The List of Wildlife Species at Risk currently has more than 800 entries for Canadian wild life species considered vulnerable; including 363 classified as endangered species, —190

threatened species Threatened species are any species (including animals, plants and fungi) which are vulnerable to endangerment in the near future. Species that are threatened are sometimes characterised by the population dynamics measure of ''critical depensa ...

, —235 special concern, and 22 extirpated (no longer found in the wild). About 65 percent of Canada’s resident species are considered "Secure". More than 30 wildlife species have become extinct in the wild since the arrival of European settlers. The

Government of Canada The government of Canada (french: gouvernement du Canada) is the body responsible for the federal administration of Canada. A constitutional monarchy, the Crown is the corporation sole, assuming distinct roles: the executive, as the ''Crown-i ...

maintains a list of all

plant Plants are predominantly Photosynthesis, photosynthetic eukaryotes of the Kingdom (biology), kingdom Plantae. Historically, the plant kingdom encompassed all living things that were not animals, and included algae and fungi; however, all curr ...

and

animal Animals are multicellular, eukaryotic organisms in the Kingdom (biology), biological kingdom Animalia. With few exceptions, animals Heterotroph, consume organic material, Cellular respiration#Aerobic respiration, breathe oxygen, are Motilit ...

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of ...

, or designatable units (DUs) thereof, federally recognized as special concern,

threatened Threatened species are any species (including animals, plants and fungi) which are vulnerable to endangerment in the near future. Species that are threatened are sometimes characterised by the population dynamics measure of ''critical depensa ...

endangered An endangered species is a species that is very likely to become extinct in the near future, either worldwide or in a particular political jurisdiction. Endangered species may be at risk due to factors such as habitat loss, poaching and inv ...

extirpated Local extinction, also known as extirpation, refers to a species (or other taxon) of plant or animal that ceases to exist in a chosen geographic area of study, though it still exists elsewhere. Local extinctions are contrasted with global extinct ...

, and extinct in Canada under Schedule I of the

Species at Risk Act The ''Species at Risk Act'' (SARA) (the ''Act'') is a piece of Canadian federal legislation which became law in Canada on December 12, 2002. It is designed to meet one of Canada's key commitments under the International Convention on Biological D ...

(SARA).

SARA Schedule

Species listed on SARA Schedule I receive federal legal protections under the Act, including the protection of individuals, populations, and their habitat from harm. Listing on Schedule I of the act also mandates the formation of a species recovery team and strategy. The addition of species or DUs to Schedule I is done annually by the Minister of the Environment, based on formal assessment recommendations by the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC), an independent committee of wildlife experts and scientists. COSEWIC assessments and IUCN designations by themselves are not to be confused with actual Schedule I listings as both of the former have no formal legal status in Canada.

Mammals

Extirpated mammals

* ''

Eschrichtius robustus ''Eschrichtius'' is a genus of baleen whale containing two species: the gray whale (''E. robustus'') and the extinct Akishima whale ''Eschrichtius akishimaensis'', described in 2017, is one of two species, with the modern day gray whale, of t ...

'' (Atlantic population) — grey whale * '' Mustela nigripes'' — black-footed ferret * ''

Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus The walrus (''Odobenus rosmarus'') is a large flippered marine mammal with a discontinuous distribution about the North Pole in the Arctic Ocean and subarctic seas of the Northern Hemisphere. The walrus is the only living species in the ...

'' (Northwest Atlantic population) — Atlantic walrus

Endangered mammals

* '' Balaenoptera borealis'' (Pacific population) — sei whale * ''

Balaenoptera musculus ''Balaenoptera'' () is a genus of rorquals containing eight extant species. ''Balaenoptera'' comprises all but two of the extant species in its family (the humpback whale and gray whale); the genus is currently polyphyletic, with the two afor ...

'' (Atlantic population) — blue whale * ''

'' (Pacific population) — blue whale * ''

Dipodomys ordii Ord's kangaroo rat (''Dipodomys ordii'') is a kangaroo rat native to western North America, specifically the Great Plains and the Great Basin, with its range extending from extreme southern Canada to central Mexico. Ord's kangaroo rat has a f ...

'' — Ord's kangaroo rat * '' Eubalaena glacialis'' — North Atlantic right whale * '' Eubalaena japonica'' — North Pacific right whale * '' Gulo gulo'' (eastern population) — wolverine * '' Hyperoodon ampullatus'' ( Scotian Shelf population) — northern bottlenose whale * '' Marmota vancouverensis'' — Vancouver Island marmot * '' Martes americana atrata'' (Newfoundland population) — American marten * '' Orcinus orca'' (Northeast Pacific southern resident population) — killer whale * '' Rangifer tarandus caribou'' (Atlantic–Gaspésie population) — woodland caribou * ''

Scapanus townsendii The Townsend's mole (''Scapanus townsendii'') is a fossorial mammal in the family Talpidae, and is the largest North American mole. It was named after the American naturalist John Kirk Townsend. The name was selected at the request of Thomas Nutt ...

'' — Townsend's mole * '' Sorex bendirii'' — Pacific water shrew * '' Taxidea taxus jacksoni'' — American badger, ''jacksoni'' subspecies * '' Taxidea taxus jeffersonii'' — American badger, ''jeffersonii'' subspecies * ''

Vulpes velox The swift fox (''Vulpes velox'') is a small light orange-tan fox around the size of a domestic cat found in the western grasslands of North America, such as Montana, Colorado, New Mexico, Kansas, Oklahoma and Texas. It also lives in southern ...

'' — swift fox

Threatened mammals

* '' Antrozous pallidus'' — pallid bat * '' Balaenoptera physalus'' (Pacific population) — fin whale * '' Bison bison athabascae'' — wood bison * '' Enhydra lutris'' — sea otter * ''

Delphinapterus leucas The beluga whale () (''Delphinapterus leucas'') is an Arctic and sub-Arctic cetacean. It is one of two members of the family Monodontidae, along with the narwhal, and the only member of the genus ''Delphinapterus''. It is also known as the whi ...

'' (St. Lawrence Estuary population) — beluga whale * '' Mustela haidarum'' — Haida ermine * '' Megaptera novaeangliae'' (North Pacific population) — humpback whale * '' Orcinus orca'' (Northeast Pacific transient population) — killer whale * '' Orcinus orca'' (Northeast Pacific northern resident population) — killer whale * '' Rangifer tarandus caribou'' (boreal population) — woodland caribou * '' Rangifer tarandus caribou'' (southern mountain population) — woodland caribou * ''

Urocyon cinereoargenteus The gray fox (''Urocyon cinereoargenteus''), or grey fox, is an omnivorous mammal of the family Canidae, widespread throughout North America and Central America. This species and its only congener (biology), congener, the diminutive island fox ...

'' — grey fox

Mammals of special concern

* '' Balaena mysticetus'' (Bering–Chukchi–Beaufort population) — bowhead whale * '' Balaenoptera physalus'' (Atlantic population) — fin whale * ''

Canis lycaon ''Canis'' is a genus of the Caninae which includes multiple extant species, such as wolves, dogs, coyotes, and golden jackals. Species of this genus are distinguished by their moderate to large size, their massive, well-developed skulls and dent ...

'' — eastern wolf * '' Enhydra lutris'' — sea otter * '' Cynomys ludovicianus'' — black-tailed prairie dog * ''

'' (eastern North Pacific population) — grey whale * '' Euderma maculatum'' — spotted bat * '' Eumetopias jubatus'' — Steller sea lion * '' Microtus pinetorum'' — woodland vole * '' Orcinus orca'' (Northeast Pacific offshore population) — killer whale * ''

Phocoena phocoena The harbour porpoise (''Phocoena phocoena'') is one of eight extant species of porpoise. It is one of the smallest species of cetacean. As its name implies, it stays close to coastal areas or river estuaries, and as such, is the most familiar ...

'' (Pacific Ocean population) — harbour porpoise * '' Rangifer tarandus caribou'' (northern mountain population) — woodland caribou * '' Scalopus aquaticus'' — eastern mole * '' Sylvilagus nuttallii nuttallii'' — Nuttall's cottontail, ''nuttallii'' subspecies * '' Ursus maritimus'' — polar bear

Birds

Extirpated birds

*'' Tympanuchus cupido'' — greater prairie-chicken

Endangered birds

* ''

Ammodramus henslowii __NOTOC__ Henslow's sparrow (''Centronyx henslowii'') is a passerine bird in the family Passerellidae. It was named by John James Audubon in honor of John Stevens Henslow. It was originally classified in the genus ''Emberiza'' and called ''Hens ...

