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''Steatocranus'' is a genus of small rheophilic 
Two species, '' S. casuarius'' (also known as the lionhead or buffalohead cichlid) and '' S. tinanti'' are relatively common in the
There are currently ten recognized species in this genus, but ''S. irvinei'' belongs elsewhere; in 2019 it was proposed to move it to its own genus, ''Paragobiocichla''.
* ''
cichlid
Cichlids are fish from the family Cichlidae in the order Cichliformes. Cichlids were traditionally classed in a suborder, the Labroidei, along with the wrasses ( Labridae), in the order Perciformes, but molecular studies have contradicted this ...
s mostly native to the Congo River Basin in DR Congo
The Democratic Republic of the Congo (french: République démocratique du Congo (RDC), colloquially "La RDC" ), informally Congo-Kinshasa, DR Congo, the DRC, the DROC, or the Congo, and formerly and also colloquially Zaire, is a country in ...
/ Congo Brazzaville, although one species, '' S. irvinei'', is restricted to the Volta River in Ghana and Burkino Faso
Burkina Faso (, ; , ff, 𞤄𞤵𞤪𞤳𞤭𞤲𞤢 𞤊𞤢𞤧𞤮, italic=no) is a landlocked country in West Africa with an area of , bordered by Mali to the northwest, Niger to the northeast, Benin to the southeast, Togo and Ghana to the ...
, and it belongs in a separate genus.Dunz, A.R., and Schliewen, U.K. (2013). Molecular phylogeny and revised classification of the haplotilapiine cichlid fishes formerly referred to as “Tilapia”. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, online 29 March 2013. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2013.03.015 There are also at least 10 undescribed species in the Congo River basin awaiting scientific description.
The fish in this genus all have relatively reduced swim bladder
The swim bladder, gas bladder, fish maw, or air bladder is an internal gas-filled Organ (anatomy), organ that contributes to the ability of many bony fish (but not cartilaginous fish) to control their buoyancy, and thus to stay at their curren ...
function. The name ''Steatocranus'' refers to the fatty deposit on the forehead of most species.
Two species, '' S. casuarius'' (also known as the lionhead or buffalohead cichlid) and '' S. tinanti'' are relatively common in the aquarium
An aquarium (plural: ''aquariums'' or ''aquaria'') is a vivarium of any size having at least one transparent side in which aquatic plants or animals are kept and displayed. Fishkeepers use aquaria to keep fish, invertebrates, amphibians, aq ...
trade.
As for other cichlids brood care is highly developed and both sexes are involved in raising the young. All ''Steatocranus'' species are secretive cave spawners and form monogamous
Monogamy ( ) is a form of Dyad (sociology), dyadic Intimate relationship, relationship in which an individual has only one Significant other, partner during their lifetime. Alternately, only one partner at any one time (Monogamy#Serial monogamy, ...
pairs for breeding. The female is more actively involved in fry raising, while the male is primarily concerned with territorial defence.
Species
There are currently ten recognized species in this genus, but ''S. irvinei'' belongs elsewhere; in 2019 it was proposed to move it to its own genus, ''Paragobiocichla''.
* ''Steatocranus bleheri
''Steatocranus bleheri'' is species of cichlid only found in the Kafubu River system, which is part of the Luapula drainage in the upper Congo River basin, in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Africa. This species can reach a length of TL. ...
'' M. K. Meyer, 1993
* ''Steatocranus casuarius
''Steatocranus'' is a genus of small rheophilic cichlids mostly native to the Congo River Basin in DR Congo/Congo Brazzaville, although one species, '' S. irvinei'', is restricted to the Volta River in Ghana and Burkino Faso, and it belongs in a ...
'' Poll, 1939 (Lionhead cichlid)
* ''Steatocranus gibbiceps
''Steatocranus gibbiceps'' is species of cichlid native to the Malebo Pool and lower parts of the Congo River in Africa. This species can reach a length of TL.
References
External links
''Steatocranus gibbiceps'' Boulenger, 1899- Global Bio ...
'' Boulenger Boulenger is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Benjamin Boulenger (born 1990), French footballer
* Edward George Boulenger (1888–1946), British zoologist, director of aquarium at London Zoo
* George Albert Boulenger (1858–1 ...
, 1899
* ''Steatocranus glaber
''Steatocranus'' is a genus of small rheophilic cichlids mostly native to the Congo River Basin in DR Congo/Congo Brazzaville, although one species, '' S. irvinei'', is restricted to the Volta River in Ghana and Burkino Faso, and it belongs in a ...
'' T. R. Roberts & D. J. Stewart
Demetrius Jerome Stewart (born November 30, 1993) is an American professional baseball outfielder for the New York Mets of Major League Baseball (MLB). He has previously played in MLB for the Baltimore Orioles. Stewart played college baseball fo ...
, 1976
* ''Steatocranus irvinei
''Steatocranus'' is a genus of small rheophilic cichlids mostly native to the Congo River Basin in DR Congo/Congo Brazzaville, although one species, '' S. irvinei'', is restricted to the Volta River in Ghana and Burkino Faso, and it belongs in a ...
'' ( Trewavas, 1943)
* ''Steatocranus masalamasoso
''Steatocranus'' is a genus of small rheophilic cichlids mostly native to the Congo River Basin in DR Congo/Congo Brazzaville, although one species, '' S. irvinei'', is restricted to the Volta River in Ghana and Burkino Faso, and it belongs in a ...
'' Zamba ''et al.'', 2022
* ''Steatocranus mpozoensis
''Steatocranus'' is a genus of small rheophilic cichlids mostly native to the Congo River Basin in DR Congo/Congo Brazzaville, although one species, '' S. irvinei'', is restricted to the Volta River in Ghana and Burkino Faso, and it belongs in a ...
'' T. R. Roberts & D. J. Stewart
Demetrius Jerome Stewart (born November 30, 1993) is an American professional baseball outfielder for the New York Mets of Major League Baseball (MLB). He has previously played in MLB for the Baltimore Orioles. Stewart played college baseball fo ...
, 1976
* ''Steatocranus rouxi
''Steatocranus'' is a genus of small rheophilic cichlids mostly native to the Congo River Basin in DR Congo/Congo Brazzaville, although one species, '' S. irvinei'', is restricted to the Volta River in Ghana and Burkino Faso, and it belongs in a ...
'' ( Pellegrin, 1928)
* ''Steatocranus tinanti
''Steatocranus'' is a genus of small rheophilic cichlids mostly native to the Congo River Basin in DR Congo/Congo Brazzaville, although one species, '' S. irvinei'', is restricted to the Volta River in Ghana and Burkino Faso, and it belongs in a ...
'' ( Poll, 1939)
* '' Steatocranus ubanguiensis'' T. R. Roberts & D. J. Stewart
Demetrius Jerome Stewart (born November 30, 1993) is an American professional baseball outfielder for the New York Mets of Major League Baseball (MLB). He has previously played in MLB for the Baltimore Orioles. Stewart played college baseball fo ...
, 1976
References
{{Taxonbar, from=Q135247 Pseudocrenilabrinae Fishkeeping Cichlid genera Taxa named by George Albert Boulenger