Spetstyazhavtotrans
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Spetstyazhavtotrа́ns ( rus, Спецтяжавтотранс, p=spʲɪt͡stʲɪʐəftɐˈtrans) is a Russian company specializing in the shipment of oversized cargo. The group of companies provides engineering services to the oil, gas, chemical, energy and other industries.


History


Timeline

*1974 – Establishment of a committee to prepare proposals for the transportation of oversize energy and industrial equipment *24 November 1976 – State Committee on Science and Technology resolution "On ensuring the transportation of large-sized and heavy energy and other industrial equipment and the development of related research" *1978 – Resolution 262 of the
Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union The Council of Ministers of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics ( rus, Совет министров СССР, r=Sovet Ministrov SSSR, p=sɐˈvʲet mʲɪˈnʲistrəf ˌɛsˌɛsˌɛsˈɛr), sometimes abbreviated as Sovmin or referred to as the ...
"Measures to improve the organization of transportation of large and heavy cargo" *1978 - Establishment of Spetstyazhavtotrans, a specialized research and production association (SRPA) *1978-1988 – Creation of a classification system for the shipment of oversized cargoes of a large mass (OCLM) and methods of calculating the cost-effectiveness of OCLM transportation *1978 – Shipment by Minrechflot vessels began *1981 – Transportation security agreement for oversize nuclear-power equipment in CMEA countries *1982 – Development program for OCLM transportation by specialized vehicles from 1981 to 2000 approved *1982-1983 – Research on inland highways from the
Caspian Sea The Caspian Sea is the world's largest inland body of water, described as the List of lakes by area, world's largest lake and usually referred to as a full-fledged sea. An endorheic basin, it lies between Europe and Asia: east of the Caucasus, ...
*1985 – The maritime sector joined the transport of oversize cargo by vehicles and river transport *1986 – First oversize transport by air ( Аn-124 "Ruslan" airplanes) *1988 – Volume of oversize cargo increased to 1,250,000 tons from 353,000 tons in 1981'' Diamidov А. S.'' Development of transportation of oversized cargoes of a large mass // Outcome of science and tech. VINITI. Ser. The interaction of different types of transport and container shipment. – 1992. – 16. – p. 1-164. *15 April 1991 – Council of Ministers of the
RSFSR The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Russian SFSR or RSFSR), previously known as the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic and the Russian Soviet Republic, and unofficially as Soviet Russia,Declaration of Rights of the labo ...
resolution 10 mandating the RSFSR Ministry of Transport to privatize Spetstyazhavtotrans, SRPA and the State Scientific and Research Institute of Road Transport (SSRIRT) by converting them into joint-stock companies *1992 - Creation of the IPS Project, an automated information-retrieval system for optimal transport and technological solutions *2004 – New owners, with shareholders appointing new management *2006 – Establishment of the Spetstyazhavtotrans
corporate group A corporate group, company group or business group, also formally known as a group of companies, is a collection of parent and subsidiary corporations that function as a single economic entity through a common source of control. These types of gr ...
*2006 – Establishment of Polynom to design oil and gas facilities *2007 – Establishment of EDO "Spetstyazhproekt" *2008 – Establishment of NefteGazEnergoStroy Engineering (NGES Engineering) *2012 - Polynom won the ninth all-Russian competition for the best design and survey organization