'' — Henslow's sparrow * '' Athene cunicularia'' — burrowing owl * '' Centrocercus urophasianus urophasianus'' — greater sage-grouse, ''urophasianus'' subspecies * '' Charadrius melodus circumcinctus'' — piping plover, ''circumcinctus'' subspecies * '' Charadrius melodus melodus'' — piping plover, ''melodus'' subspecies * '' Charadrius montanus'' — mountain plover * ''

Colinus virginianus The northern bobwhite (''Colinus virginianus''), also known as the Virginia quail or (in its home range) bobwhite quail, is a ground-dwelling bird native to Canada, the United States, Mexico, and Cuba, with introduced populations elsewhere in t ...

'' — northern bobwhite * '' Dendroica kirtlandii'' — Kirtland's warbler * '' Empidonax virescens'' — Acadian flycatcher * '' Eremophila alpestris strigata'' — horned lark, ''strigata'' subspecies * ''

Grus americana The whooping crane (''Grus americana'') is the tallest North American bird, named for its whooping sound. It is an endangered crane species. Along with the sandhill crane (''Antigone canadensis''), it is one of only two crane species native to N ...

'' — whooping crane * '' Icteria virens auricollis'' (British Columbia population) — yellow-breasted chat, ''auricollis'' subspecies * '' Lanius ludovicianus migrans'' — loggerhead shrike, ''migrans'' subspecies * '' Loxia curvirostra percna'' — red crossbill, ''percna'' subspecies * '' Megascops kennicottii macfarlanei'' — western screech-owl, ''macfarlanei'' subspecies * ''

Numenius borealis The Eskimo curlew (''Numenius borealis''), also known as northern curlew, is a species of curlew in the family Scolopacidae. It was one of the most numerous shorebirds in the tundra of western Arctic Canada and Alaska. Thousands of birds were th ...

'' — Eskimo curlew * '' Oreoscoptes montanus'' — sage thrasher * ''

Picoides albolarvatus The white-headed woodpecker (''Leuconotopicus albolarvatus'') is a non-migratory woodpecker that resides in pine forests of the mountains of western North America. Description It has a black body (approximately long) and white head. It has whit ...

'' — white-headed woodpecker * '' Pooecetes gramineus affinis'' — vesper sparrow, ''affinis'' subspecies * '' Protonotaria citrea'' — prothonotary warbler * '' Rallus elegans'' — king rail * '' Sphyrapicus thyroideus'' — Williamson's sapsucker * ''

Sterna dougallii The roseate tern (''Sterna dougallii'') is a species of tern in the family Laridae. The genus name ''Sterna'' is derived from Old English "stearn", "tern", and the specific ''dougallii'' refers to Scottish physician and collector Dr Peter McDoug ...

'' — roseate tern * '' Strix occidentalis caurina'' — spotted owl, ''caurina'' subspecies * ''

Tyto alba The barn owl (''Tyto alba'') is the most widely distributed species of owl in the world and one of the most widespread of all species of birds, being found almost everywhere except for the polar and desert regions, Asia north of the Himalaya ...

'' (eastern population) — barn owl

Threatened birds

* '' Accipiter gentilis laingi'' — northern goshawk, ''laingi'' subspecies * '' Aegolius acadicus brooksi'' — northern saw-whet owl, ''brooksi'' subspecies * '' Anthus spragueii'' — Sprague's pipit * '' Brachyramphus marmoratus'' — marbled murrelet * '' Falco peregrinus anatum'' — peregrine falcon, ''anatum'' subspecies * '' Ixobrychus exilis'' — least bittern * '' Lanius ludovicianus excubitorides'' — loggerhead shrike, ''excubitorides'' subspecies * ''

Phoebastria albatrus The short-tailed albatross or Steller's albatross (''Phoebastria albatrus'') is a large rare seabird from the North Pacific. Although related to the other North Pacific albatrosses, it also exhibits behavioural and morphological links to the al ...

'' — short-tailed albatross * '' Puffinus creatopus'' — pink-footed shearwater *''

Riparia riparia The sand martin (''Riparia riparia''), also known as the bank swallow (in the Americas), collared sand martin, or common sand martin, is a migratory passerine bird in the swallow family. It has a wide range in summer, embracing practically the ...

'' - Bank Swallow * '' Rhodostethia rosea'' — Ross' gull * ''

Vermivora chrysoptera The golden-winged warbler (''Vermivora chrysoptera'') is a New World warbler. It breeds in southeastern and south-central Canada and in the Appalachian Mountains in northeastern to north-central United States. The majority (~70%) of the global po ...

'' — golden-winged warbler * ''

Wilsonia citrina The hooded warbler (''Setophaga citrina'') is a New World warbler. It breeds in eastern North America and across the eastern United States and into southernmost Canada (Ontario). It is migratory, wintering in Central America and the West Indie ...

'' — hooded warbler

Birds of special concern

* ''

Bucephala islandica Barrow's goldeneye (''Bucephala islandica'') is a medium-sized sea duck of the genus '' Bucephala'', the goldeneyes. This bird was named after Sir John Barrow. The genus name is derived from Ancient Greek ''boukephalos'', "bullheaded", from '' ...

'' (eastern population) — Barrow's goldeneye * ''

Coturnicops noveboracensis The yellow rail (''Coturnicops noveboracensis'') is a small secretive marsh bird, of the family Rallidae that is found in North America. Taxonomy The yellow rail was formally described in 1789 by the German naturalist Johann Friedrich Gmelin in ...

'' — yellow rail * '' Dendroica cerulea'' — cerulean warbler * '' Falco peregrinus pealei'' — peregrine falcon, ''pealei'' subspecies * ''

Histrionicus histrionicus The harlequin duck (''Histrionicus histrionicus'') is a small sea duck. It takes its name from Harlequin (French ''Arlequin'', Italian ''Arlecchino''), a colourfully dressed character in Commedia dell'arte. The species name comes from the Latin ...

'' (eastern population) — harlequin duck * '' Icteria virens virens'' — yellow-breasted chat, ''virens'' subspecies * '' Megascops kennicottii kennicottii'' — western screech-owl, ''kennicottii'' subspecies * '' Melanerpes lewis'' — Lewis' woodpecker * '' Numenius americanus'' — long-billed curlew * '' Otus flammeolus'' — flammulated owl * '' Pagophila eburnea'' — ivory gull * ''

Passerculus sandwichensis princeps The Savannah sparrow (''Passerculus sandwichensis'') is a small New World sparrow. It was the only member of the genus ''Passerculus'' and is typically the only widely accepted member. Comparison of mtDNA NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 and 3 se ...

'' — Savannah sparrow, ''princeps'' subspecies * '' Rhynchophanes mccownii'' — thick-billed longspur * ''

Seiurus motacilla The Louisiana waterthrush (''Parkesia motacilla'') is a New World warbler, that breeds in eastern North America and winters in the West Indies and Central America. Plain brown above, it is white below, with black streaks and with buff flanks an ...

'' — Louisiana waterthrush * '' Synthliboramphus antiquus'' — ancient murrelet * ''

'' (western population) — barn owl

Reptiles

Extirpated reptiles

* '' Actinemys marmorata'' — Pacific pond turtle * '' Crotalus horridus'' — timber rattlesnake * '' Phrynosoma douglasii'' — pygmy short-horned lizard * '' Pituophis catenifer catenifer'' — Pacific gophersnake

Endangered reptiles

* '' Chrysemys picta bellii'' (Pacific Coast population) — western painted turtle * '' Clemmys guttata'' — spotted turtle * ''

Coluber constrictor foxii ''Coluber constrictor foxii'', commonly known as the blue racer, is a subspecies of ''Coluber constrictor'', a species of nonvenomous, colubrid snake commonly referred to as the eastern racer. Distribution Blue racers prefer open and semi-open ...

'' — blue racer * ''

Contia tenuis The sharp-tailed snake or sharptail snake (''Contia tenuis'') is a small species of snake in the family Colubridae. The species is endemic to the Western United States and British Columbia. Common names Additional common names for ''C. tenuis'' ...

'' — sharp-tailed snake * ''

Dermochelys coriacea The leatherback sea turtle (''Dermochelys coriacea''), sometimes called the lute turtle or leathery turtle or simply the luth, is the largest of all living turtles and the heaviest non-crocodilian reptile, reaching lengths of up to and weights ...

