The Imperial Order of Saint Anna (; also "Order of Saint Anne" or "Order of Saint Ann") was a

Holstein Holstein (; ; ; ; ) is the region between the rivers Elbe and Eider (river), Eider. It is the southern half of Schleswig-Holstein, the northernmost States of Germany, state of Germany. Holstein once existed as the German County of Holstein (; 8 ...

ducal and then

Russia Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders ...

n imperial

order of chivalry An order of chivalry, order of knighthood, chivalric order, or equestrian order is a society, fellowship and college of knights, typically founded during or inspired by the original Catholic military orders of the Crusades ( 1099–1291) and ...

. It was established by

Karl Friedrich, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp Charles Frederick, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp () (30 April 1700 – 18 June 1739) was a Prince of Sweden and Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp and an important member of European royalty. His dynasty, the Dukes of Schleswig-Holstein-Gott ...

, on 14 February 1735, in honour of his wife

Anna Petrovna Grand Duchess Anna Petrovna of Russia (; 27 January 1708 – 4 March 1728) was the eldest daughter of Peter the Great, Emperor Peter I of Russia and his wife Catherine I of Russia, Empress Catherine I. Her younger sister, Elizabeth of Russ ...

, daughter of

Peter the Great Peter I (, ; – ), better known as Peter the Great, was the Sovereign, Tsar and Grand Prince of all Russia, Tsar of all Russia from 1682 and the first Emperor of Russia, Emperor of all Russia from 1721 until his death in 1725. He reigned j ...

of Russia. Originally, the Order of Saint Anna was a

dynastic order of knighthood A dynastic order, monarchical order, or house order is an honorific distinction under royal patronage. This type of order is bestowed by a reigning sovereign or by the head of a formerly ruling family, recognized as a legitimate source of hono ...

; but between 1797 and 1917 it had dual status as a dynastic order and as a state order. The Order of St. Anna continued to be awarded after the revolution by Grand Duke Kirill Vladimirovich, Grand Duke Vladimir Kirillovich, and Grand Duchess Maria Vladimirovna. Today, the Russian Imperial Order of St. Anna, awarded by Grand Duchess Maria Vladimirovna is recognized as an order of chivalry by the privately operated ICOC as a continuation of the pre-Revolutionary order, and has been approved for wear with military uniform by the Russian Federation, but not by some members of the Romanov Family Association. Membership of the Order was awarded for a distinguished career in civil service or for valour and distinguished service in the military. The Order of Saint Anna entitled recipients of the first class to hereditary nobility, and recipients of lower classes to personal nobility. For military recipients, it was awarded with swords. It is now usually awarded for meritorious service to the Imperial House of Russia. Recipients of the

Order of St. Andrew The Order of Saint Andrew the Apostle the First-Called () is the highest order conferred by both the Russian Imperial Family (as an order of chivalry) and by the Russian Federation (as a state order). Established as the first and highest order ...

(K.A.) (including grand dukes, who received the order at baptism, and princes of the Imperial blood, who received it at their majority) simultaneously received the first class of the Order of Saint Anna. The Emperor himself was the hereditary grand master of the Order. The motto of the Order is "Amantibus Justitiam, Pietatem, Fidem" ("To those who love justice, piety, and fidelity"). Its festival day is 3 February (New Style, 16 February). The Head of the Imperial House of Russia always is Master of the imperial Order of Saint Anna.

History

At first, the Order had but one class and was named the "Order of Anna". The statutes of the Order promulgated in 1735 established as the principal insignia a red- enameled gold cross, with an image of

Saint Anne According to apocrypha, as well as Christianity, Christian and Islamic tradition, Saint Anne was the mother of Mary, mother of Jesus, Mary, the wife of Joachim and the maternal grandmother of Jesus. Mary's mother is not named in the Bible's Gosp ...

imposed upon the centre of the cross; the reverse bore the initials "A.I.P.F." (for "Anna Imperatoris Petri Filia": "Anna, Emperor Peter's daughter" in Latin). The same letters also abbreviate the Latin motto (as the letter "J" did not exist in Latin, "Iustitiam" was the original spelling of the word now rendered "Justitiam"). In 1742, Karl Peter Ulrich, Duke Karl Friedrich's son, was declared the Russian

heir apparent An heir apparent is a person who is first in the order of succession and cannot be displaced from inheriting by the birth of another person. A person who is first in the current order of succession but could be displaced by the birth of a more e ...

. After arriving in Russia, he presented the Order to several courtiers. On 15 April 1797, his own son, Emperor

Paul I of Russia Paul I (; – ) was Emperor of Russia from 1796 until his assassination in 1801. Paul remained overshadowed by his mother, Catherine the Great, for most of his life. He adopted the Pauline Laws, laws of succession to the Russian throne—rules ...

, established the Order as part of the

Imperial Russia Imperial is that which relates to an empire, emperor/empress, or imperialism. Imperial or The Imperial may also refer to: Places United States * Imperial, California * Imperial, Missouri * Imperial, Nebraska * Imperial, Pennsylvania * ...

n system of honours and divided it into three classes, renaming it the "Order of Saint Anna". Emperor

Alexander I Alexander I may refer to: * Alexander I of Macedon, king of Macedon from 495 to 454 BC * Alexander I of Epirus (370–331 BC), king of Epirus * Alexander I Theopator Euergetes, surnamed Balas, ruler of the Seleucid Empire 150-145 BC * Pope Alex ...

added a fourth class in 1815. The title of

Chekhov Anton Pavlovich Chekhov (; ; 29 January 1860 – 15 July 1904) was a Russian playwright and short-story writer, widely considered to be one of the greatest writers of all time. His career as a playwright produced four classics, and his b ...

's well-known story ''

Anna on the Neck "Anna on the Neck" () is an 1895 short story by Anton Chekhov Publication Chekhov sent the story to Vasily Sobolevsky, the '' Russkiye Vedomosti''s editor, on 15 October 1895.Dolotova, L.M., Ornatskaya, T.ICommentaries to Анна на шее The ...

