The Sokrates Starynkiewicz Monument (

Polish Polish may refer to: * Anything from or related to Poland, a country in Europe * Polish language * Polish people, people from Poland or of Polish descent * Polish chicken * Polish brothers (Mark Polish and Michael Polish, born 1970), American twin ...

: ''Pomnik Sokratesa Starynkiewicza'') is a monument in

Warsaw Warsaw, officially the Capital City of Warsaw, is the capital and List of cities and towns in Poland, largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the Vistula, River Vistula in east-central Poland. Its population is officially estimated at ...

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukrai ...

, located in the district of

Ochota Ochota () is a district of Warsaw, Poland, located in the central part of the city's urban agglomeration. It is Warsaw's most densely populated district and home to the scientific campus of the University of Warsaw. The biggest housing estate ...

, in the

Water Filters A water filter removes impurities by lowering contamination of water using a fine physical barrier, a chemical process, or a biological process. Filters cleanse water to different extents, for purposes such as: providing agricultural irrigation, ...

complex, near 81 Koszykowa Street. It consists of a bust depicting

Sokrates Starynkiewicz Sokrat Ivanovich Starynkevich (; ; 1820–1902), commonly known as Sokrates Starynkiewicz, was a Russian general and the 19th president of Warsaw, between 1875 and 1892. During his presidency he ordered the construction of municipal water works a ...

, a 19th-century military officer and statesman, who was the mayor of

from 1875 and 1892. It was originally designed by Jan Woydyga, and unveiled in 1907. It was destroyed in 1944 during the

Second World War World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

, and its replica was unveiled in 1996.

History

The monument was proposed in 1903 by the inhabitants of

.Piotr Paszkiewicz: ''Pod berłem Romanowów. Sztuka rosyjska w Warszawie 1815–1915''. Warsaw: Instytut Sztuki Polskiej Akademii Nauk, 1991, p. 175. ISBN 83-900047-7-1. (in Polish) It was designed by sculptor Jan Woydyga, and unveiled on in 1907, at the Warsaw Water Filters, which were opened while he was in office of the city mayor.Irena Grzesiuk-Olszewska: ''Warszawska rzeźba pomnikowa''. Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Neriton, 2003, p. 59. ISBN 83-88973-59-2. (in Polish)Jarosław Zieliński: ''Atlas dawnej architektury ulic i placów Warszawy. Tom 6. Kępna-Koźmińska''. Warsaw: Biblioteka Towarzystwa Opieki nad Zabytkami, 2000, p. 210. ISBN 83-88372-04-4. (in Polish) The bust was destroyed by German soldiers in 1944 during the

Warsaw Uprising The Warsaw Uprising (; ), sometimes referred to as the August Uprising (), or the Battle of Warsaw, was a major World War II operation by the Polish resistance movement in World War II, Polish underground resistance to liberate Warsaw from ...

in the

. Its replica, designed by K. Michalski, was unveiled in 1996, and placed on the original pedestal.

Characteristics

The monument is placed next to the north side of the water tower, in the Warsaw Water Filters complex, near 81 Koszykowa Street. It consists of a bust of

, placed on a pedestal made from pink

granite Granite ( ) is a coarse-grained (phanerite, phaneritic) intrusive rock, intrusive igneous rock composed mostly of quartz, alkali feldspar, and plagioclase. It forms from magma with a high content of silica and alkali metal oxides that slowly coo ...

. Its base is decorated with a sculpture of

laurel wreath A laurel wreath is a symbol of triumph, a wreath (attire), wreath made of connected branches and leaves of the bay laurel (), an aromatic broadleaf evergreen. It was also later made from spineless butcher's broom (''Ruscus hypoglossum'') or cher ...

wrapped around it, which is made from

brass Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc, in proportions which can be varied to achieve different colours and mechanical, electrical, acoustic and chemical properties, but copper typically has the larger proportion, generally copper and zinc. I ...

. It has the total height of 3 m.

Gallery

File:Pomnik Sokratesa Starynkiewicza w Warszawie Zespół Stacji Filtrów 2017.jpg, The monument, including its pedestal, in 2017.

References

{{Public art in Warsaw Monuments and memorials in Warsaw 1907 establishments in Poland 1996 establishments in Poland 1907 sculptures 1996 sculptures Buildings and structures completed in 1907 Buildings and structures completed in 1996 Outdoor sculptures in Warsaw Busts in Poland Sculptures of men in Poland Ochota Destroyed sculptures Stone monuments and memorials 1944 disestablishments in Poland Buildings and structures demolished in 1944 Removed monuments and memorials Replicas Sculptures of military officers Sculptures of politicians Rebuilt buildings and structures in Warsaw Buildings and structures in Poland destroyed during World War II