'' — leatherback seaturtle * '' Emydoidea blandingii'' (Nova Scotia population) — Blanding's turtle * '' Eumeces septentrionalis'' — prairie skink * '' Hypsiglena torquata'' — nightsnake

Threatened reptiles

* '' Apalone spinifera'' — spiny softshell * ''

Coluber constrictor flaviventris ''Coluber constrictor flaviventris'', commonly known as the eastern yellow-bellied racer, is a subspecies of the eastern racer, non-venomous colubrid snake. It is endemic to North America. Description The eastern yellow-bellied racer is a ...

'' — eastern yellow-bellied racer * ''

Crotalus oreganus ''Crotalus oreganus'', commonly known as the (northern) Pacific rattlesnake, Wright AH, Wright AA. 1957. Handbook of Snakes. Comstock Publishing Associates. (7th printing, 1985). 1105 pp. . is a venomous pit viper species found in western North ...

'' — western rattlesnake * '' Elaphe gloydi'' — eastern foxsnake * ''

Elaphe spiloides The gray ratsnake or gray rat snake (''Pantherophis spiloides''), also commonly known as the central ratsnake, chicken snake, midland ratsnake, or pilot black snake, is a species of nonvenomous snake in the genus ''Pantherophis'' in the subfamil ...

'' — grey ratsnake * '' Emydoidea blandingii'' (Great Lakes / St. Lawrence population) — Blanding's turtle * '' Heterodon platirhinos'' — eastern hog-nosed snake * '' Pituophis catenifer deserticola'' — Great Basin gophersnake * ''

Regina septemvittata The queen snake (''Regina septemvittata'') is a species of nonvenomous semiaquatic snake, a member of the subfamily Natricinae of the family Colubridae. The species is endemic to North America. Common names ''R. septemvittata'' is known by many c ...

'' — queen snake * ''

Sistrurus catenatus The massasauga (''Sistrurus catenatus'') is a rattlesnake species found in midwestern North America from southern Ontario to northern Mexico and parts of the United States in between. Like all rattlesnakes, it is a pit viper and is venomous sna ...

'' — massasauga * ''

Sternotherus odoratus ''Sternotherus odoratus'' is a species of small turtle in the family Kinosternidae. The species is native to southeastern Canada and much of the Eastern United States. It is also known commonly as the common musk turtle, eastern musk turtle, or ...

'' — stinkpot * ''

Thamnophis butleri Butler's garter snake (''Thamnophis butleri'') is a species of garter snake in the family Colubridae. The species is endemic to North America. Etymology The specific name ''butleri'' is in honor of ornithologist Amos Butler (1860-1937) of Brook ...

'' — Butler's gartersnake * ''

Thamnophis sauritus ''Thamnophis saurita'', also known as the eastern ribbon snake, common ribbon snake, or simply ribbon snake, is a common species of garter snake native to Eastern North America. It is a non-venomous species of snake in the subfamily Natricinae ...

'' (Atlantic population) — eastern ribbonsnake

Reptiles of special concern

* '' Charina bottae'' — rubber boa * '' Chrysemys picta bellii'' (intermountain–Rocky Mountain population) — western painted turtle * '' Coluber constrictor mormon'' — western yellow-bellied racer * '' Eumeces skiltonianus'' — western skink * '' Graptemys geographica'' — northern map turtle * '' Lampropeltis triangulum'' — milksnake * ''

'' (Great Lakes population) — eastern ribbonsnake

Amphibians

Extirpated amphibians

* '' Ambystoma tigrinum'' (Great Lakes population) — tiger salamander

Endangered amphibians

* '' Acris crepitans'' — northern cricket frog * ''

Ambystoma texanum The small-mouth salamander (''Ambystoma texanum'') is a species of mole salamander found in the central United States, from the Great Lakes region in Michigan to Nebraska, south to Texas, and east to Tennessee, with a population in Canada, in P ...

'' — small-mouthed salamander * '' Ambystoma tigrinum'' (southern mountain population) — tiger salamander * '' Ascaphus montanus'' — Rocky Mountain tailed frog * ''

Rana pipiens ''Lithobates pipiens''Integrated Taxonomic Information System nternet2012''Lithobates pipiens'' pdated 2012 Sept; cited 2012 Dec 26Available from: www.itis.gov/ or ''Rana pipiens'', commonly known as the northern leopard frog, is a species of le ...

'' (southern mountain population) — northern leopard frog * '' Rana pretiosa'' — Oregon spotted frog

Threatened amphibians

* '' Ambystoma jeffersonianum'' — Jefferson salamander * ''

Bufo fowleri Fowler's toad (''Anaxyrus fowleri'') is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. The species is native to North America, where it occurs in much of the eastern United States and parts of adjacent Canada. It was previously considered a subspec ...

'' — Fowler's toad * '' Desmognathus ochrophaeus'' — Allegheny Mountain dusky salamander * '' Dicamptodon tenebrosus'' — coastal giant salamander * '' Spea intermontana'' — Great Basin spadefoot

Amphibians of special concern

* '' Ascaphus truei'' — coast tailed frog * ''

Bufo boreas The western toad (''Anaxyrus boreas'') is a large toad species, between long, native to western North America. ''A. boreas'' is frequently encountered during the wet season on roads, or near water at other times. It can jump a considerable distan ...

'' — western toad * '' Bufo cognatus'' — Great Plains toad * ''

Gyrinophilus porphyriticus ''Gyrinophilus'', the spring salamanders, are a genus of salamanders in the family Plethodontidae. The genus is endemic to the Appalachian Mountains of the eastern United States and Canada. Their habitat In ecology, the term habitat summ ...

'' — spring salamander * '' Plethodon idahoensis'' — Coeur d'Alene salamander * '' Rana aurora'' — red-legged frog * ''

'' (western boreal/prairie populations) — northern leopard frog

Fish

Extirpated fish

* '' Erimystax x-punctatus'' — gravel chub * '' Polyodon spathula'' — paddlefish

Endangered fish

* '' Acipenser transmontanus'' — white sturgeon * ''Catostomus catostomus'' subsp. — Salish sucker * '' Coregonus huntsmani'' — Atlantic whitefish * ''

Coregonus reighardi The shortnose cisco (''Coregonus reighardi'') is a North American freshwater whitefish in the salmon family Salmonidae. One of the members of the broader ''Coregonus artedi'' species complex of ciscoes, it is native to the Great Lakes of Canada ...

'' — shortnose cisco * ''Gasterosteus'' sp. — benthic Enos Lake stickleback * ''Gasterosteus'' sp. — benthic Paxton Lake stickleback * ''Gasterosteus'' sp. — benthic Vananda Creek stickleback * ''Gasterosteus'' sp. — limnetic Enos Lake stickleback * ''Gasterosteus'' sp. — limnetic Paxton Lake stickleback * ''Gasterosteus'' sp. — limnetic Vananda Creek stickleback * ''

Lampetra richardsoni The Western brook lamprey (''Lampetra richardsoni'') is a small (<18 cm), widely distributed, non-parasitic species of

jawless fi ...

var. marifuga'' —

Morrison Creek lamprey Morrison may refer to: People * Morrison (surname), people with the Scottish surname Morrison * Morrison Heady (1829–1915), American poet * Morrison Mann MacBride (1877–1938), Canadian merchant Places in the United States * Morrison, Colorado ...

* '' Moxostoma hubbsi'' — copper redhorse * ''

Notropis anogenus The pugnose shiner (''Notropis anogenus'') is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus ''Notropis''. It is in the family Cyprinidae which consists of freshwater carps and minnows. Cyprinidae is the largest fish family which consists of about 369 ...

'' — pugnose shiner * '' Noturus stigmosus'' — northern madtom * ''Rhinichthys cataractae'' subsp. — Nooksack dace * '' Salmo salar'' (Inner Bay of Fundy populations) — Atlantic salmon * ''

Salvelinus fontinalis timagamiensis The aurora trout, ''Salvelinus fontinalis timagamiensis'', is a variant or subspecies of the brook trout native to two lakes in the Temagami District of Ontario, Canada. The existence of the fish was brought to the attention of the angling wor ...

'' — aurora trout

Threatened fish

* '' Ammocrypta pellucida'' — eastern sand darter * '' Anarhichas denticulatus'' — northern wolffish * '' Anarhichas minor'' — spotted wolffish * ''

Cottus confusus The shorthead sculpin (''Cottus confusus'') is a species of fish in the family Cottidae. It is found in the United States and Canada, inhabiting the Columbia River drainage in Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Montana, and British Columbia. It is also f ...