'' refers both to the Order and to the heroine. In Chapter IV of

Crime and Punishment ''Crime and Punishment'' is a novel by the Russian author Fyodor Dostoevsky. It was first published in the literary journal '' The Russian Messenger'' in twelve monthly installments during 1866.

, Raskolnikov guesses that Luzhin must have, "...the Anna in his buttonhole and that he puts it on when he goes to dine with contractors or merchants."

Insignia

Image:Anna1st.jpg, Order of St. Anna, 1st class Image:Anna2nd.jpg, Order of St. Anna, 2nd class (The example shown is "with swords", for bravery in battle, and crown) Image:Anna3rd.jpg, Order of St. Anna, 3rd class Image:Anna4th.jpg, Order of St. Anna, 4th class (The insignia with imperial eagle would have been awarded to a non-Christian, for whom a Christian cross was deemed inappropriate)

Methods of wear

* 1st class: Cross worn at the bow of a broad ribbon (ten centimeters wide, worn over the left shoulder), on the right hip; star of the Order (about 95 millimeters in diameter) worn on the right breast * 2nd class: Cross worn on a neck ribbon, 45 millimeters wide * 3rd class: Cross worn on the left ribbon, suspended from a ribbon 28 millimeters wide * 4th class: Cross borne on the pommel of an edged weapon, together with a silver-tasselled sword-knot of the ribbon of the Order The medal ribbon was red with narrow yellow edging. A recipient of higher classes of the Order would not wear the insignia of lower classes, unless he had also been awarded the fourth class (the insignia of which was borne on the hilt of a sword or other edged weapon).

Bibliography

Alan W. Hazelton, ''The Russian Imperial Orders''; New York: The American Numismatic Society, 1932 (Numismatic Notes and Monograms, No. 51). Guy Stair Sainty (Ed.) “World Orders of Knighthood and Merit” London: Burke's Peerage, 2006.

Notable recipients

;1st Class *

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* Nikolai Filatov *

Vladimir Nikolayevich Filipov Vladimir Nikolayevich Filipov (2 November 1838 – 12 May 1903) was an Imperial Russian lieutenant general, brigade, division and corps commander. He took part in the suppression of the uprising in Poland and in the war against the Ottoman Empir ...

Vasily Flug Vasily Egorovich Flug (; March 19, 1860 – December 3, 1955) was an Imperial Russian Army General of the Infantry. A career military officer, he served in the Boxer Rebellion, Russo-Japanese War, and World War I, before joining the White movemen ...

* Dmitry Gustavovich von Fölkersahm *

Francis IV, Duke of Modena Francis IV Joseph Charles Ambrose Stanislaus (Italian: ''Francesco IV Giuseppe Carlo Ambrogio Stanislao d'Asburgo-Este''; 6 October 1779 – 21 January 1846) was Duke of Modena, Reggio, and Mirandola (from 1815), Duke of Massa and Prince of ...

Franz Joseph I of Austria Franz Joseph I or Francis Joseph I ( ; ; 18 August 1830 – 21 November 1916) was Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary, and the ruler of the Grand title of the emperor of Austria, other states of the Habsburg monarchy from 1848 until his death ...

Archduke Franz Karl of Austria Archduke Franz Karl Joseph of Austria (17 December 1802 – 8 March 1878) was a member of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine. He was the father of two emperors: Franz Joseph I of Austria and Maximilian I of Mexico. Through his third son Karl Lud ...

Frederik VIII of Denmark Frederik VIII (; 3 June 1843 – 14 May 1912) was King of Denmark from 29 January 1906 until his death in 1912. As the eldest son of King Christian IX, nicknamed the '' Father-in-law of Europe'', Frederick was related to royalty throughout E ...

Frederick Francis III, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin Frederick Francis III (; 19 March 1851 – 10 April 1897) was the penultimate Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. Biography He was born in Schloss Ludwigslust as the son of Frederick Francis II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and his first ...

Frederick I, Grand Duke of Baden Frederick I (; 9 September 1826 – 28 September 1907) was the Grand Duke of Baden from 1858 to 1907. Life Frederick was born in Karlsruhe, Baden, on 9 September 1826. He was the third son of Leopold, Grand Duke of Baden and Princess ...

Archduke Friedrich, Duke of Teschen Archduke Friedrich, Duke of Teschen (Friedrich Maria Albrecht Wilhelm Karl; 4 June 1856 – 30 December 1936) was a member of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine and the Supreme Commander of the Imperial and Royal Armed Forces of the Austro-Hungaria ...

Friedrich, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg Friedrich, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg (23 October 1814 – 27 November 1885) was the third Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg from 1878 to 1885. Friedrich was the second-eldest son of Friedrich Wilhelm, Duke o ...

Ivan Fullon Ivan Alexandrovich Fullon (July 23 (Aug. 4), 1844 – 1920) was an Imperial Russian division and corps commander. He participated in the suppression of the rebellion in Poland and the war against the Ottoman Empire. Before the Russian Revolution o ...

* Vasily Gabashvili *

Apollon Galafeyev Apollon Vasilyevich Galafeyev () (1793–1853) was a decorated Russian general. Apollon Galafeyev was born into a noble family in Tambov guberniya. After having received his education at the 1st Cadet Corps, he graduated in the rank of podporuchi ...

* Yermolay Gamper *

Ivan Ganetsky Ivan Stepanovich Ganetsky (October 8, 1810 – 1887) was an Imperial Russian division commander. He fought in wars in the Caucasus, Poland and against the Ottoman Empire. Biography Born on 26 September (8 October) 1810 in the noble dvoryan Ganet ...

Ivan Gannibal Ivan Abramovich Gannibal (; 5 June 1735 – 12 October 1801) was a Russian military leader. He was the son of military commander, general and engineer Abram Petrovich Gannibal, as well as the great-uncle of Russia's most famous poet, Alexander ...

Charles Gascoigne Charles Gascoigne (1737–1806) was a British industrialist at the beginning of the Industrial Revolution. Gascoigne was an architect, mechanic, inventor, businessman and industrialist. He spent the final twenty years of his life in the Russian ...

* Gavriil Gagarin *

George V George V (George Frederick Ernest Albert; 3 June 1865 – 20 January 1936) was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 6 May 1910 until Death and state funeral of George V, his death in 1936. George w ...

