomimula'' - Paskapoo Formation, Canada, Paleocene ** '' Promastacoides'' - Paskapoo Formation, Canada, Paleocene ** '' Prosusumania'' - Argun Formation, Russia, Aptian ** ''

Renphasma ''Renphasma'' is an extinct genus of stick insect which existed in what is now China during the early Cretaceous period. It was named by André Nel and Emmanuel Delfosse in 2011, and the type species is ''Renphasma sinica,'' found in the early Ap ...

'' - Yixian Formation, China, Aptian ** '' Susumania'' - Arkagalinskaya Formation, Russia, Campanian

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q20177351

† A dagger, obelisk, or obelus is a typographical mark that usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used. The symbol is also used to indicate death (of people) or extinction (of species or languages). It is one of the mo ...

Prehistoric insects Prehistoric animal superfamilies