'' — shorthead sculpin * ''Cottus'' sp. — Cultus pygmy sculpin * ''Cottus'' sp. (St. Mary and Milk River populations) — eastslope sculpin * ''

Erimyzon sucetta The lake chubsucker (''Erimyzon sucetta'') is a freshwater fish endemic to North America, found in the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River basin, as far north as Ontario, Canada, extending south to the Gulf of Mexico. It is mainly found in lake ...

'' — lake chubsucker * '' Hybognathus argyritis'' — western silvery minnow * '' Lampetra macrostoma'' — Vancouver lamprey * '' Lepisosteus oculatus'' — spotted gar * '' Notropis percobromus'' — carmine shiner * '' Osmerus spectrum'' — Lake Utopia dwarf smelt * '' Percina copelandi'' — channel darterm

Fish of special concern

* '' Acipenser medirostris'' — green sturgeon * '' Anarhichas lupus'' — Atlantic wolffish * '' Coregonus kiyi kiyi'' — Upper Great Lakes kiyi * '' Cottus hubbsi'' — Columbia sculpin * '' Esox americanus vermiculatus'' — grass pickerel * '' Fundulus diaphanus'' (Newfoundland population) — banded killifish * '' Fundulus notatus'' — blackstripe topminnow * ''

Lepomis gulosus The warmouth (''Lepomis gulosus'') is a freshwater fish of the sunfish family (Centrarchidae) that is found throughout the eastern United States. Other local names include molly, redeye, goggle-eye, red-eyed bream, and strawberry perch. Descript ...

'' — warmouth * ''

Macrhybopsis storeriana The silver chub (''Macrhybopsis storeriana'') is a species of freshwater fish of the family Cyprinidae found in North America. Description The maximum size of a silver chub is 231mm (9.09 in) in total length.Gilbert, C. R. 1980. Silver chu ...

'' — silver chub * ''

Minytrema melanops The spotted sucker (''Minytrema melanops'') is a species of sucker (fish) that is native to eastern North America. The spotted sucker inhabits deep pools of small to medium rivers over clay, sand or gravel. They are occasionally found in creeks a ...

'' — spotted sucker * '' Moxostoma carinatum'' — river redhorse * ''

Myoxocephalus thompsonii The deepwater sculpin (''Myoxocephalus thompsonii'') is a species of freshwater fish in the family Cottidae of order Scorpaeniformes. It is a glacial relict, native to a limited number of deep, cold lakes in Canada and the United States. The d ...

'' (Great Lakes–Western St. Lawrence populations) — deepwater sculpin * '' Notropis bifrenatus'' — bridle shiner * '' Opsopoeodus emiliae'' — pugnose minnow

Arthropods

Extirpated arthropods

* '' Callophrys (Incisalia) irus'' — frosted elfin * '' Euchloe ausonides'' — island marble * '' Plebejus melissa samuelis'' — Karner blue

Endangered arthropods

* '' Apodemia mormo'' (southern mountain population) — Mormon metalmark * ''

Bombus affinis ''Bombus affinis'', commonly known as the rusty patched bumble bee, is a species of bumblebee endemic to North America. Its historical range in North America has been throughout the east and upper Midwest of the United States, north to Ontario, ...

'' - rusty-patched bumble bee * ''

Bombus bohemicus ''Bombus bohemicus'', also known as the gypsy's cuckoo bumblebee, is a species of socially parasitic cuckoo bumblebee found in most of Europe with the exception of the southern Iberian Peninsula and Iceland. ''B. bohemicus'' practices inquilinis ...

'' - gypsy cuckoo bumble bee * ''

Brychius hungerfordi Hungerford's crawling water beetle (''Brychius hungerfordi'') is a critically endangered member of the family Haliplidae of water beetles. The US Fish and Wildlife Service Draft Recovery Plan for the species published in August 2004 estimates ro ...

'' - Hungerford's crawling water beetle * ''

Cicindela patruela ''Cicindela patruela'', commonly known as northern barrens tiger beetle is a species of tiger beetle from the subfamily Cicindelinae. The species is brown in colour and is long. It is native to Ontario where it lives two years in sands and fl ...

'' - Northern Barrens tiger beetle * ''

Coenonympha nipisiquit ''Coenonympha nipisiquit'', the maritime ringlet, is a rare butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is a "species at risk" in Canada due to water pollution and its limited range. Its range is restricted in Canada to the Chaleur Bay region, betw ...

'' — maritime ringlet * ''

Copablepharon fuscum The sand-verbena moth (''Copablepharon fuscum'') is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found on sandy ocean beaches in British Columbia and Washington (U.S. State), Washington. The wingspan is 35–40 mm. The larvae feed on ''Abronia la ...

'' — sand-verbena moth * '' Erynnis persius persius'' — eastern Persius duskywing * ''

Erynnis martialis ''Erynnis martialis'', the mottled duskywing, is a butterfly of the family Hesperiidae. It is found in most of the eastern United States and in southern Ontario, and southeastern Manitoba.COSEWIC. 2012COSEWIC Assessment and Status Report on ...

'' - mottled duskywing * ''

Euphydryas editha taylori ''Euphydryas editha taylori'', the Whulge checkerspot or Taylor's checkerspot, is a butterfly native to an area of the northwestern United States and Vancouver Island. Description Taylor's checkerspot is the darkest subspecies of the genus ''Eup ...

'' — Taylor's checkerspot * ''Gomphus ventricosus'' - skillet clubtail * ''Hemileuca'' sp. - bogbean buckmoth * '' Hesperia ottoe'' — Ottoe skipper * ''

Papaipema aweme ''Papaipema aweme'', known generally as the Aweme borer moth or small white-aster moth, is a species of cutworm or dart moth in the family Noctuidae The Noctuidae, commonly known as owlet moths, cutworms or armyworms, are a family of moths. Th ...

'' — Aweme borer * '' Icaricia saepiolus insulanus'' — island blue * ''

Prodoxus quinquepunctellus ''Prodoxus quinquepunctellus'' is a moth of the family Prodoxidae. It is found from southern Alberta, Canada, to the Mexican Plateau of northern Mexico. The habitat consists of desert, grassland, openings in pine or deciduous forests and coastal ...

'' — five-spotted bogus yucca moth * '' Satyrium semiluna'' — half-moon hairstreak * ''

Schinia avemensis ''Schinia avemensis'', the gold-edged gem, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. The species was first described by Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. in 1904. It is found in only three colonies in the southern prairie provinces of Canada, the Spirit Dunes at ...

'' — gold-edged gem * ''

Schinia bimatris The white flower moth (''Schinia bimatris'') is a moth of the family Noctuidae found in the United States and Canada.

'' — white flower moth * '' Somatochlora hineana'' - Hine's emerald * ''Stylurus amnicola'' - riverine clubtail * ''Stylurus laurae'' - Laura's clubtail * ''Stylurus olivaceus'' - olive clubtail * ''

Tegeticula corruptrix ''Tegeticula corruptrix'' is a moth of the family Prodoxidae. It is found in North America in south-western California, Arizona, New Mexico, northern Coahuila, western and southern Texas, Colorado, Alberta, the western plains of Nebraska, Wyomin ...

'' — non-pollinating yucca moth * '' Tegeticula yuccasella'' — yucca moth

Threatened arthropods

* '' Apodemia mormo'' (prairie population) — Mormon metalmark * '' Euphyes vestris'' (western population) — dun skipper * ''

Hesperia dacotae ''Hesperia dacotae'', the Dakota skipper, is a small to medium-sized North American butterfly. It has a wingspan of approximately one inch and the antennae form a hook. The male's wings are a tawny-orange to brown on the forewings with a prominen ...

'' — Dakota skipper * ''

Oarisma poweshiek ''Oarisma poweshiek'', the Poweshiek skipperling, is a North American butterfly in the family Hesperiidae (skippers), subfamily Hesperiinae (grass skippers). The range of this species in Canada is restricted to southeastern Manitoba, and in the ...

'' — Poweshiek skipperling * '' Satyrium behrii columbia'' — Behr's hairstreak, ''columbia'' subspecies

Arthropods of special concern

* ''

Danaus plexippus The monarch butterfly or simply monarch (''Danaus plexippus'') is a milkweed butterfly (subfamily Danainae) in the family Nymphalidae. Other common names, depending on region, include milkweed, common tiger, wanderer, and black-veined brown. It ...