Events

The 1970s were years of construction in the USSR, with the building of industrial and energy complexes in the
Soviet Union The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...
began:
Atommash Atommash () is a multidisciplinary engineering company located in Volgodonsk, Rostov Oblast, Russia. It was established in 1976 as a nuclear engineering corporation. Following Privatization in Russia, privatization and bankruptcy in 1999, the ...
, Kureiskaya, Sayano-Shushenskaya,
Sakhalin Sakhalin ( rus, Сахали́н, p=səxɐˈlʲin) is an island in Northeast Asia. Its north coast lies off the southeastern coast of Khabarovsk Krai in Russia, while its southern tip lies north of the Japanese island of Hokkaido. An islan ...
and other HPP, NPP, oil and gas pipelines in
Western Siberia Western Siberia or West Siberia ( rus, Западная Сибирь, p=ˈzapədnəjə sʲɪˈbʲirʲ; , ) is a region in North Asia. It is part of the wider region of Siberia that is mostly located in the Russia, Russian Federation, with a Sout ...
and the first
petrochemical Petrochemicals (sometimes abbreviated as petchems) are the chemical products obtained from petroleum by refining. Some chemical compounds made from petroleum are also obtained from other fossil fuels, such as coal or natural gas, or renewable s ...
plants. Each required the transport of heavy cargo which could not be delivered in parts. For its study in 1974, the State Committee of the Council of Ministers of the USSR created a temporary scientific and technical committee to prepare proposals for transporting oversized cargoes of a large mass (OCLM). Its proposals were reflected in the State Committee resolutions "On ensuring the transportation of large-sized and heavy energy and other industrial equipment and the development of related
research and development Research and development (R&D or R+D), known in some countries as OKB, experiment and design, is the set of innovative activities undertaken by corporations or governments in developing new services or products. R&D constitutes the first stage ...
work" and "Guidelines for the research and design work to ensure the transportation of the energy and other industrial equipment", dated 24 November 1976. These documents outlined the main problems of research and development work and measures to satisfy the needs of the national economy for equipment transportation, including the search for new technical and logistical solutions. In May 1976, a Spetstyazhavtotrans convoy was established in Gorky. On 6 April 1978 Resolution 262 of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, "On measures to improve the organization of transportation of large-sized and heavy cargoes", was made. Among the series of measures, the establishment of the specialized research and production association (SRPA) Spetstyazhavtotrans was mandated. By the early 1990s Spetstyazhavtotrans was a research and production group accounting, according to some estimates, for over 60 percent of oversize transport in the country. It consisted of five large trucking companies in
Novgorod Veliky Novgorod ( ; , ; ), also known simply as Novgorod (), is the largest city and administrative centre of Novgorod Oblast, Russia. It is one of the oldest cities in Russia, being first mentioned in the 9th century. The city lies along the V ...
,
Leningrad Saint Petersburg, formerly known as Petrograd and later Leningrad, is the List of cities and towns in Russia by population, second-largest city in Russia after Moscow. It is situated on the Neva, River Neva, at the head of the Gulf of Finland ...
,
Moscow Moscow is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia, standing on the Moskva (river), Moskva River in Central Russia. It has a population estimated at over 13 million residents with ...
and
Astrakhan Astrakhan (, ) is the largest city and administrative centre of Astrakhan Oblast in southern Russia. The city lies on two banks of the Volga, in the upper part of the Volga Delta, on eleven islands of the Caspian Depression, from the Caspian Se ...
, with branches in other cities. Bases were established in
Siberia Siberia ( ; , ) is an extensive geographical region comprising all of North Asia, from the Ural Mountains in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east. It has formed a part of the sovereign territory of Russia and its predecessor states ...
, where there was a great need for transport, in cities which included
Surgut Surgut ( rus, Сургу́т, p=sʊrˈgut; Khanty: Сәрханӆ, ''Sərhanł, Сө̆ркут, sörkut'') is a city in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Russia, located on the Ob River near its junction with the Irtysh River. It is one of the fe ...
,
Noyabrsk Noyabrsk ( rus, Ноя́брьск, p=nɐˈjabrʲsk; Tundra Nenets: Нюдя Пэвдей марˮ, romanized: ''Njudja Pəvdej marꜧ''; Forest Nenets: Нюча пэ”дя”й марˮ, romanized: ''Njuča pəꜧdjaꜧj marꜧ'') is the second ...
and
Nizhnevartovsk Nizhnevartovsk ( rus, Нижневартовск, p=nʲɪʐnʲɪˈvartəfsk) is a city in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug–Yugra, Russia. Since the 1960s, the Western Siberian oil boom has led to Nizhnevartovsk's rapid growth from a small settlem ...
. The Spetstyazhavtotrans SRPA created a unified system for transporting oversize cargo and engineering services. Significant contributions were made by A. M. Lyovushkin, L. Y. Byzer, V. S. Molyarchuk, V. N. Androsyuk, A. G. Alexandrov, A. S. Diamidov, N. A. Troitskaya, V. A. Alexandrov, V. P. Safronov, L. M. Moshek, A. A. Lvov, A. Ya. Kogan, P. A. Shpolyansky, R. A. Atanasyan and many others. Spetstyazhproekt was re-created, and in 2008 NefteGazEnergoStroy Engineering (NGES Engineering LLC) was added to the corporate group which included Polynom LLC. A new production and scientific structure, providing engineering support for transportation and facility design for the chemical and petrochemical industries, was forming.