Aleksandr Gerngross Freiherr, Baron Alexandr Alekseyevich Gerngross () (4 August 1851 – 17 March 1925) was a general of Dutch people, Dutch descent who served in the Imperial Russian Army during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Biography Gerngross was from ...

* Alexander Gertsyk * Alexander von Güldenstubbe *

August Neidhardt von Gneisenau August Wilhelm Antonius Graf Neidhardt von Gneisenau (27 October 176023 August 1831) was a Prussian field marshal. He was a prominent figure in the reform of the Prussian military and the War of Liberation. Early life Gneisenau was born at Schi ...

Vasily Golovnin Vasily Mikhailovich Golovnin (Russian: Василий Михайлович Головнин; , Gulyniki, Ryazan Oblast – , Saint Petersburg) was a Russian navigator, Vice Admiral, and corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences ( ...

Vladimir Gorbatovsky Vladimir Nikolayevich Gorbatovsky (; – 30 July 1924) was an Imperial Russian army commander. He fought in the wars against the Ottoman Empire and the Empire of Japan. Gorbatovsky commanded the Twelfth Army during the Lake Naroch offensive. ...

* Eugène Goüin *

Ivan Grigorovich Ivan Konstantinovich Grigorovich () (26 January 1853 – 3 March 1930) served as Imperial Russia's last Naval Minister from 1911 until the onset of the 1917 revolution. Early career Grigorovich was from a Russian noble family and opted for a ...

Oskar Gripenberg Oskar Ferdinand Gripenberg (; 13 January 1838 – 7 January 1916) was a Finnish-Swedish general of the Russian Second Manchurian Army during the Russo-Japanese War. Biography Oskar Ferdinand Gripenberg was born in Ikaalinen (Swedish: Ikalis), G ...

Gustaf V Gustaf V (Oscar Gustaf Adolf; 16 June 1858 – 29 October 1950) was King of Sweden from 8 December 1907 until his death in 1950. He was the eldest son of King Oscar II of Sweden and Sophia of Nassau, a half-sister of Adolphe, Grand Duke of Luxe ...

Gustaf VI Adolf Gustaf VI Adolf (Oscar Fredrik Wilhelm Olaf Gustaf Adolf; 11 November 1882 – 15 September 1973) was King of Sweden from 29 October 1950 until his death in 1973. He was the eldest son of Gustaf V and his wife, Victoria of Baden. Before Gustaf ...

Gustav, Prince of Vasa Gustav, Prince of Vasa (; 9 November 1799 – 4 August/5 August 1877), born Crown Prince of Sweden, was the son of King Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden and Queen Frederica. His Austrian princely title (from 1829) was actually spelled ''Wasa''. Life and ...

Haakon VII of Norway Haakon VII (; 3 August 187221 September 1957) was King of Norway from 18 November 1905 until his death in 1957. The future Haakon VII was born in Copenhagen as Prince Carl of Denmark. He was the second son of the Crown Prince and Crown Princess ...

Sir Robert Hart, 1st Baronet Sir Robert Hart, 1st Baronet, (20 February 1835 – 20 September 1911) was a British diplomat and official in the Qing Chinese government, serving as the second inspector-general of China's Imperial Maritime Custom Service from 1863 to 1911. ...

Lodewijk van Heiden Lodewijk Sigismund Vincent Gustaaf Reichsgraf van Heiden (; ; 6 September 1773 – 17 October 1850) was a Dutch naval officer and Orangism (Dutch Republic), Orangist who went into exile from the Batavian Republic and served in the Russian N ...

* Prince Heinrich of Hesse and by Rhine * Herbert Holman *

Dmitry Horvat Dmitry Leonidovich Horvat ( – 16 May 1937) was a Russian lieutenant general and railway engineer who worked on and led various sections of the Russian Empires railways during his career. During the Russian Civil War he became one of the le ...

Alexander Ievreinov Alexander Iosafovich Ievreinov (, August 28, 1851 – 1929) was an Imperial Russian brigade, division and corps commander. He was made a captain in 1881, a Podpolkovnik (lieutenant colonel) in 1885, a Polkovnik (colonel) in 1889, a major general i ...

* Gavriil Ignatyev *

Illarion Vasilchikov Illarion Illarionovich Vasilchikov (1805 – 12 November 1862) was an Imperial Russian general and the great grandson of emperor Alexander I of Russia. He was the son of Illarion Vasilyevich Vasilchikov and Vera Vasilchikova. He was the father ...

Alexander Imeretinsky Alexander Konstantinovich Bagration-Imeretinsky ( ka, ალექსანდრე კონსტანტინეს ძე ბაგრატიონ-იმერეტინსკი (''Aleksandre Konstantines dze Bagration-Imeretinski' ...

Yevgeni Iskritsky Yevgeni Andreyevich Iskritsky (; ; August 15, 1874 – July 27, 1949) was a Russian and Soviet military commander, author, teacher, a hero of the First World War, lieutenant general in the Imperial Russian army, who fell in with the winning side ...

Nikola Ivanov Nikola Ivanov Ivanov () (2 March 1861, Kalofer – 10 September 1940, Sofia) was a Bulgarian general and a minister of defence of the Principality of Bulgaria. One of the first graduate of the General Staff Military Academy of St Petersbu ...

* Grigory Ivanovich Villamov *

Archduke John of Austria Archduke John of Austria (, ; (or simply ''Nadvojvoda Janez''); 20 January 1782 – 11 May 1859), a member of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine, was an Austrian field marshal and imperial regent (''Reichsverweser'') of the short-lived German Emp ...

Prince Johann of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg Prince Johann of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg (5 December 1825 – 27 May 1911) was the ninth of the ten children of Friedrich Wilhelm, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg and Princess Louise Caroline of Hesse-Kasse ...

John VI of Portugal '' Dom'' John VI (; 13 May 1767 – 10 March 1826), known as "the Clement" (), was King of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves from 1816 to 1825, and after the recognition of Brazil's independence, titular Emperor of Brazil ...

