type theory In mathematics and theoretical computer science, a type theory is the formal presentation of a specific type system. Type theory is the academic study of type systems. Some type theories serve as alternatives to set theory as a foundation of ...

and

functional programming In computer science, functional programming is a programming paradigm where programs are constructed by Function application, applying and Function composition (computer science), composing Function (computer science), functions. It is a declarat ...

, a stream is a potentially infinite analog of a

list A list is a Set (mathematics), set of discrete items of information collected and set forth in some format for utility, entertainment, or other purposes. A list may be memorialized in any number of ways, including existing only in the mind of t ...

, given by the coinductive definition: data Stream α = Nil , Cons α (Stream α) Generating and computing with streams requires

lazy evaluation In programming language theory, lazy evaluation, or call-by-need, is an evaluation strategy which delays the evaluation of an Expression (computer science), expression until its value is needed (non-strict evaluation) and which avoids repeated eva ...

, either implicitly in a lazily evaluated language or by creating and forcing

thunk In computer programming Computer programming or coding is the composition of sequences of instructions, called computer program, programs, that computers can follow to perform tasks. It involves designing and implementing algorithms, step-by- ...

s in an eager language. In

total language Total functional programming (also known as strong functional programming, to be contrasted with ordinary, or ''weak'' functional programming) is a programming paradigm that restricts the range of programs to those that are provably terminating. ...

s they must be defined as

codata The Committee on Data of the International Science Council (CODATA) was established in 1966 as the Committee on Data for Science and Technology, originally part of the International Council of Scientific Unions, now part of the International ...

and can be iterated over using (guarded)

corecursion In computer science, corecursion is a type of operation that is Dual (category theory), dual to recursion (computer science), recursion. Whereas recursion works analysis, analytically, starting on data further from a base case and breaking it dow ...

Java Java is one of the Greater Sunda Islands in Indonesia. It is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the south and the Java Sea (a part of Pacific Ocean) to the north. With a population of 156.9 million people (including Madura) in mid 2024, proje ...

provides the interface under the namespace.

JavaScript JavaScript (), often abbreviated as JS, is a programming language and core technology of the World Wide Web, alongside HTML and CSS. Ninety-nine percent of websites use JavaScript on the client side for webpage behavior. Web browsers have ...

provides the , and interfaces. Python have the and classes in the module.

.NET The .NET platform (pronounced as "''dot net"'') is a free and open-source, managed code, managed computer software framework for Microsoft Windows, Windows, Linux, and macOS operating systems. The project is mainly developed by Microsoft emplo ...

provides the abstract class which is implemented by classes such as and . In

Rust Rust is an iron oxide, a usually reddish-brown oxide formed by the reaction of iron and oxygen in the catalytic presence of water or air moisture. Rust consists of hydrous iron(III) oxides (Fe2O3·nH2O) and iron(III) oxide-hydroxide (FeO(OH) ...

a struct can implement the trait. There is also the struct wraps an in-memory buffer.

References

Type theory Functional programming Functional data structures {{plt-stub

See also

References