Notable transports

*1977 – Reactor vessel and steam generators for the VVEP-1000 power-generating unit from Izhorsk Engineering Plant to Novovoronezh NPP *1978 – Two
gas turbine A gas turbine or gas turbine engine is a type of Internal combustion engine#Continuous combustion, continuous flow internal combustion engine. The main parts common to all gas turbine engines form the power-producing part (known as the gas gene ...
s for polyethylene production, more than 18.2 m in length with a diameter of 4.5 to 7.6 m and weighing 210 tons each, from
John Brown & Company John Brown and Company of Clydebank was a Scottish Naval architecture, marine engineering and shipbuilding firm. It built many notable and world-famous ships including , , , , , and ''Queen Elizabeth 2 (ship), Queen Elizabeth 2''. At its heig ...
to the Prikumsky plastics factory (now Stavrolen) in
Budennovsk Budyonnovsk () is a town in Stavropol Krai, Russia. In 2010 the population of Budyonnovsk was 64,624. History The town was founded in 1799 by Armenian settlers from Derbent. During World War II, Budyonnovsk was occupied by German troops from Au ...
*1979 -
Turbo generator A turbo generator is an electric generator connected to the shaft of a turbine (water, steam, or gas) for the generation of electric power. Large steam-powered turbo generators provide the majority of the world's electricity and are also u ...
stator The stator is the stationary part of a rotary system, found in electric generators, electric motors, sirens, mud motors, or biological rotors (such as bacterial flagella or ATP synthase). Energy flows through a stator to or from the rotat ...
weighing 490 tons from
Electrosila OJSC Power Machines ( translit. Siloviye Mashiny abbreviated as Silmash, ) is a Russian energy systems machine-building company founded in 2000. It is headquartered in Saint Petersburg. Power Machines manufactures steam turbines with capacity u ...
to the Kostroma Power Station *1979 – Nine pieces of equipment for
methanol Methanol (also called methyl alcohol and wood spirit, amongst other names) is an organic chemical compound and the simplest aliphatic Alcohol (chemistry), alcohol, with the chemical formula (a methyl group linked to a hydroxyl group, often ab ...
production, with a maximum diameter of 6 m, length of 33 m and weight of 220 tons, to the Gubahinsky chemical plant *1981 –
Hydrometeorological Hydrometeorology is a branch of meteorology and hydrology that studies the transfer of water and energy between the land surface and the lower atmosphere for academic research, commercial gain or operational forecasting purposes. Whilst tradition ...
equipment, 26.5 m long, 6.5 m wide, 7.3 m high and weighing 110 tons, to the Kyrgyz hydrometeorology office *1980s – Nine distillation columns, with diameters up to 5.5 m, lengths over 90 m, weighing up to 700 tons, from
Petrozavodsk Petrozavodsk (, ; Karelian language, Karelian, Veps language, Vepsian and ) is the capital city of the Republic of Karelia, Russia, which stretches along the western shore of Lake Onega for some . The population of the city is 280,890 as of 2022. ...
and Dzerzhinsk to
Tobolsk Tobolsk (, ) is a town in Tyumen Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Tobol and Irtysh rivers. Founded in 1587, Tobolsk is the second-oldest Russian settlement east of the Ural Mountains in Asian Russia, and was the historic capita ...
*1980s - Steam generator weighing 340 tons to the
Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant The Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Station (; ) in southeastern Ukraine is the largest nuclear power plant in Europe and among the 10 largest in the world. It has been under Russian control since 2022. It was built by the Soviet Union near the city ...
*1982 – Concrete floating workshop 67.5 m long, 13.52 m wide and weighing 1300 tons from
Bourgas Burgas (, ), sometimes transliterated as Bourgas, is the second largest city on the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast in the region of Northern Thrace and the fourth-largest city in Bulgaria after Sofia, Plovdiv, and Varna, with a population of 280 000 ...
,
Bulgaria Bulgaria, officially the Republic of Bulgaria, is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the eastern portion of the Balkans directly south of the Danube river and west of the Black Sea. Bulgaria is bordered by Greece and Turkey t ...
to
Havana Havana (; ) is the capital and largest city of Cuba. The heart of La Habana Province, Havana is the country's main port and commercial center.Kirishi Kirishi (, ) is a town and the administrative center of Kirishsky District in Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Volkhov River, southeast of St. Petersburg. Population: It was previously known as ''Soltsy'' (unti ...