Joseph, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg Joseph (Joseph Georg Friedrich Ernst Karl; 27 August 1789 – 25 November 1868) was Duke of Saxe-Altenburg from 1834 to 1848. Biography Joseph was the second but first surviving son of Frederick, Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen (of Saxe-Altenburg f ...

Georg von Kameke Arnold Karl Georg von Kameke (14 April 1817, in Pasewalk – 12 October 1893, in Berlin) was a Prussian General of the Infantry and Minister of War. Life Arnold Karl Georg von Kameke was the son of Prussian army officer Georg Christian Fried ...

Kyprian Kandratovich Kipryian Antonovich Kandratovich (, Kipryjan Kandratovič, ), (April 29, 1859 – October 31, 1932) was an Imperial Russian corps commander and the appointed commander of the armed forces of the short-lived Belarusian Democratic Republic. Born in ...

Nikolay Karamzin Nikolay Mikhailovich Karamzin () was a Russian historian, writer, poet and critic. He is best remembered for his fundamental ''History of the Russian State'', a 12-volume national history. Early life Karamzin was born in the small village of ...

Karl Anton, Prince of Hohenzollern Karl Anton von Hohenzollern may refer to: *Karl Anton, Prince of Hohenzollern (born 1811), reigning Prince of Hohenzollern and Prussian prime minister *Prince Karl Anton of Hohenzollern (born 1868) Prince Karl Anton of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen ( ...

* Karl, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg *

Prince Karl Theodor of Bavaria Prince Karl Theodor Maximilian August of Bavaria (7 July 1795 – 16 August 1875); and grand prior of the order of Malta, was a Bavarian soldier. Early life Charles was born in Munich on 7 July 1795. He was the second son of King Maximil ...

Nikolai Kashtalinsky Nikolay Aleksandrovich Kashtalinsky () (1840 – April 17, 1917) was a general in the Imperial Russian Army during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He fought in the Russo-Turkish War (1877-1878), Russo-Japanese War of 1904–1905, and in Wo ...

* Alexander von Kaulbars * Paisi Kaysarov *

Gustav von Kessel Gustav Emil Bernhard Bodo von Kessel (6 April 1846 – 28 May 1918) was a German general who served in the Austro-Prussian War, the Franco-Prussian War and World War I. Biography Gustav von Kessel was born on 6 April 1846 in Potsdam, Prussia. He ...

* Terence Keyes * Pyotr Kikin *

Jan Hendrik van Kinsbergen Jan Hendrik van Kinsbergen, Count of Doggerbank (1 May 1735 – 24 May 1819), was a Dutch naval officer. Having had a good scientific education, Van Kinsbergen was a proponent of fleet modernization and wrote many books about naval organization, ...

* Vladimir Kislitsin *

Hans von Koester Hans Ludwig Raimund von Koester (29 April 1844 – 21 February 1928) was a German naval officer who served in the Prussian Navy and later in the Imperial German Navy. He retired as a Grand Admiral. Career overview Born Hans Ludwig Raimund Koester ...

Alexander Kolchak Admiral Alexander Vasilyevich Kolchak (; – 7 February 1920) was a Russian navy officer and polar explorer who led the White movement in the Russian Civil War. As he assumed the title of Supreme Ruler of Russia in 1918, Kolchak headed a mili ...

Grand Duke Konstantin Konstantinovich of Russia Grand Duke Konstantin Konstantinovich of Russia ( rus, Константи́н Константи́нович, p=kənstɐnʲˈtʲin kənstɐnʲˈtʲinəvʲɪtɕ, a=Konstantin Konstantinovich Romanov.ru.vorb.oga; 22 August 1858 – 15 June 1915 ...

Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolayevich of Russia Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolayevich of Russia (; 21 September 1827 – 25 January 1892) was the Emperor's Viceroy of Poland from 1862 to 1863 and a general admiral of the Imperial Russian Navy. Early life Konstantin Nikolayevich was born as ...

Grand Duke Konstantin Pavlovich of Russia Konstantin Pavlovich (; ) was a grand duke of Russia and the second son of Emperor Paul I and Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg. He was the heir-presumptive for most of his elder brother Alexander I's reign, but had secretly renounced his cla ...

Konstantin Poltoratsky Konstantin Markovich Poltoratsky (; May 30, 1782 – March 15, 1858) was a Yaroslavl Governorate, Yaroslavl Military and Civil Governor (1830–1842), lieutenant general of the Imperial Russian Army, a participant of five wars, including the Frenc ...

Konstantin of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst The first name Konstantin () is a derivation from the Latin name '' Constantinus'' ( Constantine) in some European languages, such as Bulgarian, Russian, Estonian and German. As a Christian given name, it refers to the memory of the Roman emperor ...

* Apostol Kostanda *

Wincenty Krasiński Count Wincenty Krasiński (5 April 1782 – 24 November 1858) was a Polish nobleman (szlachcic), political activist and military leader. He was the father of Zygmunt Krasiński, one of Poland's Three Bards—Poland's greatest romantic poets ...

* Vasily Kravkov *

Gerhard Christoph von Krogh Gerhard Christoph von Krogh (10 October 1785 – 12 April 1860) was a Danish nobleman and military officer. He served as a General and was the Danish Supreme Commander during the First Schleswig War. His victory at the Battle of Isted, was at ...

Aleksey Kuropatkin Aleksey Nikolayevich Kuropatkin (; March 29, 1848January 16, 1925) was a Russian politician and military officer who served as the Russian Imperial Minister of War from January 1898 to February 1904 and as a field commander subsequently. Hist ...

Aglay Dmitriyevich Kuzmin-Korovaev Aglay Dmitriyevich Kuzmin-Korovaev (23 May 1864 – 1918) was an Imperial Russian lieutenant general and division commander. He was the younger brother of Vladimir Kuzmin-Karavayev.Семь веков служат отечеству, с. 19 Awa ...

Kyrill (Dmitrieff) Archbishop Kyrill (, secular name Boris Mikhailovich Dmitriyev or Dmitrieff, ; born 24 November 1954), is the ruling bishop of the Western American Diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia (ROCOR). Biography He was born on November ...

