Artisanal fishing (or traditional/subsistence fishing) consists of various small-scale,
low-technology, low-capital,
fishing practices undertaken by individual
fishing households (as opposed to
commercial fishing). Many of these households are of coastal or island ethnic groups. These households make short (rarely overnight) fishing trips close to the shore. Their produce is usually not processed and is mainly for local consumption. Artisan fishing uses traditional
fishing techniques such as
rod
Rod, Ror, Ród, Rőd, Rød, Röd, ROD, or R.O.D. may refer to:
Devices
* Birch rod, made out of twigs from birch or other trees for corporal punishment
* Ceremonial rod, used to indicate a position of authority
* Connecting rod, main, coupling, ...
and
tackle
Tackle may refer to:
* In football:
** Tackle (football move), a play in various forms of football
** Tackle (gridiron football position), a position in American football and Canadian football
** Dump tackle, a forceful move in rugby of picking ...
,
fishing arrows and
harpoons,
cast nets, and small (if any)
traditional fishing boats. For that reason, socio-economic status of artisanal fishing community has become an interest of the authorities in recent years.
Artisan fishing may be undertaken for both
commercial and
subsistence reasons. It contrasts with large-scale modern commercial fishing practices in that it is often less wasteful and less stressful on fish populations than modern industrial fishing. Target 14.b of
Sustainable Development Goal 14
Sustainable Development Goal 14 (Goal 14 or SDG 14) is about "Life below water" and is one of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals established by the United Nations in 2015. The official wording is to "Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas ...
works to provide access rights to artisanal fishers on marine resources and markets.
Importance
Hundreds of millions of people around the world rely on artisanal fisheries to live. Artisanal fishing is critically important for not only food, but for jobs, income, nutrition,
food security, sustainable livelihoods, and poverty alleviation as well. Artisanal fisheries are the predominant form of fisheries in "tropical developing countries" such as Nigeria.
The importance of artisanal and small-scale fisheries have been recognized in the first internationally agreed instrument dedicated entirely to small-scale fisheries. This agreement, drafted by the
Food and Agriculture Organization of the
United Nations is titled the Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries in the Context of Food Security and Poverty Eradication and was implemented in 2015. In addition, there is increased global advocacy to provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and market, this is one of the major targets of the United Nations
Sustainable Development Goal 14
Sustainable Development Goal 14 (Goal 14 or SDG 14) is about "Life below water" and is one of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals established by the United Nations in 2015. The official wording is to "Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas ...
.
Artisan fishing boats and gears
Nigeria
A traditional dug out canoe between 3–18 meters long is used in Nigeria for artisanal fishing. Artisanal fishers in this area use gear that included, "cast nets, handlines, basket traps, longlines, set gillnets and beach and purse seines."
Sudan
Fishing vessels used in Sudan include from the ''sharoaq'', ''feluka'' and ''murkab al hadeed''. Equipment varies by region and includes fixed nets, drift nets, seine nets, long line and cast nets.
Flores
Flores is one of the Lesser Sunda Islands, a group of islands in the eastern half of Indonesia. Including the Komodo Islands off its west coast (but excluding the Solor Archipelago to the east of Flores), the land area is 15,530.58 km2, and th ...
, Indonesia
Techniques
File:RV02Interior39.JPG, Fish wheel used in Alaska
Image:Shrimpers on horseback.jpg, Shrimpers on horseback, Oostduinkerke, Belgium.
Image:Syr Darya river (Qyzylorda province) winter fishing 2006 00.jpg, Ice fishing on Syr-Darya river, Qyzylorda, Kazakhstan
Image:Fisherman Seychelles.jpg, Fisherman landing his catch, Seychelles.
Image:Fisherman and his catch Seychelles.jpg, Fisherman and his catch, Seychelles. The fish, including small sharks, were hooked on hand lines many miles off shore.
Image:Fishing, Cà Mau.jpg, Shore based lift nets in Cà Mau, Vietnam. Also see Chinese fishing nets of Kochi.
File:Fisherman and net 2, Bhubaneswar - Oct 2010.jpg, Fisherman with his net
Image:Đó.jpg, Traditional fish traps, Hà Tây
Hà is a Vietnamese surname. The name is transliterated as He in Chinese and Ha in Korean.
Ha is the anglicized variation of the surname Hà. It is also the anglicized variation of Hạ.
Notable people with the surname Hà
*Hà Kiều Anh, Mis ...
, Vietnam.
Image:CormorantFishing001.JPG, Cormorants used for fishing in China
See more
*
2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami
An earthquake and a tsunami, known as the Boxing Day Tsunami and, by the scientific community, the Sumatra–Andaman earthquake, occurred at 07:58:53 local time (UTC+7) on 26 December 2004, with an epicentre off the west coast of northern Suma ...
*
Artisanal food
*
Blue justice
*
Community-supported fishery
*
Corf
*
Fishing
*
Fishing weir
*
Fishing village
*
Recreational fishing
*
Rock fishing
*
Traditional fishing boat
References
Sources
*
FAO''Definition: Artisanal fisheries''* Béné, C; Macfadyen, G; Allison, E H (2007
FAO Fisheries Technical Paper T481.
* Diegues, Antonio Carlos (2002
''Sea Tenure, traditional knowledge and management among brazilian artisanal fishermen.'' NUPAUB, University of São Paulo. Retrieved 25 April 2008.
*
Pauly, D (2006)
''Major trends in small-scale marine fisheries, with emphasis on developing countries, and some implications for the social sciences''Maritime Studies (MAST) 4(2): 7–22.
* Tietze, U; Siar, S; Upare, Suchitra M and Upare, M A (2007
FAO Fisheries Circulars C1021.
External links
*
OASReport on fisheries including artisan fishing* WorldFish Center
Resilient Small-Scale Fisheries* CGIAR Research Program on Fish Agri-Food Systems
Small-Scale Fisheries
{{fisheries and fishing
Fishing industry