*1986 – Four ammonia-production units, up to 4 m in diameter and weighing up to 500 tons, from Bulgaria to a chemical plant in Dimitrovgrad *1987 - TVR-120-2 generator stator and TDTS=125000/1100 transformer weighing 126 and 114 tons, respectively, to
Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk (, , ) is a city and the administrative center of Sakhalin Oblast, Russia. It is located on Sakhalin Island in the Russian Far East, north of Japan. Gas and oil extraction as well as processing are amongst the main industries on ...
*2007 – Equipment for the
Nizhnekamskneftekhim Nizhnekamskneftekhim ( rus, Нижнекамскнефтехим, p=nʲɪʐnʲɪkəmsknʲɪftʲɪˈxʲim), abbreviated NKNK, is a large petrochemical company and largest specialized company in Europe headquartered in the city of Nizhnekamsk, Russia ...
polyethylene plant (320 packages, totaling more than 685 tons) *2008 – Two reactors (R-1201 – about 30 m long and 115 tons, and R-1202 – over 38 m and 310 tons) to the site of the Nizhnekamskneftekhim
polyolefin A polyolefin is a type of polymer with the general formula (CH2CHR)n where R is an alkyl group. They are usually derived from a small set of simple olefins (alkenes). Dominant in a commercial sense are polyethylene and polypropylene. More speciali ...
plant *2009 – Two 800-ton reactors from
Izhorskiye Zavody Izhorskiye Zavody or Izhora Plants () is a Russian machine building joint stock company (OAO) belonging to the OMZ Group. It operates a major manufacturing plant in Kolpino, Saint Petersburg. Operations The company is primarily a heavy ind ...
to Lukoil-NORSI *2012 – Petrochemical equipment (weighing up to 380 tons, 67 m long and up to 7.5 m in diameter) from Energomash-
Atommash Atommash () is a multidisciplinary engineering company located in Volgodonsk, Rostov Oblast, Russia. It was established in 1976 as a nuclear engineering corporation. Following Privatization in Russia, privatization and bankruptcy in 1999, the ...
in
Volgodonsk Volgodonsk (, ) is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, city in Rostov Oblast, Russia, located in the east of the oblast on the west bank of the Tsimlyansk Reservoir. Population: 28,000 (1970). History Volgodonsk was founded in 1950 as ...
to TANECO in
Nizhnekamsk Nizhnekamsk (, ; ) is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, city in Tatarstan, Russia, located to the south of the Kama River between the cities of Naberezhnye Chelny and Chistopol. Population: History As its population increased, spurre ...
*2010-2013 – Turbine wheels and heavy equipment to the
RusHydro RusHydro (previous name: Hydro-OGK, ) is a Russian hydroelectricity company. As of early 2012 it had a capacity of 34.9  gigawatts. In late 2009, it was the world's second-largest hydroelectric power producer and is the country's largest p ...
Sayano-Shushenskaya hydro power plant *2011-2014 – Six reactors, weighing up to 1,300 tons, to the
Rosneft PJSC Rosneft Oil Company ( stylized as ROSNEFT) is a Russian integrated energy company headquartered in Moscow. Rosneft specializes in the exploration, extraction, production, refining, transport, and sale of petroleum, natural gas, and pet ...
Tuapse oil terminal Tuapse (; , Ṫuapsă ) is a town in Krasnodar Krai, Russia, situated on the northeast shore of the Black Sea, south of Gelendzhik and north of Sochi. Population: Tuapse is a sea port and the northern center of a resort zone which extends sout ...
*2013-2014 – Four hydrofracking reactors, weighing up to 1,306 tons, to the Rosneft Achinsk refinery


Record

In 2013, Spetstyazhavtotrans set a world record for road transportation of heavy cargo (a
hydrocracking In petrochemistry, petroleum geology and organic chemistry, cracking is the process whereby complex organic molecules such as kerogens or long-chain hydrocarbons are broken down into simpler molecules such as light hydrocarbons, by the breaking ...
reactor) 203 kilometers from Kubekovo in
Krasnoyarsk Krai Krasnoyarsk Krai (, ) is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject (a krai) of Russia located in Siberia. Its administrative center is the types of inhabited localities in Russia, city of Krasnoyarsk, the second-largest city in Siberia after ...
to the
Achinsk Achinsk () is a city in Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia, located on the right bank of the Chulym River near its intersection with the Trans-Siberian Railway, west of Krasnoyarsk. It has a population of 109,155 as of the 2010 Census. History Achins ...
refinery


References


External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Spetstyazhavtotrans Transport companies of Russia Companies based in Moscow Transport companies established in 1978 1978 establishments in the Soviet Union Service companies of the Soviet Union