Sergey Stepanovich Lanskoy Sergey Stepanovich Lanskoy (; - ) was the Russian Minister of the Interior from 1855 to 1861, being inaugurated during a reform-minded era and dismissed after the Emancipation Reform of 1861. He is known for being close friends with Nikolay Mil ...

Pavel Pavlovich Lebedev Pavel Pavlovich Lebedev (; 21 April 1872 – 2 July 1933) was a Russian and Soviet military leader, Chief of the General Staff of the Soviet Army from 1919 to 1924. Biography He was born to a poor nobility, and was raised as a Russian Orthodox ...

Leonid Lesh Leonid Vilgelmovich Lesh (; 9 January 1862 – 28 August 1934) was an Imperial Russian Army commander. He served in the Boxer Rebellion, Russo Japanese War, and World War I. Lesh took over command of the Third Army during the Gorlice–Tarn ...

Leopold I of Belgium Leopold I (16 December 1790 – 10 December 1865) was the first king of the Belgians, reigning from 21 July 1831 until his death in 1865. The youngest son of Francis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, Leopold took a commission in the Imperial Rus ...

Leopold II of Belgium Leopold II (9 April 1835 – 17 December 1909) was the second king of the Belgians from 1865 to 1909, and the founder and sole owner of the Congo Free State from 1885 to 1908. Born in Brussels as the second but eldest-surviving son of King Leo ...

Leopold IV, Duke of Anhalt Leopold IV Frederick, Duke of Anhalt (1 October 179422 May 1871) was a German prince of the House of Ascania. From 1817 until 1853 he was ruler of the duchy of Anhalt-Dessau and from 1847 until 1853 also ruler of the duchy of Anhalt-Köthen. Fro ...

Alexander Mikhailovich Lermontov Alexander Mikhailovich Lermontov (27 February 1838 – 26 December 1906) was an Imperial Russian division commander. He participated in the war against the Ottoman Empire. Awards *Order of Saint Anna, 3rd class, 1863 *Order of Saint Stanislaus ...

George Maximilianovich, 6th Duke of Leuchtenberg Prince George Maximilianovich Romanowsky, 6th Duke of Leuchtenberg (29 February 1852 – 16 May 1912), also known as Prince Georgii Romanovsky or Georges de Beauharnais, was the youngest son of Maximilian de Beauharnais, 3rd Duke of Leuchtenberg a ...

Sergei Georgievich, 8th Duke of Leuchtenberg Prince Sergei Georgievich Romanowsky, 8th Duke of Leuchtenberg (4 July 1890 – 7 January 1974), was the son of Prince George Maximilianovich Romanowsky, 6th Duke of Leuchtenberg, and his second wife, Princess Anastasia of Montenegro. He succeede ...

* Kazimir Vasilevich Levitsky *

Émile Loubet Émile François Loubet (; 30 December 183820 December 1929) was the 45th Prime Minister of France from February to December 1892 and later President of France from 1899 to 1906. Trained in law, he became Mayor (France), mayor of Montélimar, w ...

*Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse *Prince Louis of Battenberg *Friedrich von Löwis of Menar *Archduke Ludwig Viktor of Austria *Luís I of Portugal *August von Mackensen *Sir Charles Madden, 1st Baronet *Safarbek Malsagov *Mamia V Gurieli * Manuel II of Portugal *Grigorios Maraslis *Grand Duchess Maria Vladimirovna of Russia *Maximilian I of Mexico *Leonid Maykov *Duke William of Mecklenburg-Schwerin *Duke Charles of Mecklenburg *Feofil Egorovich Meyendorf *Grand Duke Michael Nikolaevich of Russia *Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich of Russia *Miguel I of Portugal *Konstantin Mikhaylovsky *Prince Mikheil of Georgia *Milan I of Serbia *Mikhail Miloradovich *Prince Mirian of Georgia *Mikhail Mirkovich *Pavel Mishchenko *Miura Gorō *Sayyid Mir Muhammad Alim Khan *Alexander von Moller *Helmuth von Moltke the Elder *Helmuth von Moltke the Younger *Rudolf Montecuccoli *Nikolay Mordvinov (admiral) *Hendrik Pieter Nicolaas Muller *Mikhail Nikitich Muravyov *James Wolfe Murray *Valentin Musin-Pushkin *Ivan Nabokov *Dmitry Nadyozhny *Pavel Nakhimov *Napoleon III *Tovmas Nazarbekian *Dmitry Neverovsky *Vasily Nezabitovsky *Nicholas II of Russia *Nicholas Alexandrovich, Tsesarevich of Russia *Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich of Russia (1831–1891) *Arkady Nikanorovich Nishenkov *Vladimir Nikolayevich Nikitin *Alexander Nikolaevich Volzhin *Nikolai Stogov *August Ludwig von Nostitz *Nikolai Obolensky *Peter Obolyaninov *Georgy Orbeliani *Alexey Fyodorovich Orlov *David Ivanovich Orlov *Oscar II *Fabian Gottlieb von der Osten-Sacken *Archduke Otto of Austria (1865–1906) *Otto, King of Bavaria, Otto of Bavaria *José Paranhos, Viscount of Rio Branco *Viktor Pashutin *Duke Paul Frederick of Mecklenburg *Pedro V of Portugal *Maurice Pellé *Duke Peter of Oldenburg *Racho Petrov *Prince Philippe, Count of Flanders *Dmitry Pikhno *Georg Dubislav Ludwig von Pirch *Mikhail Mikhailovich Pleshkov *Carlo Andrea Pozzo di Borgo *Mohammad Shah Qajar *Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar *Naser al-Din Shah Qajar *Fyodor Radetsky *Evgeny Aleksandrovich Radkevich *Nikolai Pavlovich Raev *Kirill Razumovski *Nikolai Reitsenshtein *George Mikhailovich Romanov *Christopher Roop *Fyodor Rostopchin *Nikolay Rtishchev *Prince Rudolf of Liechtenstein *Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria *Adam Rzhevusky *Guillaume Emmanuel Guignard, vicomte de Saint-Priest *Vladimir Viktorovich Sakharov *Anton Yegorovich von Saltza *Alexander Samsonov *Pavel Savvich *Johan Eberhard von Schantz *Sergei Sheydeman *Eduard Schensnovich *Yakov Schkinsky *Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of Russia *Ivan Ivanovich Shamshev *Dmitry Shcherbachev *Ivan Shestakov *Aliagha Shikhlinski *Dmitry Shuvayev *Mikhail Skobelev *Arkady Skugarevsky *Vladimir Vasilyevich Smirnov *Mikhail Sokovin *Georg von Stackelberg *Archduke Stephen of Austria (Palatine of Hungary) *Hermann von Strantz *Dejan Subotić *Vladimir Sukhomlinov *Felix Sumarokov-Elston *Sylvester Stankievich *Ludwig Freiherr von und zu der Tann-Rathsamhausen *Alexander von Taube *Arshak Ter-Gukasov *Nikolai Tretyakov *Johann Nepomuk von Triva *Dmitry Troshchinsky *Erast Tsytovich *Georgy Tumanov *Fyodor Tyutchev *Paul Simon Unterberger *Prince Valdemar of Denmark *Sergei Vasilchikov *Georgy Vasmund *Nikolai Velyaminov *Anthony Veselovsky *Robert Viren *Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich of Russia *Grand Duke Vladimir Kirillovich of Russia *Nikita Volkonsky *Illarion Vorontsov-Dashkov *Nikolay Vuich *Alfred von Waldersee *Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington *Wilhelm II, German Emperor *William I, German Emperor *William II of Württemberg *Sergei Witte *Ludwig von Wolzogen *Duke Eugen of Württemberg (1788–1857) *Sir James Wylie, 1st Baronet *Nikolai Yanushkevich *Aleksey Yermolov (general), Aleksey Petrovich Yermolov *Nikolai Yudenich *Pavel Zelenoy *Ferdinand von Zeppelin *Arthur Zimmermann *August zu Eulenburg *Dmitry Zuyev * Alexander Pietrov ;2nd Class *Alois Lexa von Aehrenthal *Ilyas bey Aghalarov *Akiyama Yoshifuru *Harold Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis * Alexei Arbuzov (general) *Alfred, 2nd Prince of Montenuovo *Władysław Anders *Nikolai Anderson *Ivane Andronikashvili *Dmitry Anuchin *Christophor Araratov *Pavel Argeyev *Arsen of Tbilisi *Pyotr Romanovich Bagration *Jaques Bagratuni *Nikolai Baratov *Vasily Baumgarten *John Charles Beckwith (British Army officer) *Daniel Bek-Pirumian *Sergey Vasilyevich Belyaev *Mikhail Berens *Vasily Berkov *Albrecht Besserer von Thalfingen *Vasily Biskupsky *Herbert von Bismarck *Wilhelm von Bismarck *