'' — monarch * '' Limenitis weidemeyerii'' — Weidemeyer's admiral * '' Polites sonora'' — Sonora skipper

Molluscs

Extirpated molluscs

* ''

Alasmidonta heterodon The dwarf wedgemussel (''Alasmidonta heterodon'') is an endangered species of freshwater mussel, an aquatic bivalve mollusk in the family Unionidae, the river mussels. Distribution and conservation status This is a rare species found solely ...

'' — dwarf wedgemussel * ''

Cryptomastix devia ''Cryptomastix devia'', common name the Puget Oregonian snail, (''Escargot du Puget'') is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Polygyridae. Distribution and conservation status This sp ...

'' — Puget Oregonian snail

Endangered molluscs

* ''

Allogona townsendiana ''Allogona townsendiana'', common name the Oregon forestsnail, is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Polygyridae. Distribution and conservation status This snail species lives in Bri ...

'' — Oregon forestsnail * ''

Epioblasma torulosa rangiana The northern riffleshell (''Epioblasma torulosa rangiana''), is a subspecies of freshwater mussel, an aquatic animal, aquatic bivalve mollusk in the family Unionidae, the river mussels. This subspecies is endangered. This species was formerly f ...

'' — northern riffleshell * '' Epioblasma triquetra'' — snuffbox * ''

Haliotis kamtschatkana ''Haliotis kamtschatkana'', common name the northern abalone, threaded abalone, or pinto abalone, is a species of large sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Haliotidae, the abalones. It has been listed as "Endangered" by the IUCN ...

'' — northern abalone * '' Lampsilis fasciola'' — wavy-rayed lampmussel * ''

Obovaria subrotunda ''Obovaria subrotunda'', common name the round hickorynut, is a species of freshwater mussel, an aquatic bivalve Bivalvia (), in previous centuries referred to as the Lamellibranchiata and Pelecypoda, is a class of marine and freshwa ...

'' — round hickorynut * ''

Physella johnsoni The Banff Springs snail (''Physella johnsoni'') is a species of small air-breathing freshwater snail in the family Physidae. Based on molecular research, it appears that ''Physella johnsoni'' separated out as a species from '' Physella gyrina'' ...

'' — Banff Springs snail * ''

Physella wrighti ''Physella wrighti'', common name the hotwater physa, is a species of small air-breathing freshwater snail, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Physidae. Distribution This species lives in British Columbia, Canada, found only in the ...

'' — hotwater physa * ''

Pleurobema sintoxia ''Pleurobema sintoxia'', the round pigtoe, is a species of freshwater mussel, an aquatic bivalve mollusk in the family Unionidae, the river mussels. Distribution and conservation status This species is native to eastern North America. It ...

'' — round pigtoe * '' Prophysaon coelureum'' — blue-grey taildropper slug * '' Ptychobranchus fasciolaris'' — kidneyshell * '' Simpsonaias ambigua'' — mudpuppy mussel * ''

Villosa fabalis ''Villosa fabalis'', the rayed bean, is a species of freshwater mussel, an aquatic bivalve mollusk in the family Unionidae, the river mussels. Distribution and conservation status This species lives in eastern North America. It is native t ...

'' — rayed bean

Threatened molluscs

* ''

Hemphillia dromedarius The ''Hemphillia dromedarius'', common name the dromedary jumping-slug, is a species of air-breathing land slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Arionidae, the roundback slugs. Description The ''Hemphillia dromedarius'' i ...

'' — dromedary jumping-slug

Molluscs of special concern

* ''

Gonidea angulata ''Gonidea angulata'', the western ridged mussel or Rocky Mountain ridged mussel, is a species of freshwater mussel, an aquatic bivalve mollusk in the family Unionidae, the river mussels. It is the only species in the genus ''Gonidea''. Descri ...

'' — Rocky Mountain ridged mussel * ''

Lampsilis cariosa ''Lampsilis cariosa'', the yellow lampmussel, is a species of freshwater mussel, an aquatic bivalve mollusk in the family Unionidae, the river mussels. Its natural habitat is rivers. Distribution and conservation status This species is fo ...

'' — yellow lampmussel * ''Nearctula'' sp. — threaded vertigo * ''

Ostrea conchaphila ''Ostrea conchaphila'' is a species of oyster, a marine bivalve mollusk which lives on the Pacific coast of Mexico south of Baja California. Until recently there was some confusion as to whether this more southern oyster species might in fact be ...

'' — Olympia oyster

Vascular plants

Extirpated vascular plants

* ''

Collinsia verna ''Collinsia verna'', or blue-eyed Mary, is a winter annual that is native to the eastern and central parts of North America but has become endangered in the states of New York and Tennessee. The flowers are bicolored white and blue. It is a plan ...

'' — spring blue-eyed mary * ''

Desmodium illinoense ''Desmodium illinoense'', the Illinois ticktrefoil, is a flowering plant in the bean family (Fabaceae), native to the central United States and Ontario, Canada. Illinois ticktrefoil grows in sunny places, such as prairies and oak savannas of the ...

'' — Illinois tick-trefoil

Endangered vascular plants

* ''

Abronia umbellata ''Abronia umbellata'' (pink sand verbena) is a flowering annual plant which is native to western North America. Other common names include beach sand verbena and purple sand verbena. Distribution This plant is generally found in sandy, well- ...

'' — pink sand-verbena * ''

Actaea elata ''Actaea elata''''Actaea elata''.
Integrated Taxonomic Informati ...

'' — tall bugbane * '' Adiantum capillus-veneris'' — southern maidenhair fern * '' Agalinis aspera'' — rough agalinis * ''

Agalinis gattingeri ''Agalinis gattingeri'', the roundstem false foxglove, is an annual hemiparasitic forb measuring between 10.5 and 60.5 cm in height. Description ''Agalinis gattingeri'' is an annual species with upright, slender, round stem Stem or STEM ...

'' — Gattinger's agalinis * '' Agalinis skinneriana'' — Skinner's agalinis * ''

Ammannia robusta ''Ammannia robusta'' is a species of flowering plant in the loosestrife family known by the common name grand redstem. It is widespread across much of North America (from British Columbia and Ontario to Guatemala) with additional populations i ...

'' — scarlet ammannia * ''

Antennaria flagellaris ''Antennaria flagellaris'' is a North American species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common names whip pussytoes and stoloniferous pussytoes. It is native primarily to the Great Basin and Columbia Plateau regions of Was ...

'' — stoloniferous pussytoes * '' Aristida basiramea'' — forked three-awned grass * '' balsamorhiza deltoidea'' — deltoid balsamroot * ''

Betula lenta ''Betula lenta'' (sweet birch, also known as black birch, cherry birch, mahogany birch, or spice birch) is a species of birch native to eastern North America, from southern Maine west to southernmost Ontario, and south in the Appalachian Mount ...

'' — cherry birch * ''

Braya longii ''Braya longii'', common name Long's Braya or Long's northern rockcress, is a small, herbaceous, arctic-alpine flowering plant that grows only in the cool, wet and windy climate of the coastal limestone barrens of northern Newfoundland. It is a ...

'' — Long's braya * ''

Buchnera americana ''Buchnera americana'', commonly known as American bluehearts or bupleurum, is a locally endangered herbaceous perennial plant of the broomrape family Orobanchaceae. Found widely across the eastern United States, it also occurs in one locatio ...

'' — bluehearts * ''

Camissonia contorta ''Camissonia contorta'' is a species of evening primrose known by the common name plains evening primrose. It is an annual herb producing a slender, bending to curling red or green stem which is sometimes hairy. It is up to 30 centimeters long ...

'' — contorted-pod evening-primrose * '' Carex lupuliformis'' — false hop sedge * '' Carex juniperorum'' — juniper sedge * ''

Castanea dentata The American chestnut (''Castanea dentata'') is a large, fast-growing deciduous tree of the beech family native to eastern North America. As is true of all species in genus Castanea, the American chestnut produces burred fruit with edible nuts. ...

'' — American chestnut * '' Castilleja levisecta'' — golden paintbrush * ''

Chimaphila maculata ''Chimaphila maculata'' (spotted wintergreen, also called striped wintergreen, striped prince's pine, spotted pipsissewa, ratsbane, or rheumatism root) is a small, perennial, evergreen herb native to eastern North America and Central America, fr ...

