The Surakarta metropolitan area or known locally as () or Greater Solo is one of the metropolitan areas in Indonesia where the former Kerasidenan of

Surakarta Surakarta (Javanese script, Javanese: , Pegon script, Pegon: ), known colloquially as Solo (Javanese script, Javanese: ; ), is a major List of regencies and cities of Indonesia, city in Central Java, Indonesia. The city adjoins Karanganyar Reg ...

() and the Special Region of Surakarta were established. This area includes the city of

and its buffer areas such as

Sukoharjo Regency Sukoharjo Regency is a Regencies of Indonesia, regency () in the Central Java province in Indonesia. It covers an area of 493.23 km2 and had a population of 824,238 at the 2010 CensusBiro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011. and 907,587 at the 2020 Cen ...

Karanganyar Regency Karanganyar Regency () is a Regencies of Indonesia, regency in the Indonesian province of Central Java. It covers an area of 767.79 km2 and had a population of 813,196 at the 2010 CensusBiro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011. and 931,963 at th ...

History

Kingdom Period

The establishment of Surakarta began with the Geger Pacinan event in Batavia in the 1740s. The rebel prince assisted by ethnic Chinese attacked the Mataram Kartasura palace, causing the palace to be destroyed. Mataram, which was then led by Susuhunan Pakubuwono II, had to move the palace to another place. He chose Sala village to be used as the new government place.

Netherlands Colonial Period

was formed from the combination of the Kasunanan and Mangkunagaran areas. The area includes the core area of Surakarta namely: Kawedanan Kasunanan, Kawedanan Kartasura, Kawedanan Larangan, Kawedanan Bekonang (Now part of Municipality of

including Banjarsari Solo sub-district, Sukowati Regency (now Sragen), Wonogiri Regency, Klaten Regency, Boyolali Regency. Surakarta and Mangkunagara were also included in the ''

vorstenlanden The VorstenlandenEncarta-encyclopedie Winkler Prins (1993–2002) s.v. "Vorstenlanden". Microsoft Corporation/Het Spectrum. ( Dutch for 'princely lands' or 'princely states', Japanese: , Hepburn: ''kōchi'', Nihon-shiki/Kunrei-shiki: ''kooti'', ...

'', an autonomous region

Netherlands East Indies The Dutch East Indies, also known as the Netherlands East Indies (; ), was a Dutch Empire, Dutch colony with territory mostly comprising the modern state of Indonesia, which Proclamation of Indonesian Independence, declared independence on 17 Au ...

where this region had the right to govern its own household.

Present

Central Java Regional Regulation No. 6 of 2010 concerning spatial and regional development plans for 2009–2039, stipulates Solo Raya (Subosukawonosraten) as a development development area, with a development function as a Local, Provincial, National and International Service Center.

Geography

Solo is in the central part of Java, within province of

Central Java Central Java (, ) is a Provinces of Indonesia, province of Indonesia, located in the middle of the island of Java. Its administrative capital is Semarang. It is bordered by West Java in the west, the Indian Ocean and the Special Region of Yogya ...

near

Special Region of Yogyakarta The Special Region of Yogyakarta is a province-level special region of Indonesia in southern Java. It is a semi-enclave that is surrounded by on the landward side by Central Java Province to the west, north, and east, but has a long coastline ...

Economy

The economy of Solo raya

agriculture Agriculture encompasses crop and livestock production, aquaculture, and forestry for food and non-food products. Agriculture was a key factor in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created ...

commonly in

Klaten Regency Klaten is a Regencies of Indonesia, regency (''kabupaten'') in the Indonesia, Indonesian province of Central Java. Klaten is situated between the two major cities of Yogyakarta to its Southwest and Surakarta (colloqially known as Solo) to its No ...

and

Bantul Regency Bantul (; ) is a regency located in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. It is located on the island of Java. The regency's population was 911,503 at the 2010 Census,Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011. but has risen to 985,770 at the 202 ...

. However, urban activities such as higher education, trade, tourism, art and handicraft industries are sharply increase with focus on the city of

Transportation

Solo is served by

Adisumarmo Airport Adisoemarmo Airport is a domestic airport serving Surakarta, the second-largest city in Central Java, Indonesia, as well as the surrounding areas. The airport is actually not located within Surakarta’s city limits; it is situated in Boyolali ...

. There are two main railway stations:

Solo Balapan railway station Solo Balapan Station (also known as Balapan Station, station code SLO) is a major List of railway stations in Indonesia, railway station in Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. The name "Balapan" is taken from the name of a village which is loc ...

and

Solo Jebres railway station Solo Jebres Station,KAI still maintains the procedure for the station's name writing, according to the ''Buku Jarak'' (Distance Book) dan ''Daftar Waktu'' (The Timetable) books, as Solojebres, which is also used as a medium of inter-station commu ...

. Solo is considered one of the major hubs that link the west–east main railway route in Java island. Solo Balapan Station is the main train station located in the center, and Selo Jebres Station is the second train station in the city. The two stations have their own schedule to and from other cities on Java island. The

KAI Commuter Yogyakarta Line KAI Commuter Yogyakarta Line (also called KRL Commuterline Yogyakarta–Solo, informally KRL Jogja–Solo, KRL Solo–Jogja or KRL Joglo), officially the Yogyakarta Commuter Line, is a commuter rail system in Indonesia serving Greater Yogyakarta ...

electric commuter rail system operates from

Yogyakarta Yogyakarta is the capital city of the Special Region of Yogyakarta in Indonesia, in the south-central part of the island of Java. As the only Indonesian royal city still ruled by Hamengkubuwono, a monarchy, Yogyakarta is regarded as an importan ...

. Since 2010, the government of Central Java launched a bus rapid transit system, the

Batik Solo Trans Batik Solo Trans (abbreviated BST) is a bus rapid transit system serving the city of Surakarta, Central Java. Launched in 2010, it currently operates 12 corridors. Summary Batik Solo Trans was launched on 1 September 2010 by then-mayor of Surak ...

, which connects places in and around Solo Raya, including the airport and Kartasyra Bus Terminal.

Government and politics

Solo raya is administered by one city government (city of

), and two regency governments such as. The joint secretariate is organized into three management layers. The first layer consist of political executives representation from the city and both regencies. The second layer consist of group senior administrative officers from the city and both regencies. The third layer consists of technical officers. The joint secretariat also intended on managing infrastructure at cross-regional borders, which are (1) road infrastructure, (2) waste management, (3) transportation, (4) clean (drinking) water, (5) drainage and sewerage, and (6) spatial planning.

References

{{improve categories, date=September 2024 Metropolitan areas of Indonesia