A total

solar eclipse A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby obscuring the view of the Sun from a small part of Earth, totally or partially. Such an alignment occurs approximately every six months, during the eclipse season i ...

occurred at the Moon's

ascending node An orbital node is either of the two points where an orbit intersects a plane of reference to which it is inclined. A non-inclined orbit, which is contained in the reference plane, has no nodes. Planes of reference Common planes of referenc ...

of orbit on Tuesday, July 2, 2019, with a

magnitude Magnitude may refer to: Mathematics *Euclidean vector, a quantity defined by both its magnitude and its direction *Magnitude (mathematics), the relative size of an object *Norm (mathematics), a term for the size or length of a vector *Order of ...

of 1.0459. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's

apparent diameter The angular diameter, angular size, apparent diameter, or apparent size is an angular separation (in units of angle) describing how large a sphere or circle appears from a given point of view. In the vision sciences, it is called the '' visual ...

is larger than the Sun's and the apparent path of the Sun and Moon intersect, blocking all direct sunlight and turning daylight into darkness; the Sun appears to be black with a halo around it. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 2.4 days before

perigee An apsis (; ) is the farthest or nearest point in the orbit of a planetary body about its primary body. The line of apsides (also called apse line, or major axis of the orbit) is the line connecting the two extreme values. Apsides perta ...

(on July 5, 2019, at 6:00 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger. Totality was visible from the southern

Pacific Ocean The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five Borders of the oceans, oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean, or, depending on the definition, to Antarctica in the south, and is ...

east of

New Zealand New Zealand () is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It consists of two main landmasses—the North Island () and the South Island ()—and List of islands of New Zealand, over 600 smaller islands. It is the List of isla ...

to the

Pitcairn Islands The Pitcairn Islands ( ; Pitkern: '), officially Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie and Oeno Islands, are a group of four volcanic islands in the southern Pacific Ocean that form the sole British Overseas Territories, British Overseas Territory in the ...

and the

Tuamotu Archipelago The Tuamotu Archipelago or the Tuamotu Islands (, officially ) are a French Polynesian chain of just under 80 islands and atolls in the southern Pacific Ocean. They constitute the largest chain of atolls in the world, extending (from northwest to ...

and finally reaching the Coquimbo Region in

Chile Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in western South America. It is the southernmost country in the world and the closest to Antarctica, stretching along a narrow strip of land between the Andes, Andes Mountains and the Paci ...

and central

Argentina Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic, is a country in the southern half of South America. It covers an area of , making it the List of South American countries by area, second-largest country in South America after Brazil, the fourt ...

near sunset, with the maximum of 4 minutes 33 seconds visible from the Pacific Ocean. A partial eclipse was visible for parts of eastern

Oceania Oceania ( , ) is a region, geographical region including Australasia, Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia. Outside of the English-speaking world, Oceania is generally considered a continent, while Mainland Australia is regarded as its co ...

South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a considerably smaller portion in the Northern Hemisphere. It can also be described as the southern Subregion#Americas, subregion o ...

, and southern

Central America Central America is a subregion of North America. Its political boundaries are defined as bordering Mexico to the north, Colombia to the southeast, the Caribbean to the east, and the Pacific Ocean to the southwest. Central America is usually ...

. A total solar eclipse crossed a similar region of the Earth about a year and a half later on December 14, 2020.

List of major cities in the path of totality

La Serena, Chile La Serena () is a List of cities in Chile, city and Communes of Chile, commune in northern Chile, capital of the Coquimbo Region. Founded in 1544, it is the country's second oldest city after the national capital, Santiago. As of 2012, it had a ...

San Juan San Juan, Spanish for Saint John (disambiguation), Saint John, most commonly refers to: * San Juan, Puerto Rico * San Juan, Argentina * San Juan, Metro Manila, a highly urbanized city in the Philippines San Juan may also refer to: Places Arge ...

, Argentina *

Bella Vista, Buenos Aires Bella Vista is a ''localidad'' (district) in San Miguel Partido which lies at the northwest part of Greater Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires Province Buenos Aires, officially the Buenos Aires Province, is the largest and most populous Provinces of ...

, Argentina *

San José de Jáchal San José de Jáchal (, often shortened to Jáchal) is a city in the northeast of the province of San Juan, Argentina, located on National Route 40, south of the Jáchal River. It has 21,018 inhabitants per the , and is the head town of the Jácha ...

, San Juan, Argentina *

Bragado Bragado is a city in the center-northwest provinces of Argentina, province of Buenos Aires Province, Buenos Aires, Argentina, and the head town of Bragado Partido. The city is 210 km west-southwest from Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires City, not f ...

Buenos Aires Buenos Aires, controlled by the government of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Argentina. It is located on the southwest of the Río de la Plata. Buenos Aires is classified as an Alpha− glob ...

, Argentina *

Junín, Buenos Aires Junín () is a city in the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina, and administrative seat of the '' partido'' of Junín. It has a population of 85,420 () and is located west of the city of Buenos Aires. It is mostly known for being the hometown o ...