'' — spotted wintergreen * '' Cirsium pitcheri'' — Pitcher's thistle * ''

Collomia tenella ''Collomia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Polemoniaceae. Species in the genus are known generally as trumpets, mountain trumpets,Coreopsis rosea ''Coreopsis rosea'' is a North American species of ''Coreopsis'' in the family Asteraceae. It has a discontinuous distribution in the eastern United States and Canada, found in Nova Scotia, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New York, New Jersey, Penns ...

'' — pink coreopsis * '' Cryptantha minima'' — tiny cryptanthe * '' Cypripedium candidum'' — small white lady's-slipper * ''

Drosera filiformis ''Drosera filiformis'', commonly known as the thread-leaved sundew, is a small, insectivorous, rosette-forming species of perennial herb. A species of sundew, it is unusual within its genus in that the long, erect, filiform (thread-like) leaves ...

'' — thread-leaved sundew * '' Eleocharis equisetoides'' — horsetail spike-rush * ''

Epilobium densiflorum ''Epilobium densiflorum'' is a species of willowherb known by the common names denseflower willowherb, dense spike-primrose or dense boisduvalia. It is native to western North America from British Columbia to Baja California, where it is found in ...

'' — dense spike-primrose * ''

Epilobium torreyi ''Epilobium torreyi'' is a species of flowering plant in the evening primrose family known by the common names Torrey's willowherb and brook spike-primrose. It is native to western North America from British Columbia to California, where it grow ...

'' — brook spike-primrose * ''

Frasera caroliniensis ''Frasera caroliniensis'', commonly known as American columbo or yellow gentian, is a herbaceous perennial of the gentian family Gentianaceae found in the deciduous forest of Southern Ontario and throughout the eastern and southeastern United St ...

'' — American columbo * '' Gentiana alba'' — white prairie gentian * '' Geum peckii'' — eastern mountain avens * '' Isoetes engelmannii'' — Engelmann's quillwort * ''

Isotria medeoloides ''Isotria medeoloides'', commonly known as small whorled pogonia or little five leaves, is a terrestrial orchid found in temperate Eastern North America. Distribution The orchid's range is from southern Maine south to Georgia and west to souther ...

'' — small whorled pogonia * ''

Isotria verticillata ''Isotria verticillata'', commonly known as the large whorled pogonia and purple fiveleaf orchid, is an orchid species native to eastern North America. Distribution The orchid's native range is across the Eastern United States in the Appalachian ...

'' — large whorled pogonia * ''

Juglans cinerea ''Juglans cinerea'', commonly known as butternut or white walnut,Snow, Charles Henry ''The Principal Species of Wood: Their Characteristic Properties'' 2nd ed. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1908. p. 56. is a species of walnut native to the ...

'' — butternut * ''

Juncus kelloggii ''Juncus kelloggii'' is a species of rush known by the common name Kellogg's dwarf rush. It is native to western North America from British Columbia to California, where it grows in low, wet spots in meadows and other grassy areas, for example, ...

'' — Kellogg's rush * ''

Lespedeza virginica ''Lespedeza virginica'', known as slender bush clover or slender lespedeza, is a species of flowering plant native to much of the United States, as well as Ontario, Canada, and Nuevo León, Mexico. It is a member of the bean family, Fabaceae. D ...

'' — slender bush-clover * ''

Liparis liliifolia ''Liparis liliifolia'', known as the brown widelip orchid, lily-leaved twayblade, large twayblade, and mauve sleekwort, is a species of orchid native to eastern Canada and the eastern United States. It can be found in a variety of habitats, such ...

'' — purple twayblade * ''

Lipocarpha micrantha ''Lipocarpha micrantha'', known as dwarf bulrush, small-flowered hemicarpha, small-flower halfchaff sedge, common hemicarpa and tiny-flowered sedge, is a species of flowering plant in the sedge family (Cyperaceae) native to North America. Cons ...

'' — small-flowered lipocarpha * ''

Lotus formosissimus ''Hosackia gracilis'', synonym ''Lotus formosissimus'', is a species of legume native to western North America from British Columbia through Washington and Oregon to California. It was first described by George Bentham. It is known by the common ...

'' — seaside bird's-foot lotus * '' Lotus pinnatus'' — bog bird's-foot trefoil * '' Lupinus densiflorus'' — dense-flowered lupine * ''Lupinus lepidus'' var. ''lepidus'' — prairie lupine * ''

Lupinus rivularis ''Lupinus rivularis'' is a species of lupine known by the common name riverbank lupine native to North America. It is also commonly known as river lupine, streambank lupine, and stream lupine.Darris, D.; Young-Mathews, A. Plant Fact Sheet for Ri ...

'' — streambank lupine * '' Magnolia acuminata'' — cucumber tree * ''

Meconella oregana ''Meconella oregana'', the white fairypoppy, is a plant species native to Oregon, California, Washington and British Columbia British Columbia (commonly abbreviated as BC) is the westernmost province of Canada, situated between the Pacific ...

'' — white meconella * ''

Microseris bigelovii ''Microseris bigelovii'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common name coastal silverpuffs. It is native to the west coast of North America, where its range extends from the southern tip of Vancouver Island to ...

'' — coast microseris * ''

Minuartia pusilla ''Minuartia pusilla'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Caryophyllaceae known by the common names annual sandwort and dwarf stitchwort. It is native to western North America from British Columbia to southern California to Utah, from ...

'' — dwarf sandwort * '' Morus rubra'' — red mulberry * '' Opuntia humifusa'' — eastern prickly pear cactus * '' Orthocarpus barbatus'' — Grand Coulee owl-clover * '' Orthocarpus bracteosus'' — rosy owl-clover * '' Panax quinquefolius'' — American ginseng * '' Pedicularis furbishiae'' — Furbish's lousewort * ''

Phacelia ramosissima ''Phacelia ramosissima'' is a species of phacelia known by the common name branching phacelia. It is native to western North America from British Columbia to California and the Southwestern United States, where it can be found in many types of h ...

'' — branched phacelia * '' Plantago cordata'' — heart-leaved plantain * ''

Platanthera leucophaea ''Platanthera leucophaea'', commonly known as the prairie white fringed orchid or eastern prairie fringed orchid, is a rare species of orchid native to North America. It is listed as a threatened species in the United States on September 28, 1 ...

'' — eastern prairie fringed-orchid * ''

Platanthera praeclara ''Platanthera praeclara'', known as the western prairie fringed orchid and the Great Plains white fringed orchid, is a rare and threatened species of orchid native to North America. Distribution Historically, ''Platanthera praeclara'' was found ...

'' — western prairie fringed-orchid * '' Polygala incarnata'' — pink milkwort * ''

Psilocarphus brevissimus ''Psilocarphus brevissimus'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common names short woollyheads, woolly marbles, and woolly heads. The plant is native to western North America — from southwestern Canada, throug ...

'' (southern mountain population) — dwarf woolly-heads * ''

Psilocarphus elatior ''Psilocarphus elatior'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common names tall woollyheads, meadow woollyheads and tall woolly-marbles. It is native to the Pacific Northwest in western North America from Vancouve ...

'' — tall woolly-heads * ''

Pycnanthemum incanum ''Pycnanthemum incanum'', with the common name hoary mountainmint, "mountain mint", wild basil or hoary basil, is a herbaceous perennial in the mint family. Distribution The plant is widespread across Eastern United States and into Ontario, Cana ...

'' — hoary mountain-mint * ''Ranunculus alismifolius'' var. ''alismifolius'' — water-plantain buttercup * ''

Rotala ramosior ''Rotala ramosior'' is a species of flowering plant in the loosestrife family known by the common name lowland rotala. This aquatic or semiaquatic plant is native to North America, where it grows in lakes, streams, and irrigation ditches. The ...

'' — toothcup * ''

Salix jejuna ''Salix jejuna'', the barrens willow, is a tiny willow restricted to a 30 km stretch of coastal barren lands of the Strait of Belle Isle on the Great Northern Peninsula of Newfoundland. It was first found in Labrador by Archibald Gowanlock ...

'' — barrens willow * ''

Sanicula arctopoides ''Sanicula arctopoides'' is a species of sanicle known commonly as footsteps of spring, bear's foot sanicle or yellow mats. It is a perennial herb found on the west coast of the United States and Canada, especially near the ocean. The branches ar ...