* Nikolai Bobyr *

*Petro Bolbochan *Vasily Boldyrev *Julius von Bose *Eugene Botkin *Frīdrihs Briedis *Nikolai Ilyich Bulatov *Constantin Cantacuzino (died 1877) *Leo von Caprivi *Mateiu Caragiale *Alexandru Cernat *Alexander Chechenskiy *

* Grigory Choglokov *Sophus Christensen *Peter Christophersen *Nicolae Ciupercă *Arthur Clifton *Norman Coates *Duke Constantine Petrovich of Oldenburg *Francis Cromie *Nikolai Dimitrievich Dabić *Alexander Lvovich Davydov *Evgraf Davydov *Anton Denikin *Mikhail Diterikhs *

*Vasily Andreyevich Dolgorukov *Ivan Alekseevich Dwigubski *Alfred Mordaunt Egerton *William George Keith Elphinstone *Ivan Fyodorovich Emme *Oskar Enqvist * Nikolai Epanchin *Ludwig von Falkenhausen *Alexey Favorsky *Thomas Fellowes (Royal Navy officer, born 1778) *Frederick Field (Royal Navy officer) *

*Carl Andreas Fougstad *

*Robert Gardiner (British Army officer) *Vasily Gavrilov * Alexander Gertsyk *Webb Gillman *Vladimir Gittis *Andrey Glebov *Fyodor Gogel *William Maynard Gomm *

*Mikhail Dmitrievich Gorchakov *Pyotr Gorlov *James Grierson (British Army officer), James Grierson *Erich von Gündell *Vasily Gurko *Hovhannes Hakhverdyan *Karl Eberhard Herwarth von Bittenfeld *Max Horton *

*Reginald Hoskins *John Hobart Caradoc, 2nd Baron Howden *Dietrich von Hülsen-Haeseler *

*Nikolay Ilminsky *Karl Jessen *Alexander Kazakov *Mikhail Khilkov *Boris Khreschatitsky *Alexander Khristiani *Friedrich von Kielmansegg *Hugo W. Koehler *Roman Kondratenko *August Kork *Lavr Kornilov * Apostol Kostanda *Stiliyan Kovachev *Sergey Kravkov (agronomist) * Vasily Kravkov *Alexander J. Kravtsov *Petr G. Kravtsov *Aleksandr Krymov *Julius Kuperjanov *