, Argentina

Images

Visibility

occurs when the

Moon The Moon is Earth's only natural satellite. It Orbit of the Moon, orbits around Earth at Lunar distance, an average distance of (; about 30 times Earth diameter, Earth's diameter). The Moon rotation, rotates, with a rotation period (lunar ...

passes between

Earth Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only astronomical object known to Planetary habitability, harbor life. This is enabled by Earth being an ocean world, the only one in the Solar System sustaining liquid surface water. Almost all ...

and the

Sun The Sun is the star at the centre of the Solar System. It is a massive, nearly perfect sphere of hot plasma, heated to incandescence by nuclear fusion reactions in its core, radiating the energy from its surface mainly as visible light a ...

, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's

is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Following the

North American North America is a continent in the Northern and Western hemispheres. North America is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Caribbean Sea, and to the sou ...

solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 The solar eclipse of August 21, 2017, dubbed the "Great American Eclipse" by some media, was a total solar eclipse visible within a band that spanned the contiguous United States from the Pacific Ocean, Pacific to the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic c ...

, Astronomers Without Borders collected eclipse glasses for redistribution to Latin America and Asia for the 2019 eclipses. Totality travelled over areas with low levels of humidity and

light pollution Light pollution is the presence of any unwanted, inappropriate, or excessive artificial Visible spectrum, lighting. In a descriptive sense, the term ''light pollution'' refers to the effects of any poorly implemented lighting sources, during the ...

, allowing for very good observations. Several major observatories experienced totality, including the

European Southern Observatory The European Organisation for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere, commonly referred to as the European Southern Observatory (ESO), is an intergovernmental organization, intergovernmental research organisation made up of 16 m ...

Oeno Island

The first land surface and the only Pacific island from which totality was visible is

Oeno Island Oeno Island ( ) or Holiday Island is an uninhabited coral atoll in the South Pacific Ocean, part of the Pitcairn Islands overseas territory. It is part of the Pitcairn Island Group, together with Pitcairn, Henderson and Ducie islands. Geog ...

, an uninhabited atoll in the

Chile

Totality was visible in a large portion of Coquimbo Region and small parts of Atacama Region. Cities in the path included La Serena and

La Higuera ; ) is a small village in Bolivia located in the Province of Vallegrande, in the Department of Santa Cruz. It is situated in the La Higuera Canton (civil parish) belonging to the Pucará Municipality. Geography The village is situated some ...

. Approximately 300,000 people visited La Serena to view the event. Tickets to view the eclipse from the European Southern Observatory were sold for US$2000 each.

Argentina

Totality was visible in the provinces of

La Rioja La Rioja () is an autonomous communities in Spain, autonomous community and provinces of Spain, province in Spain, in the north of the Iberian Peninsula. Its capital is Logroño. Other List of municipalities in La Rioja, cities and towns in the ...

, San Luis,

Córdoba Córdoba most commonly refers to: * Córdoba, Spain, a major city in southern Spain and formerly the imperial capital of Islamic Spain * Córdoba, Argentina, the second largest city in Argentina and the capital of Córdoba Province Córdoba or Cord ...

, Santa Fe, and

. Cities in the path included

and Río Cuarto. The path of totality finished at the Samborombon Bay, where the eclipsed sunset was observed from San Clemente del Tuyu.

Gallery

Secuencia eclipse (48183876321).jpg, Eclipse progression from Huechuraba, Chile File:Total solar eclipse, La Silla Observatory, 2019.jpg, Totality over

La Silla Observatory La Silla Observatory is an astronomical observatory in Chile with three telescopes built and operated by the European Southern Observatory (ESO). Several other telescopes are also located at the site and are partly maintained by ESO. The observato ...

, Chile File:Eclipse parcial de sol julio 2 de 2019 - Temuco, Chile. (48182824772).jpg, Partial from

Temuco, Chile Temuco () is a List of cities in Chile, city and Communes of Chile, commune, capital (political), capital of the Cautín Province and of the Araucanía Region in southern Chile. The city is located south of Santiago de Chile, Santiago. The cit ...

, 19:42 UTC File:Eclipse Solar Total del 02.07.2019 - RN N°2 - Km. 140 - Prov. Buenos Aires (Argentina).jpg, Partial from

Buenos Aires, Argentina Buenos Aires, controlled by the government of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Argentina. It is located on the southwest of the Río de la Plata. Buenos Aires is classified as an Alpha− glob ...

, 20:10 UTC File:Total solar eclipse 2019 at La Silla Observatory.jpg, Totality as seen from

, 20:39 UTC File:Solar Eclipse (48185068557).jpg, From Ñuñoa, Chile, 20:41 UTC, near greatest eclipse File:Solar Eclipse 2019 (Alejo Ledesma, Cordoba) (48199449761).jpg, Time-lapse image from

Marcos Juárez Marcos Juárez is a city in the province of Córdoba, Argentina. It has 24,226 inhabitants per the , and is the head town of the Marcos Juárez Department. It is located 267 km southeast from the provincial capital Córdoba, on National Route ...