'' — bear's-foot sanicle * '' Silene scouleri grandis'' — coastal Scouler's catchfly * ''

Silene spaldingii ''Silene spaldingii'' is a rare species of flowering plant in the family Caryophyllaceae known by the common names Spalding's silene, Spalding's catchfly and Spalding's campion. It is native to eastern Washington, eastern Oregon, northern Ida ...

'' — Spalding's campion * '' Solidago speciosa'' — showy goldenrod * ''

Stylophorum diphyllum ''Stylophorum diphyllum'', commonly called the celandine poppy or wood poppy, is an herbaceous plant in the poppy family (Papaveraceae). It is native to North America, where it is found in the eastern United States and Ontario. Its typical natur ...

'' — wood-poppy * ''

Symphyotrichum frondosum ''Symphyotrichum frondosum'' (formerly ''Aster frondosus'') is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae native to western North America. Commonly known as short-rayed alkali aster, it is an annual or perennial herbaceous pla ...

'' — short-rayed alkali aster * ''

Tephrosia virginiana ''Tephrosia virginiana'', also known as goat-rue, goat's rue, catgut, rabbit pea, Virginia tephrosia, hoary pea, and devil's shoestring is a perennial dicot in family Fabaceae. The plant is native to central and eastern North America. Descripti ...

'' — Virginia goat's-rue * '' Tonella tenella'' — small-flowered tonella * '' Trichophorum planifolium'' — bashful bulrush * '' Trillium flexipes'' — drooping trillium * ''

Triphora trianthophora ''Triphora trianthophoros'', the threebirds or three birds orchid, or nodding pogonia, is a species of terrestrial orchid native to eastern North America. Description ''Triphora trianthophoros'' is a small, terrestrial, semi-saprophytic orc ...

'' — nodding pogonia * '' Triphysaria versicolor versicolor'' — bearded owl-clover * ''

Tripterocalyx micranthus ''Tripterocalyx micranthus'' is a species of flowering plant in the four o'clock family known by the common names smallflower sandverbena and small-flowered sand-verbena. It is native to North America, where it is known from southern Alberta and ...

'' — small-flowered sand-verbena * '' Triteleia howellii'' — Howell's triteleia * '' Viola pedata'' — bird's-foot violet * ''

Woodsia obtusa ''Physematium obtusum'', the bluntlobe cliff fern, is a common rock fern of Appalachia and eastern North America. It prefers a calcareous substrate, but also grows in neutral soils. It may grow on rock faces or in scree. This fern is often c ...

'' — blunt-lobed woodsia

Threatened vascular plants

* ''

Aletris farinosa ''Aletris farinosa'', called the unicorn root, true unicorn, crow-corn, white colic-root or white stargrass, is a plant species found across much of the eastern United States. It has also been reported from the southern part of Ontario, Canada. I ...

'' — colicroot * '' Azolla mexicana'' — Mexican mosquito-fern * '' Bartonia paniculata paniculata'' — branched bartonia * ''

Braya fernaldii ''Braya'' is a genus of plants in the family Brassicaceae. *'' Braya alpina'' Sternb. & Hoppe *'' Braya fernaldii'' Abbe *'' Braya forrestii'' W.W.Sm. *'' Braya glabella'' Richardson *'' Braya humilis'' (C.A. Mey.) B.L. Rob. *'' Braya linearis'' ...

'' — Fernald's braya * ''

Buchloe dactyloides ''Bouteloua dactyloides'', commonly known as buffalograss or a buffalo grass, is a North American prairie grass native to Canada, Mexico, and the United States. It is a shortgrass found mainly on the High Plains and is co-dominant with blue gram ...

'' — buffalograss * ''

Calochortus lyallii ''Calochortus lyallii'', or Lyall's mariposa lily, is a North American species of flowering plant in the lily family. It is native and endemic to Province of British Columbia in western Canada, as well as the State of Washington in the northwes ...

'' — Lyall's mariposa lily * ''

Camassia scilloides ''Camassia scilloides'' is a perennial herb known commonly as Atlantic camas, wild hyacinth,

'' — wild hyacinth * '' Carex sabulosa'' — Baikal sedge * '' Castilleja rupicola'' — cliff paintbrush * '' Celtis tenuifolia'' — dwarf hackberry * '' Cephalanthera austiniae'' — phantom orchid * '' Chenopodium subglabrum'' — smooth goosefoot * ''

Cirsium hillii ''Cirsium pumilum'' var. ''hillii'' is a type of thistle endemic to North America. The common name for this plant is Hill's thistle. Description Hill's thistle is a low-growing thistle usually reaching in height, with a taproot system that ru ...

'' — Hill's thistle * ''

Corydalis scouleri ''Corydalis'' (from Greek ''korydalís'' " crested lark") is a genus of about 470 species of annual and perennial herbaceous plants in the family Papaveraceae, native to the temperate Northern Hemisphere and the high mountains of tropical ea ...

'' — Scouler's corydalis * ''Dalea villosa'' var. ''villosa'' — hairy prairie-clover * '' Eleocharis tuberculosa'' — tubercled spike-rush * ''

Enemion biternatum ''Enemion biternatum'' ( syn. '' Isopyrum biternatum''), commonly known as the false rue-anemone, is a spring ephemeral native to moist deciduous woodland in the eastern United States and extreme southern Ontario. Description The plant sends up ...

'' — false rue-anemone * '' Eurybia divaricata'' — white wood aster * ''Gentianopsis virgata'' subsp. ''victorinii'' — Victorin's gentian * '' Gymnocladus dioicus'' — Kentucky coffee-tree * ''

Halimolobos virgata ''Halimolobos'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Brassicaceae known generally as fissureworts. These are biennial and perennial herbs which are mostly native to North America, especially Mexico Mexico (Spanish: México), offici ...

'' — slender mouse-ear-cress * '' Hydrastis canadensis'' — goldenseal * '' Hydrocotyle umbellata'' — water-pennywort * '' Hymenoxys herbacea'' — lakeside daisy * '' Iris lacustris'' — dwarf lake iris * ''

Iris missouriensis ''Iris missouriensis'' (syn. ''I. montana'') is a hardy flowering rhizomatous species of the genus ''Iris'', in the family Iridaceae. Its common names include western blue flag, Rocky Mountain iris,Donald Wyman and Missouri flag. It is native ...

'' — western blue flag * '' Isoetes bolanderi'' — Bolander's quillwort * '' Justicia americana'' — American water-willow * '' Lachananthes caroliniana'' — redroot * '' Liatris spicata'' — dense blazing star * '' Limnanthes macounii'' — Macoun's meadowfoam * '' Lophiola aurea'' — golden crest * ''Phlox speciosa'' subsp. ''occidentalis'' — showy phlox * '' Polemonium vanbruntiae'' — van Brunt's Jacob's-ladder * '' Polystichum lemmonii'' — Lemmon's holly fern * ''

Polystichum scopulinum ''Polystichum scopulinum'' is a species of fern known by the common names mountain hollyfern and rock sword fern. It is native to much of western North America, and it is known from disjunct occurrences in eastern Canada as well. It grows in roc ...

'' — mountain holly fern * '' Ptelea trifoliata'' — common hoptree * ''

Sabatia kennedyana ''Sabatia kennedyana'' is a species of flowering plant in the gentian family known by the common name Plymouth rose gentian. It is native to eastern North America. It has a disjunct distribution, occurring in Nova Scotia, Massachusetts, Rhode Is ...

'' — Plymouth gentian * ''

Salix chlorolepis ''Salix chlorolepis'', also known as the green-scaled willow, is a species of willow. It is endemic to Mount Albert and its surroundings in Quebec, Canada. It is listed as critically imperiled by NatureServe NatureServe, Inc. is a non-profit o ...

'' — green-scaled willow * ''

Sanicula bipinnatifida ''Sanicula bipinnatifida'' is a species of flowering plant in the parsley family known by the common names purple sanicle, purple blacksnakeroot, and shoe buttons. It is native to the west coast of North America from British Columbia to Baja ...

'' — purple sanicle * ''

Sericocarpus rigidus ''Sericocarpus rigidus'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common name Columbian whitetop aster. It is native to the Pacific Northwest of North America, where it is known from southern Vancouver Island in Briti ...

'' — white-top aster * ''

Smilax rotundifolia ''Smilax rotundifolia'', also known as roundleaf greenbrier or common greenbrier, is a woody vine native to the southeastern and eastern United States and eastern Canada. It is a common and conspicuous part of the natural forest ecosystems in m ...