*Vladimir Kuzmin-Karavayev *Johan Laidoner *

*Hans Leesment *

*Alexander Karl Nikolai von Lieven *Antoni Listowski *Walter von Loë *George Bingham, 3rd Earl of Lucan *Fedir Lyzohub *Pavel Maksutov *Safarbek Malsagov *Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim *Vladimir May-Mayevsky *Leonid Maykov *Karim bey Mehmandarov *Emmanuel von Mensdorff-Pouilly *Mikhail Mirkovich *Ernst von Mohl *Stefan Mokrzecki *Theodor Molien *Dmitry Nadyozhny *Tovmas Nazarbekian *Vasily Nezabitovsky *Alexander Nikolaevich Volzhin *Amos Norcott *Vasily Fedorovich Novitsky *Nikolai Obolensky *Ilia Odishelidze *David Ivanovich Orlov *Ivan Ozerov *Dmitri Parsky *Anatoly Pepelyayev *Pavel Pereleshin *Vasily Perfilyev *Adolph Pfingsten *Dmitry Pikhno *Karl von Plettenberg *Alexander Stepanovich Popov *Kazimierz Porębski *Ignacy Prądzyński *Mikhail Promtov *Amanullah Mirza Qajar *Fyodor Radetsky *Evgeny Aleksandrovich Radkevich *Antoni Wilhelm Radziwiłł *Wilhelm von Ramming *Kirill Razumovski *Aleksandr Vladimirovich Razvozov *Paul von Rennenkampf *Pyotr Ivanovich Ricord *Christopher Roop *Hew Dalrymple Ross *Carlo Rossi (architect) *Zinovy Rozhestvensky *Friedrich von Rüdiger *Adam Rzhevusky *Vladimir Saitov *Vladimir Viktorovich Sakharov *Pavel Savvich *Pavel Schilling *Yakov Schkinsky *Ioan Axente Sever *Boris Shaposhnikov *Aliagha Shikhlinski *Sergey I. Shivtzov *Fyodor Shubin *Volodymyr Sikevych *Alexander Sirotkin *Boris Skibine *Pavlo Skoropadskyi *Jan Zygmunt Skrzynecki *Vladimir Vasilyevich Smirnov *Mikhail Sokovin *Christian von Steven *Sylvester Stankievich *Pavel Sytin *Pyotr Telezhnikov *Robert Richard Torrens *Robert Torrens (British Army officer) *Richard M. Trevethan *Charles Lawrence, 2nd Baron Trevethin *Ivan Trutnev *Erast Tsytovich *Mikhail Tukhachevsky *Georgy Tumanov *Eustachy Tyszkiewicz *Konstantin Vakulovsky *Sergei Vasilchikov *Georgy Vasmund *Julius von Verdy du Vernois *Vladimir Vernadsky *Grigory Verzhbitsky *Anthony Veselovsky *Wilgelm Vitgeft *Vladimir Vitkovsky *John Waters (British Army officer, born 1774) *Stanley Price Weir *Alfred Welby *Constantin Westchiloff *Sergei Wojciechowski *Lucjan Żeligowski *Silvestras Žukauskas ;3rd Class *

*Alexander Afanasyev *Ilyas bey Aghalarov *Prince Albert of Saxe-Altenburg *Nikolai Anderson *Vladimir Arsenyev *Jaques Bagratuni * Aleksei Baiov *Andrei Bakich *Edward Bamford *

*Vasily Baumgarten *Daniel Bek-Pirumian *Vasily Biskupsky *

*Petro Bolbochan *Vasily Boldyrev *Fyodor Bronnikov *Jonas Budrys *Nikolai Ilyich Bulatov *

* Grigory Choglokov *Christopher Courtney *Nikolai Dimitrievich Dabić *Hubert Edward Dannreuther *

*Harold Elliott (Australian Army officer), Harold Elliott * Nikolai Epanchin *Gunther von Etzel *Sergei Fyodorov (surgeon), Sergei Fyodorov * Nikolai Filatov *

*Lev Galler *

*Hamilton Gault * Alexander Gertsyk *Michael Lapinsky *

*Hovhannes Hakhverdyan *John Hearson *

*Oleksander Hrekov *Karol Hutten-Czapski *

*Nikolai Ignatev *Arnolds Indriksons *Platon Ioseliani *Anton Irv *Ismayil bek Kutkashensky *Leonard Jaczewski *Alan Jerrard *Jonas Juška *Alexey Kaledin *

*Vladimir Kappel *Dmitry Karbyshev *Boris Khreschatitsky *Alexander Khristiani *Konstantinas Kleščinskis *Nikolai Kolomeitsev *August Kork *Nikolai Kravkov * Vasily Kravkov *Alexander J. Kravtsov *Petr G. Kravtsov *Julius Kuperjanov *Ants Kurvits *

*Vladimir Kuzmin-Karavayev *Hans Leesment *

*Nikolai Linevich *Antoni Listowski *Ivan Loiko *Einar Lundborg *Donat Makijonek *Safarbek Malsagov *Karim bey Mehmandarov *Feofil Egorovich Meyendorf *Alfred Meyer-Waldeck *Sergei Mezheninov *Ivan Vladimirovich Michurin *Mikhail Mirkovich *Syla Mishchenko *Stefan Mokrzecki *Dmitry Nadyozhny *Jan Nagórski *Jafargulu Khan Nakhchivanski *Jamshid Nakhchivanski *Tovmas Nazarbekian *Danail Nikolaev *Vasily Fedorovich Novitsky *Nikolai Obolensky *Vladimir Olderogge *Alexey Fyodorovich Orlov *David Ivanovich Orlov *Vasily Perfilyev *Mikhail Mikhailovich Pleshkov *Georgy Polkovnikov *Peter Polovtsov *Alexander Stepanovich Popov *Mikhail Promtov *Feyzullah Mirza Qajar *Fyodor Radetsky *Evgeny Aleksandrovich Radkevich *Alexander Ragoza *Yuri Rall *Kirill Razumovski *Alexander Rodzyanko *Friedrich von Rüdiger *Carl Rustad *Adam Rzhevusky *Vladimir Saitov *Vladimir Viktorovich Sakharov *Victor Zaharevich Savelyev *Pavel Savvich *Sergei Sheydeman *Yakov Schkinsky *Shafi Khan Qajar *Rodion Shchedrin *Dmitry Shcherbinovsky *Pyotr Shchetinkin *Aliagha Shikhlinski *Javad khan Shirvanski *Volodymyr Sikevych *Alexander Sirotkin *Boris Skibine *Arkady Skugarevsky *Ivan Smirnov (aviator) *Vladimir Vasilyevich Smirnov *Mikhail Sokovin *Viktor Spiridonov *Georgy Stepanov *Mykola Stsiborskyi *Sylvester Stankievich *Pavel Sytin *Marceli Tarczewski *Alexander von Taube *Vasily Tchernetzov *Pyotr Telezhnikov *Valentin Ternavtsev *Vyacheslav Tkachov *Fyodor Tolbukhin *John Tovey, 1st Baron Tovey *Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard *Vyacheslav Troyanov *Ivan Trutnev *Konstantin Tsiolkovsky *Georgy Tumanov *Leonid Ustrugov *Konstantin Vakulovsky *Sergei Vasilchikov *Georgy Vasmund *Vladimir Vitkovsky *Tom Webb-Bowen *Pyotr Wrangel *Ivan Iosifovich Yakubovsky *Alexander Zelenoy *Mikhail Zoshchenko *Silvestras Žukauskas ;4th Class *Mikhail Alafuso * Alexei Arbuzov (general) *Tarlan Aliyarbayov *Vladimir Arsenyev *Jaques Bagratuni *