, Argentina File:Total Solar eclipse, July 2, 2019, Chile (La Silla Observatory) (processed).jpg,

Solar corona In astronomy, a corona (: coronas or coronae) is the outermost layer of a star's Stellar atmosphere, atmosphere. It is a hot but relatively luminosity, dim region of Plasma (physics), plasma populated by intermittent coronal structures such as so ...

, observed in ESO's

File:Eso1912p.jpg, The total solar eclipse diamond ring from

ESO The European Southern Observatory is an astronomical research organisation. ESO may also refer to: *Employee stock option (also: executive stock option) *'' Ether Saga Odyssey'', a fantasy massively multiplayer online role-playing game *''The Elde ...

's La Silla Observatory on July 2, 2019 at the moment when most of its face is occulted by the moon. Image was taken b
Mahdi Zamani
by the NTT telescope viewpoint.

Eclipse details

Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.

Eclipse season

This eclipse is part of an

eclipse season An eclipse season is a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Eclipse seasons are the result of the axial parallelism of the Orbit of the Moon, Moon's orbital plane (orbital inclination, tilted five degrees to the ecliptic, Earth ...

, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a

fortnight A fortnight is a unit of time equal to 14 days (two weeks). The word derives from the Old English term , meaning "" (or "fourteen days", since the Anglo-Saxons counted by nights). Astronomy and tides In astronomy, a ''lunar fortnight'' is hal ...

Related eclipses

Eclipses in 2019

* A partial solar eclipse on January 6. * A total lunar eclipse on January 21. * A total solar eclipse on July 2. * A partial lunar eclipse on July 16. * An annular solar eclipse on December 26.

Metonic

* Preceded by:

Solar eclipse of September 13, 2015 A partial solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's Lunar node, ascending node of orbit on Sunday, September 13, 2015, with a Magnitude of eclipse, magnitude of 0.7875. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby tota ...

* Followed by:

Solar eclipse of April 20, 2023 A total solar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit on Thursday, April 20, 2023, with a magnitude of 1.0132. It was a hybrid event, a narrow total eclipse, and beginning and ending as an annular eclipse. A solar eclipse occurs w ...

Tzolkinex

* Preceded by: Solar eclipse of May 20, 2012 * Followed by:

Solar eclipse of August 12, 2026 A total solar eclipse will occur at the Moon's descending node of orbit on Wednesday, 12 August 2026, with a magnitude of 1.0386. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image ...

Half-Saros

* Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of June 26, 2010 * Followed by: Lunar eclipse of July 6, 2028

Tritos

* Preceded by:

Solar eclipse of August 1, 2008 A total solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's Lunar node, descending node of orbit on Friday, August 1, 2008, with a Magnitude of eclipse, magnitude of 1.0394. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally o ...

* Followed by:

Solar eclipse of June 1, 2030 An annular solar eclipse will occur at the Moon's descending node of orbit on Saturday, June 1, 2030, with a magnitude of 0.9443. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image ...

Solar Saros 127

* Preceded by:

Solar eclipse of June 21, 2001 A total solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's ascending node of orbit on Thursday, June 21, 2001, with a magnitude of 1.0495. It was the first solar eclipse of the 21st century. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, ...

* Followed by:

Solar eclipse of July 13, 2037 A total solar eclipse will occur at the Moon's ascending node of orbit on Monday, July 13, 2037, with a magnitude of 1.0413. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of th ...

Inex

* Preceded by: Solar eclipse of July 22, 1990 * Followed by:

Solar eclipse of June 11, 2048 An annular solar eclipse will occur at the Moon's descending node of orbit on Thursday, June 11, 2048, with a magnitude of 0.9441. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image ...

Triad

* Preceded by:

Solar eclipse of August 31, 1932 A total solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's descending node of orbit between Wednesday, August 31 and Thursday, September 1, 1932, with a magnitude of 1.0257. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby tota ...

* Followed by:

Solar eclipse of May 3, 2106 Solar may refer to: Astronomy * Of or relating to the Sun ** Solar telescope, a special purpose telescope used to observe the Sun ** A device that utilizes solar energy (e.g. "solar panels") ** Solar calendar, a calendar whose dates indicate t ...

Solar eclipses of 2018–2021

Saros 127

Metonic series

Tritos series

Inex series

References

Additional sources

External links

solar-eclipse.de: ''The total solar eclipse of 07/02/2019''

eclipseportal.com: ''Total Solar Eclipse July, 02, 2019''

''JulyEclipse.com''
has free educational materials aimed at teaching children about the July 2019 Solar Eclipse. They are available in English, Spanish, and Portuguese. {{Solar eclipses 2019 07 02 2019 07 02 2019 in science 2019 in New Zealand 2019 in the Pitcairn Islands 2019 in Chile 2019 in Argentina July 2019 July 2019 in Oceania July 2019 in South America