'' (Great Lakes plains population) — round-leaved greenbrier * '' Symphyotrichum anticostense'' — Anticosti aster * '' Symphyotrichum laurentianum'' — Gulf of St. Lawrence aster * '' Symphyotrichum praealtum'' — willowleaf aster * ''

Symphyotrichum prenanthoides ''Symphyotrichum prenanthoides'' (formerly ''Aster prenanthoides'') is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common name crookedstem aster. It is native to northcentral and northeastern North America. This rh ...

'' — crooked-stem aster * '' Symphyotrichum sericeum'' — western silvery aster * '' Tradescantia occidentalis'' — western spiderwort * '' Vaccinium stamineum'' — deerberry * ''Viola praemorsa'' subsp. ''praemorsa'' — yellow montane violet, ''praemorsa'' subspecies * '' Yucca glauca'' — soapweed

Vascular plants of special concern

* ''Achillea millefolium'' var. ''megacephalum'' — large-headed woolly yarrow * ''Armeria maritima'' subsp. ''interior'' — Athabasca thrift * ''

Arnoglossum plantagineum ''Arnoglossum plantagineum'' also known as tuberous Indian-plantain, groovestem Indian plantain or Prairie Indian plantain, is a North American species of ''Arnoglossum'' in the sunflower family. The Latin specific epithet ''plantagineum'' ref ...

'' — tuberous Indian-plantain * ''Asplenium scolopendrium'' var. ''americanum'' — American hart's-tongue fern * ''Astragalus robbinsii'' var. ''fernaldii'' — Fernald's milk-vetch * '' Bidens amplissima'' — Vancouver Island beggarticks * ''Cicuta maculata'' var. ''victorinii'' — Victorin's water-hemlock * '' Clethra alnifolia'' — sweet pepperbush * '' Deschampsia mackenzieana'' — Mackenzie hairgrass * ''

Dryopteris arguta ''Dryopteris arguta'', with the common name coastal woodfern, is a species of wood fern. It is native to the west coast and western interior mountain ranges of North America, from British Columbia, throughout California, and into Arizona. It g ...

'' — coastal wood fern * ''

Fraxinus quadrangulata ''Fraxinus quadrangulata'', the blue ash, is a species of ash native primarily to the Midwestern United States from Oklahoma to Michigan, as well as the Bluegrass region of Kentucky and the Nashville Basin region of Tennessee. Isolated populati ...

'' — blue ash * ''

Hibiscus moscheutos ''Hibiscus moscheutos'', the rose mallow, swamp rose-mallow,COSEWIC 2004COSEWIC assessment and update status report on the swamp rose-mallow Hibiscus moscheutos in Canada.Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. Ottawa. crimsoney ...

'' — swamp rose-mallow * '' Isoetes prototypus'' — prototype quillwort * '' Juncus caesariensis'' — New Jersey rush * ''

Lilaeopsis chinensis ''Lilaeopsis chinensis'', common names eastern grasswort, eastern lilaeopsis, and lilaeopsis, is a plant that is native to North America. Conservation status It is listed as threatened in Maine, New Hampshire, and New York, as a special concern ...

'' — eastern lilaeopsis * '' Potamogeton hillii'' — Hill's pondweed * ''

'' (prairie population) — dwarf woolly-heads * ''

'' (prairie population) — tall woolly-heads * '' Rosa setigera'' — climbing prairie rose * ''Salix brachycarpa'' var. ''psammophila'' — sand dune short-capsuled willow * '' Salix silicicola'' — felt-leaf willow * ''

Salix turnorii ''Salix turnorii'', also known as Turnor's willow, is a species of willow. It is endemic to the Athabasca Sand Dunes Provincial Park in Saskatchewan, Canada. It is listed as imperiled by NatureServe. References Endemic flora of Canad ...

'' — Turnor's willow * ''

Solidago houghtonii ''Solidago houghtonii'' is a rare North American species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known as Houghton's goldenrod. It is native to southern Ontario, Canada and the northern United States (Michigan and New York). It is threatened ...

'' — Houghton's goldenrod * ''

Solidago riddellii ''Solidago riddellii'', known as Riddell's goldenrod, is a North American plant species in the genus ''Solidago'' of the family Asteraceae. It grows primarily in the Great Lakes and eastern Great Plains of Canada and the United States. It is some ...

'' — Riddell's goldenrod * ''Tanacetum huronense'' var. ''floccosum'' — floccose tansy

Mosses

Extirpated mosses

* '' Ptychomitrium incurvum'' — incurved grizzled moss

Endangered mosses

* ''

Bartramia stricta Bartramia may refer to either of two genera: * ''Bartramia'' (bird) is a genus of bird of the family Scolopacidae, including the upland sandpiper * ''Bartramia'' (plant) is a genus of mosses in the class Bryopsida, including Haller's apple ...

'' — rigid apple moss * '' Bryoandersonia illecebra'' — spoon-leaved moss * '' Entosthodon rubiginosus'' — rusty cord-moss * '' Fabronia pusilla'' — silver hair moss * ''

Fissidens pauperculus ''Fissidens'' is a genus of haplolepideous mosses (Dicranidae) in the family Fissidentaceae. Selected species: * ''Fissidens abbreviatus'' * ''Fissidens acacioides'' * '' Fissidens aciphyllus'' * ''Fissidens acreanus'' * '' Fissidens acutissim ...

'' — poor pocket moss * '' Scouleria marginata'' — margined streamside moss

Threatened mosses

* ''

Bartramia halleriana ''Bartramia halleriana'', the Haller's apple-moss or Haller's bartramia moss, is a species of moss Mosses are small, non-vascular flowerless plants in the taxonomic division Bryophyta (, ) '' sensu stricto''. Bryophyta (''sensu lato'', Sc ...

'' — Haller's apple moss * '' Pterygoneurum kozlovii'' — alkaline wing-nerved moss

Mosses of special concern

* '' Bryoerythrophyllum columbianum'' — Columbian carpet moss * '' Entosthodon fascicularis'' — banded cord-moss * ''

Fissidens exilis ''Fissidens exilis'' is a species of moss belonging to the family Fissidentaceae. It has cosmopolitan distribution In biogeography, cosmopolitan distribution is the term for the range of a taxon that extends across all or most of the world ...

'' — pygmy pocket moss * ''

Syntrichia laevipila ''Syntrichia'' is a large, cosmopolitan genus of mosses in the family Pottiaceae The Pottiaceae are a Family (biology), family of mosses. They form the most numerous moss family known, containing nearly 1500 species or more than 10% of the 10, ...

'' — twisted oak moss

Lichens

Endangered lichens

* '' Erioderma pedicellatum'' (Atlantic population) — boreal felt lichen * ''

Heterodermia sitchensis ''Heterodermia'' is a genus of lichenized fungi in the family Physciaceae. The genus has a widespread distribution, especially in tropical regions, and contains about 80 species. Description ''Heterodermia'' are subterranean or almost upright ...

'' — seaside centipede lichen

Threatened lichens

* ''

Leptogium rivulare ''Leptogium rivulare'', also called the flooded jellyskin lichen, is a species of lichen belonging to the family Collemataceae The Collemataceae are a lichenized family of fungi in the order Peltigerales. The family contains ten genera and abo ...

'' — flooded jellyskin

Lichens of special concern

* '' Erioderma pedicellatum'' (boreal population) — boreal felt lichen * ''

Nephroma occultum ''Nephroma'' is a genus of medium to large foliose lichens. The genus has a widespread distribution. They are sometimes called kidney lichens, named after the characteristic kidney-shaped apothecia that they produce on the lower surface of their ...

'' — cryptic paw * ''

Sclerophora peronella ''Sclerophora'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Coniocybaceae. Largely restricted to temperate In geography, the temperate climates of Earth occur in the middle latitudes (23.5° to 66.5° N/S of Equator), which span ...

'' (Nova Scotia population) — frosted glass-whiskers

References

{{Reflist 5. Amtyaz Safi, Hashmi MUA and Smith JP. 2020. A review of distribution, threats, conservation and status of freshwater turtles of Ontario, Canada. Journal of Environmental sciences. 2(1) (2020): 36-41.

External links

Species at Risk in Canada Registry

List of Species at Risk in Canada, by category
at Hinterland Who's Who Nature conservation in Canada Wildlife conservation in Canada

Wildlife Wildlife refers to undomesticated animal species, but has come to include all organisms that grow or live wild in an area without being introduced by humans. Wildlife was also synonymous to game: those birds and mammals that were hunted f ...