*Mikhail Batorsky *Daniel Bek-Pirumian *Vasily Biskupsky *Petro Bolbochan *

* Nikolai Epanchin *

*Yury Gilsher *Hovhannes Hakhverdyan *Arnolds Indriksons *Ismayil bek Kutkashensky *Aleksander Jaakson *Mykola Kapustiansky *Valentin Kataev *Boris Khreschatitsky *Konstantinas Kleščinskis *Nikolay Kokorin *

*August Kork *Sergey Kravkov (explorer) *Alexander J. Kravtsov *Yevgraf Kruten *Julius Kuperjanov *Ants Kurvits *Johan Laidoner *Ernst Leman *Ivan Loiko *Donat Makijonek *Safarbek Malsagov *Evgeny Messner *Sergei Mezheninov *Aleksandr Mirkovich *Syla Mishchenko *Sava Mutkurov *Jan Nagórski *Jamshid Nakhchivanski *Vladimir Nikolayevich Nikitin *Garegin Nzhdeh *David Ivanovich Orlov *Ivan Orlov (aviator) *Aleksandr Pishvanov *Georgy Polkovnikov *Feyzullah Mirza Qajar *Alexander Ragoza *Yuri Rall *Kirill Razumovski *Aleksandr Vladimirovich Razvozov *Alfred Saalwächter *Mikhail Safonov (pilot) *Pavel Savvich *Sergei Sheydeman *Yakov Schkinsky *Alexander Sedyakin *Aliagha Shikhlinski *Fyodor Shubin *Volodymyr Sikevych *Alexander Sirotkin *Georgy Stepanov *Vladimir Strzhizhevsky *Mykola Stsiborskyi *Jan Syrový *Pavel Sytin *Vasily Tchernetzov *Leo Tolstoy *Vyacheslav Troyanov *Konstantin Vakulovsky *Johannes Vares *Vladimir Vitkovsky *Vasili Yanchenko *Mikhail Zoshchenko *Silvestras Žukauskas *Dmitry Zuyev *Franciszek Żwirko ;Other or Unknown Classes *James Hamilton, 2nd Duke of Abercorn *Prince Adarnase of Kartli *Duke Adolf Friedrich of Mecklenburg *David Murray Anderson *John Asser *Sir John Baddeley, 1st Baronet *Poghos Bek-Pirumyan *Francis Walter Belt *Jacques Bergeret *Pavel Bermondt-Avalov *Andrew Bertie *Peter von Bilderling *Friedrich Wilhelm von Bismarck *Afrikan P. Bogaewsky *Adolf von Bonin *Leimistin Broussan *Alexander Romanovich Bruce *Ernesto Burzagli *Hayk Bzhishkyan *Nicolae Condeescu *Adam Kazimierz Czartoryski *Xawery Czernicki *Jan Henryk Dąbrowski *Nicolae Dăscălescu *Guy Dawnay (British Army officer) *Léon de Witte de Haelen *Radko Dimitriev *Alexander Ivanovich Dmitriev-Mamonov *Dmitry Bagration-Imeretinsky *Franciszek Ksawery Drucki-Lubecki *Henri du Couëdic de Kerérant *John Lambton, 1st Earl of Durham *Johann Dzierzon *Harold Edwards (RCAF officer) *Felix Funke *Alexander V. Golubintzev *Ernest Goüin *Władysław Gurowski *Thomas Noel Harris *Helen Scott Hay *Philip, Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg *Carl von Hoffman *David Edward Hughes *Edgar Erskine Hume *Prince Levan of Georgia *John Paul Jones *Karađorđe *Nikolai Kashirin *Aleksey Khovansky (publisher) *Aleksey Korin *Vladimir Kossogovsky *Jan Kozietulski *Alexey V. Kravtsov *Mikhail Krechetnikov *Alexey Kurakin *Jacques-Joachim Trotti, marquis de La Chétardie *Lev Lagorio *Maksud Alikhanov *Guglielmo Marconi *Lucy Minnigerode *Hugh Henry Mitchell *Vincent Barkly Molteno *Auguste de Montferrand *Joachim Joseph André Murat *Ludwik Narbutt *Joseph Cornelius O'Rourke *Mārtiņš Peniķis *Constantin Poenaru *Sir John Pollock, 4th Baronet *Dighton Probyn *Mohammad Taqi Mirza Rokn ed-Dowleh *Eric Gascoigne Robinson *Roman Vorontsov *Alexey Schastny *Fyodor Schechtel *Alexei Senyavin *Andrei Shkuro *Boris Shteifon *Josip Šokčević *Constantin Stamati *Curt von Stedingk *Dmitry Strukov *Jerzy Świrski *Stanisław Tatar *Samuel Hoare, 1st Viscount Templewood *Constantin von Tischendorf *Tomkyns Hilgrove Turner *Haim Aharon Valero *Albert Vizentini *Ivan Illarionovich Vorontsov *Baldwin Wake Walker *Eric Sherbrooke Walker *Nikolay Yung *Nikanor Zakhvatayev *Mikhail Zasulich *Yakov Zhilinsky *Theodoor Johan Arnold van Zijll de Jong *Asad-bey Talyshkhanov

References

External links

*
Order of St. Anna
*
History of the order of St. Anna
{{Authority control 1735 establishments in the Holy Roman Empire Awards established in the 1730s Orders of chivalry of Russia Orders, decorations, and medals of the Russian Empire, Saint Anna, Order of Orders of chivalry of the Russian Empire, Saint Anna, Order of Saint Anne Recipients of the Order of St. Anna